{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:47:35Z","timestamp":1782841655895,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Internet Res"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Preventing relapses of psychosis is difficult and important. Digital remote monitoring (DRM) systems are being developed and tested to support this. Increasingly, these systems use algorithm-based relapse prediction. Hence, understanding stakeholder views about algorithmic prediction is crucial. Existing qualitative work has explored health professionals\u2019 views, but very few studies have examined the perspectives of people with psychosis on this topic.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This paper aimed to provide an in-depth examination of the views of people with psychosis regarding algorithmic relapse prediction within a DRM system that incorporates active symptom monitoring and passive sensing data.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n People with psychosis (n=58) were recruited from 6 geographically distinct areas of the United Kingdom. They participated in semistructured qualitative interviews exploring their views about using a DRM system that predicts psychosis relapse based on a machine learning algorithm. Transcripts were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. People with lived experience of psychosis were involved extensively in study design, analysis, and reporting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Findings were described across 4 themes. First,\n accuracy<\/jats:italic>\n was a prominent theme. Participants emphasized that transparency about algorithm sensitivity and specificity is crucial and discussed the risks of the relapse prediction algorithm producing false positives (flagging that someone was relapsing when they were not) and false negatives (missing actual relapses). In both cases, participants said that errors may be partially mitigated through a\n human-in-the-loop<\/jats:italic>\n approach (theme 2), with DRM blended with human oversight, from clinicians or a dedicated digital monitoring team, and calibrated based on service user, carer, and clinician feedback. The third theme,\n trust, fears, and choice,<\/jats:italic>\n noted the interplay between users\u2019 trust in the DRM system and their relationship with the clinical team. This theme described participants\u2019 fears about potential overreactions (hospitalization or excessive medication) or underreactions (no additional support) from the clinical team in response to algorithm-generated relapse predictions. It emphasized the importance of retaining choice around the use of relapse detection algorithms and the sharing of personal data. The final theme described participants\u2019 views about the\n benefits of using a relapse prediction algorithm<\/jats:italic>\n , including facilitating early intervention, triaging care according to need, minimizing human bias in assessment, and efficiency in saving staff time.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n People with psychosis acknowledged potential benefits of algorithm-assisted relapse prediction for receiving timely or efficient care, but with several caveats. Algorithm-generated relapse alerts need to be sufficiently accurate and must be interpreted, with understanding of their limitations, by a trustworthy human who is aware of the relevant context. Algorithm-based relapse predictions should only be used with valid consent, in a way that promotes and respects the autonomy and voice of service users and avoids increasing the use of excessive restriction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/86753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T18:22:27Z","timestamp":1775845347000},"page":"e86753-e86753","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Views of People With Psychosis About Algorithm-Based Relapse Prediction and Data Sharing: Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5164-2407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Eisner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-5080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Ball","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2187-9195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Ainsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5701-0336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Cella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0220-4835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J","family":"Drake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2225-4621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Elton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1549-0922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7899-8980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathryn","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8888-938X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Gumley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6234-5774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian","family":"Haddock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6755-6121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberley M","family":"Kendall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0162-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3638-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tor-Ivar","family":"Krogs\u00e6ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5009-4066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1861-4652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sh\u00f4n","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7093-8550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alie","family":"Phiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4683-2596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Schwannauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0480-4626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6503-7969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annabel E L","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6980-4053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5881-8003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Til","family":"Wykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7849-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uzma","family":"Zahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6197-5333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.2246","article-title":"Proportion and predictors of remission and recovery in first-episode psychosis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Catalan","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.05.007","article-title":"Risk factors for relapse following treatment for first episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies","volume":"139","author":"Alvarez-Jimenez","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2019.161","article-title":"Ten-year employment patterns of patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: comparison of early intervention and standard care services","volume":"217","author":"Chan","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.695672","article-title":"Associations between relapses and psychosocial outcomes in patients with schizophrenia in real-world settings in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Lin","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30264-9","article-title":"Psychosis relapse during treatment with long-acting injectable antipsychotics