{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:43:50Z","timestamp":1785545030108,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Res Protoc"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Advances in antiretroviral therapy have transformed HIV into a chronic condition, leading to a growing population of adults aged 50 years and older living with HIV in Canada and globally. These individuals experience higher rates of multimorbidity, frailty, cognitive changes, and polypharmacy than their HIV-negative peers, and many rely on caregivers for emotional and practical support. Caregiving often occurs within chosen families of partners, friends, and community members, yet these caregivers remain largely unrecognized in policies that prioritize bio-legal family structures. Existing person- and family-centered care (PFCC) models in HIV focus mainly on pediatric and adolescent populations, leaving a critical gap in guidance for older adults and their diverse caregivers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to co-design Canada\u2019s first equity-informed person- and family-centered care model tailored to older adults living with HIV and their biological, bio-legal, and chosen family caregivers. The objectives are to (1) examine experiences of accessing and providing caregiving support, including gendered and intersectional differences; (2) identify key components of a PFCC model to improve access and care experiences; and (3) develop a context-sensitive implementation strategy to support uptake across care settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This multiphase study uses an equity-informed Experience-Based Co-Design methodology guided by the UK Design Council\u2019s Double Diamond framework. An advisory committee of knowledge users, clinicians, and older adults living with HIV will provide ongoing input. Phase 1 involves approximately 45 semistructured interviews with older adults living with HIV, caregivers, and health care professionals, analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Phase 2 includes 2 co-design workshops with about 45 participants to collaboratively develop model components. Phase 3 includes 3 to 4 focus groups (approximately 30 participants) guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to refine an implementation strategy. Equity will be operationalized using the Culturally-Competent Research Criteria for Methodological Areas and monitored using PROGRESS-Plus (place of residence, race\/ethnicity, occupation, gender, religion, education, socioeconomic status, social capital, plus additional factors) indicators to support intersectional analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The study was funded on July 17, 2025. Data collection for phase 1 is scheduled to begin in January 2027, with subsequent co-design workshops (phase 2) planned for fall 2027 and evaluation activities (phase 3) anticipated in winter-spring 2028. Completion of data analysis is expected by mid-2028, with dissemination of findings anticipated later in 2028.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n This study will generate a rigorously developed, equity-informed PFCC model grounded in lived experience. Findings will inform policy, program planning, and service delivery to better support older adults living with HIV and their diverse caregivers while offering a replicable framework for co-designing inclusive care models in other chronic or stigmatized conditions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/94520","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:25:17Z","timestamp":1783700717000},"page":"e94520-e94520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Co-Designing Person- and Family-Centered Care for Older Adults Living With HIV: Protocol for a Community-Based Participatory Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-472X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina M","family":"Kokorelias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8831-7837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean","family":"Valentine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1331-1222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew D","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1198-2292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina B","family":"Wasilewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4161-1572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill I","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6368-679X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephanie","family":"Hatzifilalithis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3977-0523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Chan","family":"Carusone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6487-3287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine L","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7090-9485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline M","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3505-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Landy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2404-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adria","family":"Quigley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7429-5580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hardeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1239-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan M","family":"Stall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5973-4151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula A","family":"Rochon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4406-9697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blessing","family":"Ojembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8447-0218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sachindri","family":"Wijekoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6889-3015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurita T","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1271-8891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviane","family":"Josewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2306-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Zhabokritsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6135-6638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luxey","family":"Sirisegaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1017\/S0714980819000497","article-title":"Successful