{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:44:14Z","timestamp":1785545054674,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Nurse burnout is a pervasive global problem. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to reduce burnout; however, most digital CBT programs use standardized approaches that overlook individual differences in burnout profiles. With advances in artificial intelligence (AI), algorithm-based recommendation systems now enable personalized intervention delivery by matching specific CBT modules to users.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to test the effects of an AI-selected mobile CBT-based intervention on nurse burnout and to describe participants\u2019 experiences with the intervention. Specifically, it evaluated whether an AI-selected CBT-based intervention differentially reduced burnout subdomains compared with an information-only control group and explored how nurses perceived and engaged with the AI-selected program.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This study adopted a mixed methods design, integrating a 2-group randomized controlled trial and qualitative content analysis exploring participants\u2019 experiences. For this randomized controlled trial, a total of 125 nurses were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=62) or the control group (n=63) between October 2024 and December 2024. The experimental group received an AI-selected mobile CBT-based intervention, in which an AI algorithm assigned CBT modules based on participants\u2019 burnout profiles (client-related, personal, and work-related), job stress, and coping characteristics. The control group received information related to burnout management. Primary outcomes, client-related, personal, and work-related burnout, were assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes, including coping strategies, job stress, and stress response, were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks. Between-group differences in burnout over time were examined using repeated measures analysis of variance, with adjustment for job stress and stress response. Within-group changes and postintervention group differences were analyzed using\n t<\/jats:italic>\n tests. Open-ended survey responses and follow-up interviews (n=5 in the experimental group) were analyzed using thematic content analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Follow-up completion rates were 84.6% (137\/162) at both 2 and 4 weeks. The experimental group showed a greater reduction in client-related (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n 1,121<\/jats:sub>\n =7.548;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =.007), personal (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n 1,121<\/jats:sub>\n =6.533;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n =.01), and work-related burnout (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n 1,121<\/jats:sub>\n =38.194;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n <.001) than the control group, reflecting more pronounced within-group improvements over time. No significant between-group differences were observed for coping strategies, job stress, or stress response. Qualitative findings suggested that some participants were receptive to the AI-selected CBT-based intervention and reported increased self-awareness and reflective engagement with coping strategies that they might not have selected independently.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The findings suggest that participants were receptive to AI-selected CBT-based interventions, suggesting the potential of such interventions as a supportive approach for alleviating nurse burnout. Future research should explore the sustainability of these effects and optimize the intervention duration to enhance engagement and impact.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/85986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T19:42:56Z","timestamp":1783107776000},"page":"e85986-e85986","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alleviating Nurse Burnout With an Artificial Intelligence\u2013Selected Mobile Cognitive Behavioral Therapy\u2013Based Intervention: Mixed Methods Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0523-4415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeongeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0115-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiyoung","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1999-0158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gumhee","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10212","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32794-1","article-title":"2020: unleashing the full potential of nursing","volume":"394","author":"The Lancet","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.936","article-title":"Nurses\u2019 burnout and quality of life: a systematic review and critical analysis of measures used","volume":"9","author":"Khatatbeh","journal-title":"Nurs Open"},{"issue":"7","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.12589","article-title":"Extent of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout in nursing: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","journal-title":"J Nurs Manag"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.12.015","article-title":"Global prevalence of burnout symptoms among nurses: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"123","author":"Woo","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.43059","article-title":"Nurse burnout and patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of care: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Li","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2022.151622","article-title":"Frontline nurses\u2019 burnout and its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea","volume":"67","author":"Noh","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/02678370500297720","article-title":"The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory: a new tool for the assessment of burnout","volume":"19","author":"Kristensen","journal-title":"Work Stress"},{"issue":"2","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12837","article-title":"Time to solve persistent, pernicious and widespread nursing workforce shortages","volume":"70","author":"Peters","journal-title":"Int Nurs Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.30574\/ijsra.2024.11.1.0067","article-title":"Demographic shifts and healthcare: a review of aging populations and systemic challenges","volume":"11","author":"Ogugua","journal-title":"Int J Sci Res Arch"},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"Nehra DK Sharma NR Kumar P Nehra S et al. Cognitive behaviour therapy: an overview. In: Hooda D Sharma NR , editors. Mental Health: Risks and Resources. Global Vision Publishing House; 2013:272-303. ISBN: 978-81-8220-582-6"},{"issue":"24","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13243253","article-title":"Effects of third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy for healthcare professionals\u2019 burnout: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Han","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1177\/1461445618754426","article-title":"The role of laughter in cognitive-behavioral therapy: case studies","volume":"20","author":"Dionigi","journal-title":"Discourse Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2023.2265560","article-title":"Adding online storytelling-based acceptance and commitment therapy to antidepressant treatment for primary care patients: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"53","author":"Davis","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2012.027","article-title":"Self-reflection in cognitive behavioural therapy and supervision","volume":"156","author":"Prasko","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2023.101827","article-title":"Effective interventions to reduce burnout in nurses: a meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Musker","journal-title":"Complement Ther Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38169-8","article-title":"Interventions to reduce burnout among clinical nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lee","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01172-y","article-title":"A systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis of eHealth and mHealth interventions for improving lifestyle behaviours","volume":"7","author":"Singh","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-024-02569-2","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to implementing workplace interventions to promote mental health: qualitative evidence synthesis","volume":"13","author":"Paterson","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/35671","article-title":"Understanding people with chronic pain who use a cognitive behavioral therapy-based artificial intelligence mental health app (Wysa): mixed methods retrospective observational study","volume":"9","author":"Meheli","journal-title":"JMIR Hum Factors"},{"issue":"9","key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8133","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-025-07359-0","article-title":"Does the AI-driven chatbot work? Effectiveness of the Woebot app in reducing anxiety and depression in group counseling courses and student acceptance of technological aids","volume":"44","author":"Yeh","journal-title":"Curr Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipha.2024.12.003","article-title":"The impact of artificial intelligence on remote healthcare: enhancing patient engagement, connectivity, and overcoming challenges","volume":"3","author":"Chaturvedi","journal-title":"Intell Pharm"},{"issue":"12","key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e22844","article-title":"Health recommendation system using deep learning-based collaborative filtering","volume":"9","author":"Chinnasamy","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.18502\/ijps.v20i1.17395","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-powered cognitive behavioral therapy chatbots, a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Farzan","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.70003","article-title":"AI-assisted tailored intervention for nurse burnout: a three-group randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Baek","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid Based Nurs"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3164","article-title":"Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI extension","volume":"370","author":"Liu","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"6","key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"Cohen J . Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988. ISBN: 9781134742707"},{"issue":"12","key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10122532","article-title":"Efficacy and feasibility of the minimal therapist-guided four-week online audio-based mindfulness program 'Mindful Senses' for burnout and stress reduction in medical personnel: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Luangapichart","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-018-9979-5","article-title":"Predictors of dropout in internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for depression","volume":"43","author":"Schmidt","journal-title":"Cognit Ther Res"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/54029","article-title":"Development of an artificial intelligence-based tailored mobile intervention for nurse burnout: single-arm trial","volume":"26","author":"Cho","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Ham MJ . A path analysis study on nurses\u2019 emotional labor and burnout [Master\u2019s Thesis]. Gyeongsang National University; 2011. URL: https:\/\/dcollection.gnu.ac.kr\/public_resource\/pdf\/000000014045_20260614085312.pdf [Accessed 15-06-2026]"},{"issue":"5","key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.59.5.1066","article-title":"A factor analytically derived measure of coping: the Coping Strategy Indicator","volume":"59","author":"Amirkhan","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R33","first-page":"919","volume":"14","author":"Shin","journal-title":"Korean J Couns Psychother"},{"issue":"3","key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4040\/jnas.1985.15.3.39","article-title":"An analytical study of work stress among clinical nurses","volume":"15","author":"Gu","journal-title":"J Nurs Acad Soc"},{"key":"R35","unstructured":"Ahn MK . The effect of nurse's job stress on health practice behavior [Master\u2019s Thesis]. Yonsei University; 2003."},{"issue":"4","key":"R36","first-page":"707","volume":"39","author":"Koh","journal-title":"J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"R37","first-page":"541","volume":"45","author":"Choi","journal-title":"J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/27039","article-title":"A mobile phone-based intervention to reduce mental health problems in health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic (PsyCovidApp): randomized controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Fiol-DeRoque","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/51549","article-title":"Effects and mechanisms of a web- and mobile-based acceptance and commitment therapy intervention for anxiety and depression symptoms in nurses: fully decentralized randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Lu","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.31674\/mjn.2023.v15i02.016","article-title":"Impact of using mobile applications on the psychological wellbeing of nurses to reduce job stress and burnout: systematic review & meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Chakraborty","journal-title":"Malays J Nurs"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clarke V Braun V . Thematic analysis. In: Teo T , editor. Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology. Springer; 2014:1947-1952. [doi: 10.1007\/978-1-4614-5583-7_311]","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5583-7_311"},{"issue":"5","key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0322282","article-title":"Person-directed burnout intervention for nurses: a systematic review of psychoeducational approaches","volume":"20","author":"Abdullah Sharin","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089090","article-title":"Coping with stress and types of burnout: explanatory power of different coping strategies","volume":"9","author":"Montero-Marin","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47626\/1679-4435-2024-1175","article-title":"Burnout syndrome and coping strategies among professors in the health area","volume":"22","author":"Xavier","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med Trab"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.obhdp.2018.12.005","article-title":"Algorithm appreciation: people prefer algorithmic to human judgment","volume":"151","author":"Logg","journal-title":"Organ Behav Hum Decis Process"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/65567","article-title":"Trust and acceptance challenges in the adoption of AI applications in health care: quantitative survey analysis","volume":"27","author":"Kauttonen","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"}],"container-title":["JMIR mHealth and uHealth"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/mhealth.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e85986","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:25:39Z","timestamp":1785536739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mhealth.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e85986"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/85986","relation":{},"ISSN":["2291-5222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2291-5222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"article-number":"v14i10212e85986"}}