{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:23:14Z","timestamp":1787952194679,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Internet Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Digital health technologies are increasingly being used in scoliosis rehabilitation, but current evidence remains fragmented, and the effectiveness of these technologies across different categories, and their implementation in the real world remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"objective\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We systematically evaluated the efficacy, implementation factors, and potential mechanisms of action of digital health technologies across various categories for scoliosis rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to November 7, 2025, with an updated search on May 12, 2026. We included English-language controlled trials, cohort studies, and feasibility studies of digital interventions for any type of scoliosis that reported at least one quantitative outcome; nonoriginal publications, purely surgical studies, and those without extractable data were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool (RoB 2) and the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I), and intervention reporting completeness was assessed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). Interventions were categorized into 5 technology types and further stratified by evidence maturity into 3 tiers. Evidence was synthesized using vote counting based on the direction of effect, with prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses, and certainty of evidence assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen studies (574 patients) from 5 countries were included. Among the randomized trials, 14.3% (n=1) were at high risk of bias, and among the nonrandomized studies, 33.3% (n=2) were at serious risk of bias. Across the 4 outcome domains, clinical outcomes showed a generally favorable direction for Cobb angle and flexibility but inconsistent evidence for the angle of trunk rotation (ATR); functional outcomes were consistently favorable for respiratory function and postural control; patient-reported quality-of-life outcomes were predominantly favorable, whereas evidence for pain and body image was inconsistent; implementation outcomes showed the least favorable overall direction of effect, with adherence and dropout more closely tied to supervision intensity than technology category. The main findings remained robust in sensitivity analyses; no serious adverse events were reported, and the overall certainty of evidence was low.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Digital health interventions showed a generally favorable direction of effect for spinal alignment, function, and quality of life; however, evidence certainty was low, and outcomes should be interpreted with caution. To our knowledge, this is the first review to integrate diverse digital interventions into a single framework of 5 technology categories and 3 maturity tiers and to synthesize effectiveness across technologies, unlike prior single-technology or single-function reviews. Its main contribution is to shift the focus from technology effectiveness toward sustained use and to identify human supervision as a key factor influencing implementation. Clinically, technologies may be selected by maturity tier and paired with an appropriate supervision strategy to extend access to rehabilitation. Larger, long-term multicenter trials are needed for confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/91461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:12:20Z","timestamp":1787951540000},"page":"e91461-e91461","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Application of Digital Health Technologies in Scoliosis Rehabilitation: Systematic Review Based on the Technology Classification Framework"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9820-4310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujie","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7011-4325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaben","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1565-6224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zelin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5069-7749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5186-3188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9240-9633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chengyuan","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2683-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gege","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8761-6298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0892-7978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maomao","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1187-6394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860020-00005","article-title":"Scoliosis: incidence and natural history. A prospective epidemiological study","volume":"60","author":"Rogala","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8934","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(94)90572-x","article-title":"Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"344","author":"Lonstein","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-025-05760-w","article-title":"Correlation between abnormal posture, screen time, physical activity, and suspected scoliosis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"20","author":"Chen","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-017-0145-8","article-title":"2016 SOSORT guidelines: orthopaedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth","volume":"13","author":"Negrini","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1596400","article-title":"Management of adolescent scoliosis: a comprehensive review of etiology and rehabilitation","volume":"13","author":"Kuang","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"1S","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2024.104078","article-title":"Non-operative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"111","author":"Angelliaume","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1399049","article-title":"Prevalence of scoliosis in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Li","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007837.pub3","article-title":"Therapeutic exercises for idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents","volume":"2","author":"Romano","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006850.pub3","article-title":"Braces for idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents","volume":"2015","author":"Negrini","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-025-02893-1","article-title":"Comparative efficacy of conservative interventions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"Ren","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14041063","article-title":"Systematic review of clinical outcome parameters of conservative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients","volume":"14","author":"Kuru \u00c7olak","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0334713","article-title":"Effects of different physical therapy training protocols on patients with idiopathic scoliosis: short-term results","volume":"20","author":"Lu","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/69065","article-title":"Lifestyle eHealth and mHealth interventions for children and adolescents: systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Singh","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/65385","article-title":"Wearable technology, smart home systems, and mobile apps for the self\u2011management of patient outcomes in dementia care: systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Cornelius","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD015968","article-title":"Digital health, technology-driven or technology-assisted interventions for the management of obesity in children and adolescents","volume":"7","author":"Palacios","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-24679-9","article-title":"Digital technology integration in home-based exercise: a systematic review of research evolution, applications, and impact mechanisms","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/jrm.v56.5343","article-title":"Effect of traditional rehabilitation programme versus telerehabilitation in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cohort study","volume":"56","author":"Mantelatto Andrade","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2025.112166","article-title":"Digital twins in radiology: a systematic review of applications, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"189","author":"Faiella","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/66981","article-title":"Behavior change strategies in digital exercise interventions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Li","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering12070696","article-title":"Wearable devices in scoliosis treatment: a scoping review of innovations and challenges","volume":"12","author":"Fazeli Veisari","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"},{"issue":"5","key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12051972","article-title":"Mobile apps to improve brace-wearing compliance in patients with idiopathic scoliosis: a quality analysis, functionality review and future directions","volume":"12","author":"Cho","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01542-z","article-title":"PRISMA-S: an extension to the PRISMA statement for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Rethlefsen","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6890","article-title":"Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline","volume":"368","author":"Campbell","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(00)00188-8","article-title":"What contributions do languages other than English make on the results of meta-analyses?","volume":"53","author":"Moher","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.08.021","article-title":"Language of publication restrictions in systematic reviews gave different results depending on whether the intervention was conventional or complementary","volume":"58","author":"Pham","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-019-04976-x","article-title":"How often do systematic reviews exclude articles not published in English?","volume":"34","author":"Jackson","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i4919","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","volume":"355","author":"Sterne","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1687","article-title":"Better reporting of interventions: template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide","volume":"348","author":"Hoffmann","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1458","article-title":"The effect direction plot revisited: application of the 2019 Cochrane Handbook guidance on alternative synthesis methods","volume":"12","author":"Boon","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKenzie JE Brennan SE . Synthesizing and presenting findings using other methods. In: Higgins JPT Thomas J Chandler J et al, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons; 2019:321-347. [doi: 10.1002\/9781119536604]","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch12"},{"issue":"3","key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmed-2017-110668","article-title":"Rating the certainty in evidence in the absence of a single estimate of effect","volume":"22","author":"Murad","journal-title":"Evid Based Med"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2024.3398029","article-title":"Development of a motion-based video game for postural training: a feasibility study on older adults with adult degenerative scoliosis","volume":"32","author":"Wan","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng"},{"issue":"2","key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-023-05340-2","article-title":"The effect of pilates-based exercise applied with hybrid telerehabilitation method in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"183","author":"Manzak Dursun","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2164956120988259","article-title":"Isometric yoga-like maneuvers improve adolescent idiopathic scoliosis-a nonrandomized control trial","volume":"10","author":"Fishman","journal-title":"Glob Adv Health Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-023-05439-7","article-title":"Exercise programs for scoliosis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomized-controlled study","volume":"44","author":"Kisa","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"issue":"20","key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182010899","article-title":"Effects of a home-based exercise intervention (E-Fit) on bone density, muscle function, and quality of life in girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Lau","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children11030354","article-title":"A comparison of the effects of supervised versus home schroth exercise programs with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"11","author":"Tombak","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/PEP.0000000000000174","article-title":"Spinal stabilization exercise effectiveness for low back pain in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized trial","volume":"27","author":"Zapata","journal-title":"Pediatr Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1007\/s42600-022-00235-x","article-title":"Combining immersive virtual reality and postural therapy for scoliosis treatment and prevention in children","volume":"38","author":"Moraes","journal-title":"Res Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"7","key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s12541-023-00815-6","article-title":"Rehabilitation exercise using a smart-bar device with augmented reality guide function","volume":"24","author":"Nam","journal-title":"Int J Precis Eng Manuf"},{"issue":"1","key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-09501-9","article-title":"Efficacy