aging: indigenous men aging in a good way with HIV\/AIDS","volume":"39","author":"Ryan","journal-title":"Can J Aging"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/16094069221139014","article-title":"Adapting cognitive remediation group therapy as an online or hybrid intervention for people aging with HIV and cognitive concerns: focus group protocol","volume":"21","author":"Eaton","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-022-01003-3","article-title":"Ageing with HIV: medicine optimisation challenges and support needs for older people living with HIV: a systematic review","volume":"40","author":"Sarma","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000448567","article-title":"Ageism, aging and HIV: community responses to prevention, treatment, care and support","volume":"42","author":"DeMarco","journal-title":"Interdiscip Top Gerontol Geriatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1310\/hct1102-100","article-title":"Aging and HIV infection: a comparison between older HIV-infected persons and the general population","volume":"11","author":"Onen","journal-title":"HIV Clin Trials"},{"issue":"4","key":"R6","first-page":"102","volume":"27","author":"Aberg","journal-title":"Top Antivir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e223","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnx159","article-title":"Aging and HIV-related caregiving in sub-Saharan Africa: a social ecological approach","volume":"59","author":"Small","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12126","article-title":"The aging population: demographics and the biology of aging","volume":"72","author":"Kanasi","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03477-7","article-title":"Frailty in older people living with HIV: current status and clinical management","volume":"22","author":"Kehler","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.2174\/011570162X335757241111062709","article-title":"A perspective on frailty and its predisposing factors among people living with HIV","volume":"22","author":"Morante-Ruiz","journal-title":"Curr HIV Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-04704-z","article-title":"Ageing with HIV: challenges and coping mechanisms of older adults 50 years and above living with HIV in Uganda","volume":"24","author":"Mbalinda","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt168","article-title":"Is HIV a model of accelerated or accentuated aging?","volume":"69","author":"Pathai","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17569","article-title":"Polypharmacy in older adults with HIV infection: effects on the brain","volume":"70","author":"Smith","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"S1","key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14717","article-title":"An overview of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in older people living with HIV","volume":"24","author":"Yang","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-021-00265-6","article-title":"HIV and aging: double stigma","volume":"8","author":"Brown","journal-title":"Curr Epidemiol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00226-6","article-title":"Ageism: the -ism affecting the lives of older people living with HIV","volume":"11","author":"Guaraldi","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"S4","key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S387","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2021.306673","article-title":"Structural HIV stigmatization and discrimination among Latina\/x\/o immigrants: intersections with heterosexism, ageism, and transprejudice","volume":"112","author":"Arreola","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04114-7","article-title":"Understanding geriatric models of care for older adults living with HIV: a scoping review and qualitative analysis","volume":"23","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czl025","article-title":"Expanding the care continuum for HIV\/AIDS: bringing carers into focus","volume":"21","author":"Ogden","journal-title":"Health Policy Plan"},{"issue":"1","key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12127","article-title":"The importance of family and community support for the health of HIV-affected populations in Southern Africa: what do we know and where to from here?","volume":"20","author":"Casale","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1177\/0272684X15614220","article-title":"Perceived family support and antiretroviral adherence in HIV-positive individuals: results from a community-based positive living with HIV study","volume":"36","author":"Poudel","journal-title":"Int Q Community Health Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500275627","article-title":"The role of family caregivers in HIV medication adherence","volume":"18","author":"Beals","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-015-1090-2","article-title":"Informal caregiver characteristics associated with viral load suppression among current or former injection drug users living with HIV\/AIDS","volume":"19","author":"Mitchell","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"R24","first-page":"338","volume":"40","author":"Brown","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soncn.2010.08.005","article-title":"Understanding the experience of caregivers: a focus on transitions","volume":"26","author":"Blum","journal-title":"Semin Oncol Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1017\/jlr.2016.23","article-title":"LGBT older adults, chosen family, and caregiving","volume":"31","author":"Knauer","journal-title":"J law relig"},{"issue":"19","key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e558","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000570","article-title":"Projected costs of informal caregiving for cardiovascular disease: 2015 to 2035: a policy statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"137","author":"Dunbar","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.12927\/hcq.2009.20660","article-title":"Who cares and how much? The imputed economic contribution to the Canadian healthcare system of middle-aged and older unpaid caregivers providing care to the elderly","volume":"12","author":"Hollander","journal-title":"Healthc Q"},{"key":"R29","unstructured":"Value of family caregiving in Canada. University of Alberta; 2022. URL: https:\/\/rapp.ualberta.