in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Rubio","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114762","article-title":"Diminished treatment response in relapsed versus first-episode schizophrenia as revealed by a panel of blood-based biomarkers: a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study","volume":"316","author":"Cai","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0278-3","article-title":"Does relapse contribute to treatment resistance? Antipsychotic response in first- vs. second-episode schizophrenia","volume":"44","author":"Takeuchi","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2018.0185","article-title":"Association of an early intervention service for psychosis with suicide rate among patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders","volume":"75","author":"Chan","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40168136","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaf018","article-title":"Association of relapse with all-cause mortality in adult patients with stable schizophrenia","volume":"28","author":"Correll","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2022.103087","article-title":"Longitudinal relapse pattern of patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and its predictors and outcomes: a 10-year follow-up study","volume":"71","author":"Chan","journal-title":"Asian J Psychiatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-10-2","article-title":"The cost of relapse and the predictors of relapse in the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"10","author":"Ascher-Svanum","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2022.2157596","article-title":"Socioeconomic burden of schizophrenia: a targeted literature review of types of costs and associated drivers across 10 countries","volume":"26","author":"Kotzeva","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"issue":"5","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2023.29.5.499","article-title":"Place of care and costs associated with acute episodes and remission in schizophrenia","volume":"29","author":"McIntyre","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"issue":"9","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-017-0515-3","article-title":"The cost of relapse in schizophrenia","volume":"35","author":"Pennington","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbad127","article-title":"Methodological characteristics and feasibility of ecological momentary assessment studies in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Bell","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/65246","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators of user engagement with digital mental health interventions for people with psychosis or bipolar disorder: systematic review and best-fit framework synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Eisner","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-024-02692-4","article-title":"A systematic review of users experiences of using digital interventions within psychosis: a thematic synthesis of qualitative research","volume":"60","author":"Dennard","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2023.102357","article-title":"Systematic review of early warning signs of relapse and behavioural antecedents of symptom worsening in people living with schizophrenia spectrum disorders","volume":"107","author":"Gleeson","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.21299","article-title":"The evolving field of digital mental health: current evidence and implementation issues for smartphone apps, generative artificial intelligence, and virtual reality","volume":"24","author":"Torous","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2025.05.019","article-title":"Smartphone monitoring and digital phenotyping apps for schizophrenia: a review of the academic literature","volume":"281","author":"Hau","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.7725","article-title":"Accelerating digital mental health research from early design and creation to successful implementation and sustainment","volume":"19","author":"Mohr","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/26334895221112033","article-title":"Accelerating the impact of artificial intelligence in mental healthcare through implementation science","volume":"3","author":"Nilsen","journal-title":"Implement Res Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22189-2","article-title":"How theories, models, and frameworks have been used to implement digital health interventions in services for people with severe mental health problems: a scoping review","volume":"25","author":"Ball","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-8-22","article-title":"Measuring factors affecting implementation of health innovations: a systematic review of structural, organizational, provider, patient, and innovation level measures","volume":"8","author":"Chaudoir","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf126","article-title":"Using passive sensing to predict psychosis relapse: an in-depth qualitative study exploring perspectives of people with psychosis","volume":"PMID","author":"Eisner","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbaf043","article-title":"Mental health professionals\u2019 perspectives on digital remote monitoring in services for people with psychosis","volume":"52","author":"Ball","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/49577","article-title":"Health care professionals\u2019 views on the use of passive sensing, AI, and machine learning in mental health care: systematic review with meta-synthesis","volume":"11","author":"Rogan","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.70116","article-title":"Healthcare professionals\u2019 views on the use of passive sensing and machine learning approaches in secondary mental healthcare: a qualitative study","volume":"27","author":"Rogan","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/64414","article-title":"Physician perspectives on the potential benefits and risks of applying artificial intelligence in psychiatric medicine: qualitative study","volume":"12","author":"Stroud","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Health"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoo DW Woo H Nguyen VC et al. Patient perspectives on AI-driven predictions of schizophrenia relapses: understanding concerns and opportunities for self-care and treatment. Presented at: CHI \u201924; May 11-16, 2024; Honolulu, HI, USA. URL: https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/proceedings\/10.1145\/3613904 [Accessed 02-04-2026] [doi: 10.1145\/3613904.3642369]","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642369"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"CONNECT study webpage. URL: www.connectdigitalstudy.com [Accessed 03-02-2026]"},{"issue":"6","key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"ICD-10 Classifications of Mental and Behavioural Disorder: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. World Health Organisation; 1992. ISBN: 9241544228"},{"issue":"2","key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1440-1614.2005.01714.x","article-title":"Mapping the onset of psychosis: the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States","volume":"39","author":"Yung","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1704846","article-title":"To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales","volume":"13","author":"Braun","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health"},{"key":"R37","unstructured":"Braun V Clarke V . Thematic Analysis: A Practical Guide. SAGE; 2022. ISBN: 978-1-4739-5323-9"},{"key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/62761","article-title":"Exploring participants\u2019 experiences of digital health interventions with qualitative methods: guidance for researchers","volume":"26","author":"Harrison Ginsberg","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R39","unstructured":"NVivo. Lumivero. 