of virtual reality-based rehabilitation following posterior fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a single-blind randomized trial","volume":"35","author":"Ozger","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.59929","article-title":"Digital physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Yuan","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1111\/os.70265","article-title":"Effects of bracing combined with tele-rehabilitation-guided family physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis","volume":"18","author":"Chen","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168746","article-title":"Schroth physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises added to the standard of care lead to better cobb angle outcomes in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis - an assessor and statistician blinded randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Schreiber","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"11","key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155231172299","article-title":"Implementation of digital health interventions in rehabilitation: a scoping review","volume":"37","author":"Pearce","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1713334","article-title":"Achieving clinically meaningful outcomes in digital health: a six-step, cyclical precision engagement framework (ENGAGE)","volume":"7","author":"Eiselt","journal-title":"Front Digit Health"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076211018617","article-title":"The NICE evidence standards framework for digital health and care technologies - developing and maintaining an innovative evidence framework with global impact","volume":"7","author":"Unsworth","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"key":"R50","unstructured":"Classification of Digital Interventions, Services and Applications in Health: A Shared Language to Describe the Uses of Digital Technology for Health. 2nd ed. World Health Organization; 2023. URL: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240081949 [Accessed 11-08-2026]"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076241294110","article-title":"Telerehabilitation solutions in patient pathways: an overview of systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Nicolas","journal-title":"Digit Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007130.pub5","article-title":"Home-based versus centre-based cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"10","author":"McDonagh","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"16","key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191610325","article-title":"Using telehealth to guarantee the continuity of rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Brigo","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"20","key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6107","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1962992","article-title":"A systematic review of disability, rehabilitation and lifestyle services in rural and remote Australia through the lens of the people-centred health care","volume":"44","author":"Bohanna","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2020.104259","article-title":"mHealth for integrated people-centred health services in the western Pacific: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Godinho","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"issue":"1","key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2023.101791","article-title":"Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"67","author":"Molina-Garcia","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155231213476","article-title":"Effects of immersive and non-immersive virtual reality-based rehabilitation training on cognition, motor function, and daily functioning in patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Ren","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/48787","article-title":"Immersive and nonimmersive virtual reality-assisted active training in chronic musculoskeletal pain: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Lo","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13013-016-0076-9","article-title":"Physiotherapy scoliosis-specific exercises - a comprehensive review of seven major schools","volume":"11","author":"Berdishevsky","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.23.07654-2","article-title":"The effectiveness of Schroth method in Cobb angle, quality of life and trunk rotation angle in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Ceballos-Laita","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13202631","article-title":"The effects of the Schroth method on the Cobb angle, angle of trunk rotation, pulmonary function, and health-related quality of life in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Jim\u00e9nez-Jim\u00e9nez","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"22","key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s23229025","article-title":"Biofeedback respiratory rehabilitation training system based on virtual reality technology","volume":"23","author":"Shi","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s25103080","article-title":"Virtual reality: a new frontier of physical rehabilitation","volume":"25","author":"Capriotti","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/51994","article-title":"Tracking upper limb motion via wearable solutions: systematic review of research from 2011 to 2023","volume":"26","author":"Karoulla","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/41042","article-title":"Digital biomarker-based interventions: systematic review of systematic reviews","volume":"24","author":"Motahari-Nezhad","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.09.037","article-title":"Wearable technology for spine movement assessment: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Papi","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"10","key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2025.2546476","article-title":"Advancing gait rehabilitation through wearable technologies: current landscape and future directions","volume":"22","author":"Bartloff","journal-title":"Expert Rev Med Devices"},{"issue":"10","key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaad041","article-title":"Effective behavior change techniques in digital health interventions for the prevention or management of noncommunicable diseases: an umbrella review","volume":"57","author":"Mair","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0303086","article-title":"Neurophysiological, balance and motion evidence in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Paramento","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2025.1644314","article-title":"Protective and risk physical activities for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review identifying one-hour daily activity threshold and Chinese school-based prevention