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2022\/02\/Family-caregiving-worth-97-billion_2022-02-20.pdf [Accessed 06-06-2026]"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1300\/J041v18n03_04","article-title":"HIV\/AIDS caregiving: predictors of well-being and distress","volume":"18","author":"Fredriksen-Goldsen","journal-title":"J Gay Lesbian Soc Serv"},{"key":"R31","unstructured":"Table 4: proportions of impacts of unpaid care on caregivers of children or adults in the last 12 months, by gender, 2022. Statistics Canada. 2022. URL: https:\/\/www150.statcan.gc.ca\/n1\/daily-quotidien\/221108\/t004b-eng.htm [Accessed 06-06-2026]"},{"issue":"5","key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2005.016527","article-title":"Experience-based design: from redesigning the system around the patient to co-designing services with the patient","volume":"15","author":"Bate","journal-title":"Qual Saf Health Care"},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"Framework for innovation. Design Council. 2024. URL: https:\/\/www.designcouncil.org.uk\/our-resources\/framework-for-innovation [Accessed 06-06-2026]"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-016-0399-1","article-title":"Integrated knowledge translation (IKT) in health care: a scoping review","volume":"11","author":"Gagliardi","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/50463","article-title":"Development of the preferred components for co-design in research guideline and checklist: protocol for a scoping review and a modified Delphi process","volume":"12","author":"Munce","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"issue":"9","key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388","article-title":"Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations","volume":"89","author":"O\u2019Brien","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j3453","article-title":"GRIPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research","volume":"358","author":"Staniszewska","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.18865\/ed.29.S2.329","article-title":"Applying a health equity lens to evaluate and inform policy","volume":"29","author":"Douglas","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.08.005","article-title":"Applying an equity lens to interventions: using PROGRESS ensures consideration of socially stratifying factors to illuminate inequities in health","volume":"67","author":"O\u2019Neill","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/26323524221092459","article-title":"Family caregiver inclusion is not a level playing field: toward equity for the chosen families of sexual and gender minority patients","volume":"16","author":"Rosa","journal-title":"Palliat Care Soc Pract"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13099","article-title":"Caregiving to persons living with HIV\/AIDS: experiences of Vietnamese family members","volume":"25","author":"Lundberg","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054788","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities in mental health and socioeconomic status among older women living with HIV: results from the PRIME Study","volume":"98","author":"Solomon","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"R43","volume":"68","author":"Levine","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"Informal caregiver supply and demographic changes: review of the literature. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2021. URL: https:\/\/aspe.hhs.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/migrated_legacy_files\/\/198051\/ICSupplyLR.pdf [Accessed 06-06-2026]"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fredriksen-Goldsen KI Hooyman NR . Caregiving research, services, and policies in historically marginalized communities: where do we go from here. In: Caregiving with Pride. Routledge; 2014:129-145. URL: https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/chapters\/edit\/10.4324\/9780203063651-8\/caregiving-research-services-policies-historically-marginalized-communities-go-karen-fredriksen-goldsen-nancy-hooyman [Accessed 06-06-2026]","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203063651-14"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114628","article-title":"Uncaring landscapes and HIV peer support in the rural Southern United States","volume":"292","author":"Scott","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-9276-11-65","article-title":"Critically examining diversity in end-of-life family caregiving: implications for equitable caregiver support and Canada\u2019s Compassionate Care Benefit","volume":"11","author":"Giesbrecht","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500456565","article-title":"Psychosocial impacts on caregivers of people living with AIDS","volume":"18","author":"Orner","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1177\/0081246314556566","article-title":"Psycho-social experiences and coping among caregivers of people living with HIV\/AIDS in the North-West province of South Africa","volume":"45","author":"Amoateng","journal-title":"S Afr J Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1080\/15381501.2014.912176","article-title":"The impact of caregiver coping strategies and patient level of functioning on perception of caregiver burden among caregivers of persons living with HIV\/AIDS in Kenya","volume":"15","author":"Musangali","journal-title":"J HIV AIDS Soc Serv"},{"issue":"6","key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/s0277-9536(97)00002-6","article-title":"The physical costs of AIDS caregiving","volume":"45","author":"Leblanc","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"R52","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"Kipp","journal-title":"J Int Womens Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10823-010-9129-3","article-title":"Older female caregivers and HIV\/AIDS-related secondary stigma in rural South Africa","volume":"26","author":"Ogunmefun","journal-title":"J