{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:46:18Z","timestamp":1791906378639,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Med Educ"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Simulation-based education is increasingly used in medical training to safely develop clinical skills. However, the perceived relevance of a simulation (\u201cutility value\u201d) to a learner\u2019s future work may influence its effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"objective\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated a digital radiology simulation module for medical technical assistant trainees in Germany, examining learning gains, group differences in motivational variables, and the moderating role of utility value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty German medical technical assistant trainees (including 24 specializing in radiology and 26 focused on laboratory medicine) completed a pretest and posttest requiring them to arrange 12 steps of a contrast injection procedure in the correct order. All participants then engaged in an interactive computer simulation of the procedure. After the simulation, trainees rated their self-efficacy, as well as the intrinsic value and perceived utility value of the simulation. Learning gains were analyzed using a mixed-design ANOVA on the Spearman footrule distance composite score, and group differences in motivational variables were tested using independent-sample 2-tailed\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests. The moderating role of utility value on learning gains was examined using a mixed-design analysis of covariance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Trainees showed significant improvement in procedural sequencing from pretest to posttest (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>1,48<\/jats:sub>\n                      =22.05;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.001; \u03b7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.103), indicating effective learning across both groups. Radiology-specialized trainees reported higher utility value for the training than laboratory-focused trainees (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>46<\/jats:sub>\n                      =4.43;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.001; Cohen\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      =1.28), whereas no group differences emerged in intrinsic value or self-efficacy. Contrary to our hypothesis, perceived utility value did not significantly moderate learning gains (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>1,46<\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.92;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =.34).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The simulation produced robust learning gains regardless of learner specialization or perceived relevance. While utility value perception differed markedly between groups, it did not translate into differential learning outcomes, suggesting that well-designed simulations can be effective across learners with varying levels of task relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/97489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:47:36Z","timestamp":1788450456000},"page":"e97489-e97489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Simulation-Based Radiology Training for Medical Technical Assistant Trainees: Quasi-Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5758-1948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias J","family":"Witti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0384-1135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9phine-Charlotte","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1593-3543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constanze","family":"Richters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2415-5053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Sch\u00f6nberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0996-3481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary-Anne","family":"de Ruijter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6821-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alina","family":"Stortz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5137-5237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melanie","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6919-3802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raisa","family":"Kiriakidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8241-8723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Stadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wertz CI Wagner J Ward TM Mickelsen W . Using simulation in radiographic science education. In: Teaching, Learning, and Leading With Computer Simulations. IGI Global; 2020:37-67. [doi: 10.4018\/978-1-7998-0004-0.ch002]","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-0004-0.ch002"},{"issue":"1","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-020-01531-2","article-title":"Research on simulation in radiography education: a scoping review protocol","volume":"9","author":"Vestb\u00f8stad","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654320933544","article-title":"Simulation-based learning in higher education: a meta-analysis","volume":"90","author":"Chernikova","journal-title":"Rev Educ Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590500046924","article-title":"Features and uses of high-fidelity medical simulations that lead to effective learning: a BEME systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Issenberg","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"issue":"3","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.572","article-title":"Simulation-based education for medical radiation students: a scoping review","volume":"69","author":"Chau","journal-title":"J Med Radiat Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1006\/ceps.1999.1015","article-title":"Expectancy-value theory of achievement motivation","volume":"25","author":"Wigfield","journal-title":"Contemp Educ Psychol"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.53.100901.135153","article-title":"Motivational beliefs, values, and goals","volume":"53","author":"Eccles","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"8","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1037\/edu0000343","article-title":"The benefits of combining value for the self and others in utility-value interventions","volume":"111","author":"Priniski","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/85139","article-title":"Interprofessional training in virtual reality for health care: experimental study on procedural knowledge and willingness to collaborate","volume":"12","author":"Bauer","journal-title":"JMIR Med Educ"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cedpsych.2016.09.003","article-title":"Assessing task values in five subjects during secondary school: measurement structure and mean level differences across grade level, gender, and academic subject","volume":"48","author":"Gaspard","journal-title":"Contemp Educ Psychol"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chbr.2024.100454","article-title":"The relation between learners\u2019 experience in simulations and diagnostic accuracy: generalizability across medical and teacher education","volume":"15","author":"Chernikova","journal-title":"Comput Hum Behav Rep"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"jamovi. URL: https:\/\/www.jamovi.org [Accessed 22-09-2026]"},{"issue":"4","key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019506","article-title":"Enhancing interest and performance with a utility value intervention","volume":"102","author":"Hulleman","journal-title":"J Educ Psychol"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-016-0672-7","article-title":"Effectiveness of simulation-based nursing education depending on fidelity: a meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Kim","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"9","key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/medu.14152","article-title":"Effective virtual patient simulators for medical communication training: a systematic review","volume":"54","author":"Lee","journal-title":"Med Educ"}],"container-title":["JMIR Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:01:29Z","timestamp":1791903689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/mededu.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e97489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"references-count":15,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/97489","relation":{},"ISSN":["2369-3762"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2369-3762","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"article-number":"v12i1e97489"}}