framework","volume":"7","author":"Guan","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"issue":"8","key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682211066824","article-title":"Timely revisit of proprioceptive deficits in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lau","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"16","key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000010","article-title":"Visuomotor process in movement correction: role of internal feedback loop","volume":"24","author":"Ikudome","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"7","key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3121","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2022.3227999","article-title":"Visual cue based corrective feedback for motor skill training in mixed reality: a survey","volume":"30","author":"Diller","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph"},{"issue":"5","key":"R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0096-1523.7.5.1019","article-title":"Processing visual feedback information for movement control","volume":"7","author":"Carlton","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform"},{"issue":"1","key":"R75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-012-0333-8","article-title":"Augmented visual, auditory, haptic, and multimodal feedback in motor learning: a review","volume":"20","author":"Sigrist","journal-title":"Psychon Bull Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"R76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.19695","article-title":"The role of augmented feedback on motor learning: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Moinuddin","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24051404","article-title":"Effect of reduced feedback frequencies on motor learning in a postural control task in young adults","volume":"24","author":"Marco-Ahull\u00f3","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-024-02538-9","article-title":"Efficacy of interventions and techniques on adherence to physiotherapy in adults: an overview of systematic reviews and panoramic meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Ley","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2024.104177","article-title":"Theories of motivation: a comprehensive analysis of human behavior drivers","volume":"244","author":"Bandhu","journal-title":"Acta Psychol (Amst)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419000403","article-title":"Integrative emotion regulation: process and development from a self-determination theory perspective","volume":"31","author":"Roth","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2020.1718529","article-title":"A meta-analysis of self-determination theory-informed intervention studies in the health domain: effects on motivation, health behavior, physical, and psychological health","volume":"15","author":"Ntoumanis","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"R82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X20955122","article-title":"Effectiveness of theory-based digital self-management interventions for improving depression, anxiety, fatigue and self-efficacy in people with neurological disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Lau","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"issue":"7","key":"R83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2017.1422204","article-title":"Social cognitive or learning theory use to improve self-efficacy in musculoskeletal rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Ghazi","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"key":"R84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.52.1.1","article-title":"Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective","volume":"52","author":"Bandura","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2019.1705873","article-title":"Do automated digital health behaviour change interventions have a positive effect on self-efficacy? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Newby","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"R86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kay090","article-title":"Behavior change techniques associated with changes in postintervention and maintained changes in self-efficacy for physical activity: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Tang","journal-title":"Ann Behav Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01827-4","article-title":"Systematic review and meta analysis of standalone digital behavior change interventions on physical activity","volume":"8","author":"Lee","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"R88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/77362","article-title":"Understanding adherence to digital health technologies: systematic review of predictive factors","volume":"27","author":"Figueiredo","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"R89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1177\/0391398819853296","article-title":"Early results of supervised versus unsupervised rehabilitation of patients with cervical pain","volume":"42","author":"Huber","journal-title":"Int J Artif Organs"},{"key":"R90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/43727","article-title":"Assessing patient adherence to and engagement with digital interventions for depression in clinical trials: systematic literature review","volume":"25","author":"Forbes","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"R91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/72639","article-title":"Application of the supportive accountability model in digital health interventions: scoping review","volume":"27","author":"Kwok","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"R92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.02.353","article-title":"Impact of telehealth interventions on processes and quality of care for patients with ESRD","volume":"72","author":"Lunney","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"R93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s24092936","article-title":"Advanced home-based shoulder rehabilitation: a systematic review of remote monitoring devices and their therapeutic efficacy","volume":"24","author":"Sassi","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"R94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1007\/s43390-020-00253-8","article-title":"Completion of a formal physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercise training program for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis increases patient compliance to home exercise programs","volume":"9","author":"Simhon","journal-title":"Spine Deform"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Internet Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T21:12:27Z","timestamp":1787951547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e91461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"references-count":94,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/91461","relation":{},"ISSN":["1438-8871"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1438-8871","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"article-number":"v28i2e91461"}}