Cross Cult Gerontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gny109","article-title":"Caregiving status and health of heterosexual, sexual minority, and transgender adults: results from select U.S. regions in the behavioral risk factor surveillance system 2015 and 2016","volume":"59","author":"Boehmer","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"4","key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13751","article-title":"\u201cIt\u2019s like it\u2019s the old boys club\u201d-the age-related experiences of diverse older women living with HIV: a scoping review and consultative exercise","volume":"26","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13750","article-title":"Editorial Comment on: \u201cIt\u2019s like it\u2019s the old boys Club: the age-related experiences of diverse older women living with HIV: a scoping review and consultative exercise\u201d","volume":"26","author":"S\u0103ndulescu","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.08.016","article-title":"Stigma, fatigue and social breakdown: exploring the impacts of HIV\/AIDS on patient and carer well-being in the Caprivi Region, Namibia","volume":"63","author":"Thomas","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jana.2012.04.007","article-title":"Reasons why persons living with HIV include individuals in their chosen families","volume":"24","author":"Grant","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care"},{"key":"R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NRR.S39504","article-title":"Why people living with HIV\/AIDS exclude individuals from their chosen families","volume":"3","author":"Grant","journal-title":"Nurs Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0515-z","article-title":"Re-focusing the gender lens: caregiving women, family roles and HIV\/AIDS vulnerability in Lesotho","volume":"18","author":"Harrison","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"issue":"11","key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanhl.2024.100649","article-title":"Navigating complex care for older women with HIV: role of geriatrician support","volume":"5","author":"Sirisegaram","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev"},{"key":"R62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Porter KE Brennan-Ing M . The intersection of transgender identities, HIV, and aging. In: Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Health and Aging. Springer; 2019:61-77. [doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-95031-0_4]","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-95031-0_4"},{"issue":"10","key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-015-3359-6","article-title":"A look at person-centered and family-centered care among older adults: results from a national survey","volume":"30","author":"Wolff","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4394-5","article-title":"Towards a universal model of family centered care: a scoping review","volume":"19","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Robert G . 14 participatory action research: using experience-based co-design to improve the quality of healthcare services. In: Understanding and Using Health Experiences\u2013Improving Patient Care. Oxford; 2013:138-149. [doi: 10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199665372.003.0014]","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199665372.003.0014"},{"issue":"1","key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.11124\/JBISRIR-2017-003655","article-title":"Experience based co-design in acute healthcare services: a scoping review protocol","volume":"17","author":"Kynoch","journal-title":"JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep"},{"key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/16094069231205189","article-title":"Co-creating socio-culturally-appropriate virtual geriatric care for older adults living with HIV: a community-based participatory, intersectional protocol","volume":"22","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2022.2129597","article-title":"Toward good practice in thematic analysis: avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a researcher","volume":"24","author":"Braun","journal-title":"Int J Transgend Health"},{"issue":"S4","key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S344","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2022.306729","article-title":"The problem with intersectional stigma and HIV equity research","volume":"112","author":"Bowleg","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-022-01801-6","article-title":"Shifting the narrative: equity, evidence, effectiveness, and innovation in the era of Ending the HIV Epidemic","volume":"21","author":"Perez","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216320917875","article-title":"Caregiving at the margins: an ethnographic exploration of family caregivers experiences providing care for structurally vulnerable populations at the end-of-life","volume":"34","author":"Stajduhar","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zierler S Krieger N . Reframing women\u2019s risk: social inequalities and HIV infection. In: Women, Medicine, Ethics and the Law. Routledge; 2017:401-436. [doi: 10.4324\/9781003073789-20]","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003073789-20"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-2197-0","article-title":"Stigma, HIV and health: a qualitative synthesis","volume":"15","author":"Chambers","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/swr002","article-title":"Culturally competent social work research: methodological considerations for research with language minorities","volume":"57","author":"Casado","journal-title":"Soc Work"},{"key":"R75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2023.09.017","article-title":"Using PROGRESS-plus to identify current approaches to the collection and reporting of equity-relevant data: a scoping review","volume":"163","author":"Karran","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"R76","unstructured":"Guidelines for gender-affirming primary care with trans and non-binary patients. Rainbow Health Ontario; 2023. URL: https:\/\/www.rainbowhealthontario.