2017. URL: https:\/\/lumivero.com\/products\/nvivo\/ [Accessed 03-02-2026]"},{"issue":"1","key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/17437270701207694","article-title":"Resolving the quantitative\u2013qualitative dilemma: a critical realist approach","volume":"30","author":"Scott","journal-title":"International Journal of Research & Method in Education"},{"issue":"2","key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2016.1144401","article-title":"Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets method","volume":"20","author":"Fletcher","journal-title":"Int J Soc Res Methodol"},{"key":"R42","unstructured":"The CONNECT study. McPin Foundation. URL: https:\/\/mcpin.org\/project\/the-connect-study\/ [Accessed 02-04-2026]"},{"issue":"6","key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00103-1","article-title":"The EMPOWER blended digital intervention for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial in Scotland and Australia","volume":"9","author":"Gumley","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0300-7","article-title":"High-performance medicine: the convergence of human and artificial intelligence","volume":"25","author":"Topol","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2024.1463974","article-title":"Psychotic relapse prediction via biomarker monitoring: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Smyrnis","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105968","article-title":"Predictive utility of artificial intelligence on schizophrenia treatment outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"169","author":"Saboori Amleshi","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"issue":"2","key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-084463","article-title":"Accuracy of machine learning methods in predicting prognosis of patients with psychotic spectrum disorders: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Tay","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"15","key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291720001683","article-title":"Computing schizophrenia: ethical challenges for machine learning in psychiatry","volume":"51","author":"Starke","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171700294X","article-title":"Fact or fiction: reducing the proportion and impact of false positives","volume":"48","author":"Stahl","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20030250","article-title":"Evaluating the machine learning literature: a primer and user\u2019s guide for psychiatrists","volume":"178","author":"Grzenda","journal-title":"AJP"},{"issue":"1","key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01451-2","article-title":"A systematic review of passive data for remote monitoring in psychosis and schizophrenia","volume":"8","author":"Bladon","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2025.116483","article-title":"Smartphone digital phenotyping in mental health disorders: a review of raw sensors utilized, machine learning processing pipelines, and derived behavioral features","volume":"348","author":"Linardon","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01181-5","article-title":"Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR outcomes addendum","volume":"17","author":"Damschroder","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2018-105118","article-title":"Computer knows best? The need for value-flexibility in medical AI","volume":"45","author":"McDougall","journal-title":"J Med Ethics"},{"issue":"3","key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44206-024-00121-2","article-title":"Digital technology in healthcare\u2014an ethical overview","volume":"3","author":"Hansson","journal-title":"DISO"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bionps.2024.100107","article-title":"Biomarker discovery using machine learning in the psychosis spectrum","volume":"11","author":"Yassin","journal-title":"Biomark Neuropsychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s41347-019-00095-w","article-title":"Creating a digital health smartphone app and digital phenotyping platform for mental health and diverse healthcare needs: an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach","volume":"4","author":"Torous","journal-title":"J technol behav sci"},{"key":"R58","unstructured":"A guide to the data protection principles. Information Commissioner\u2019s Office. URL: https:\/\/ico.org.uk\/for-organisations\/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources\/data-protection-principles\/a-guide-to-the-data-protection-principles\/ [Accessed 17-07-2025]"},{"issue":"6","key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbae048","article-title":"Measurement of adverse events in studies of digital health interventions for psychosis: guidance and recommendations based on a literature search and framework analysis of standard operating procedures","volume":"50","author":"Eisner","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"6","key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbae031","article-title":"Adverse events reporting in digital interventions evaluations for psychosis: a systematic literature search and individual level content analysis of adverse event reports","volume":"50","author":"Allan","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"1","key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s40501-025-00362-z","article-title":"Policy in Flux: addressing the regulatory challenges of AI integration in US mental health services","volume":"12","author":"Kahane","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Psych"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/gmh.2021.28","article-title":"Cross cultural and global uses of a digital mental health app: results of focus groups with clinicians, patients and family members in India and the United States","volume":"8","author":"Rodriguez-Villa","journal-title":"Glob Ment Health (Camb)"},{"issue":"5","key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-01949-9","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: aetiology, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"28","author":"McCutcheon","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R64","unstructured":"Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial IntelligenceCapstick E Etchemendy J Fattorini L et al. Artificial Intelligence Index Report 2025 | Chapter 8: Public Opinion. Stanford University; 2025. URL: https:\/\/hai.stanford.edu\/assets\/files\/hai_ai-index-report-2025_chapter8_final.pdf [Accessed 03-02-2026]"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Internet Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e86753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:14:28Z","timestamp":1782839668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e86753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"references-count":64,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/86753","relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-8871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-8871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"article-number":"v28i1e86753"}}