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Guidelines-FINAL-4TH-EDITION-With-2023-Updates.pdf [Accessed 06-06-2026]"},{"issue":"9","key":"R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2017.1411691","article-title":"A critical analysis and applied intersectionality framework with intercultural queer couples","volume":"65","author":"Chan","journal-title":"J Homosex"},{"issue":"2","key":"R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/07317115.2018.1456500","article-title":"The intersectionality of stigmas among key populations of older adults affected by HIV: a thematic analysis","volume":"42","author":"Johnson Shen","journal-title":"Clin Gerontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1017\/S0003055414000094","article-title":"Rethinking care ethics: on the promise and potential of an intersectional analysis","volume":"108","author":"Hankivsky","journal-title":"Am Polit Sci Rev"},{"issue":"Supplement_1","key":"R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igaa057.2560","article-title":"The impact of intersectional identities on older people with HIV","volume":"4","author":"Brennan-Ing","journal-title":"Innov Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"R81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0306225","article-title":"Age-related experiences of diverse older women living with HIV: a scoping review protocol informed by intersectionality","volume":"19","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"R82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3316\/QRJ1102063","article-title":"Purposeful sampling in qualitative research synthesis","volume":"11","author":"Suri","journal-title":"Qual Res J"},{"issue":"4","key":"R83","first-page":"255","volume":"16","author":"Lambert","journal-title":"Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"R84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X17749386","article-title":"Quantifying thematic saturation in qualitative data analysis","volume":"30","author":"Lowe","journal-title":"Field methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"R85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/capr.12360","article-title":"Can I use TA? Should I use TA? Should I not use TA? Comparing reflexive thematic analysis and other pattern\u2010based qualitative analytic approaches","volume":"21","author":"Braun","journal-title":"Couns Psychother Res"},{"key":"R86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braun V Clarke V Hayfield N Davey L Jenkinson E . Doing reflexive thematic analysis. In: Supporting Research in Counselling and Psychotherapy. Springer; 2023:19-38. [doi: 10.1007\/978-3-031-13942-0_2]","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-13942-0_2"},{"issue":"2","key":"R87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1704846","article-title":"To saturate or not to saturate? Questioning data saturation as a useful concept for thematic analysis and sample-size rationales","volume":"13","author":"Braun","journal-title":"Qual Res Sport Exerc Health"},{"key":"R88","volume":"3","author":"Welsh","journal-title":"Forum Qual Soc Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"R89","first-page":"163","volume":"52","author":"Spinuzzi","journal-title":"Tech Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"R90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1177\/00187208211037465","article-title":"Maximizing the benefits of participatory design for human\u2013robot interaction research with older adults","volume":"64","author":"Rogers","journal-title":"Hum Factors"},{"issue":"1","key":"R91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.35680\/2372-0247.1104","article-title":"Applying experience-based co-design with vulnerable populations: lessons from a systematic review of methods to involve patients, families and service providers in child and youth mental health service improvement","volume":"3","author":"Mulvale","journal-title":"Patient Exp J"},{"issue":"4","key":"R92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-240x(200008)23:4<334::aid-nur9>3.0.co;2-g","article-title":"Whatever happened to qualitative description?","volume":"23","author":"Sandelowski","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"key":"R93","unstructured":"Value institute summit seeks to redefine health care. TEXAS Global. URL: https:\/\/global.utexas.edu\/news\/value-institute-summit-seeks-redefine-health-care [Accessed 09-06-2026]"},{"issue":"1","key":"R94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01181-5","article-title":"Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR outcomes addendum","volume":"17","author":"Damschroder","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"R95","first-page":"27","volume":"5","author":"Wet","journal-title":"Qual Res J"},{"key":"R96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.06.025","article-title":"Participation bias, self-selection bias, and response bias","author":"Elston","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"R97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582241242703","article-title":"Adapting cognitive remediation group therapy online: focus groups with people aging with HIV","volume":"23","author":"Eaton","journal-title":"J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"R98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313879","article-title":"Exploring caregiver experiences and support needs in end-of-life care for people living with HIV: a scoping review protocol","volume":"19","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"R99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/65730","article-title":"Exploring the perspectives of older adults living with HIV on virtual care: qualitative study","volume":"7","author":"Kokorelias","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"}],"container-title":["JMIR Research Protocols"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2026\/1\/e94520","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T22:23:31Z","timestamp":1785536611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.researchprotocols.org\/2026\/1\/e94520"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":99,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/94520","relation":{},"ISSN":["1929-0748"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1929-0748","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"article-number":"v15i2e94520"}}