{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:56:38Z","timestamp":1790967398097,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"JMIR Publications Inc.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JMIR Med Inform"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Health data management during disasters enables responders to assess the needs of survivors, efficiently allocate resources, and monitor survivors\u2019 health conditions. However, government agencies need to interpret health data in real time during disasters because the volume and complexity of such data can hinder timely decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n In this study, we aimed to develop a visual interface for Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR)\u2013based data from various sources, using the daily report form of the World Health Organization (WHO) Emergency Medical Teams Minimum Data Set (EMT MDS) as a template and ensuring compliance with the SATUSEHAT platform.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The proposed solution involves creating a dashboard application within a web-based system to visualize health data using FHIR, leveraging the WHO EMT MDS disaster profile. The interface includes Overview, Location, and Demography pages that display information in tables, graphs, and maps. This application was developed using JavaScript and React. The dataset consisted of 13,300 synthetic patient records generated using Synthea, subsequently modified with GPT-5, and stored on the Health Level 7 (HL7) Application Programming Interface (HAPI) FHIR server.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n We developed a dashboard application based on the WHO EMT MDS Daily Reporting Form comprising 3 main pages: Overview, Demography, and Location. The Demography page contains several sections, including the total number of patients, health conditions, outcomes, relationships, and protection. The Location page lists all health care facilities, along with their corresponding locations, on a map. Each Location page displays detailed information regarding the organization and demographics of the respective location.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The dashboard application demonstrates that health data collected in accordance with FHIR standards can be integrated and presented in a form suitable for disaster response. This dashboard has the potential to support disaster management agencies by enabling real-time, data-driven decision-making during disaster response.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2196\/98818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:43:31Z","timestamp":1790966611000},"page":"e98818-e98818","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Standardizing Disaster Health Data Visualization Using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources in Indonesia: Dashboard Development and Technical Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.2196","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6741-6834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiro Putra","family":"Faisal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-6202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaharu","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1010","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.18502\/ijph.v50i8.6799","article-title":"Disaster preparedness and mitigation in Indonesia: a narrative review","volume":"50","author":"Ayuningtyas","journal-title":"Iran J Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012043","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/1192\/1\/012043","article-title":"Hydrometeorological hazard detection and warning for risk reduction in West Java, Indonesia","volume":"1192","author":"Tejakusuma","journal-title":"IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci"},{"key":"R3","unstructured":"Indonesia: IHCP situation report #10 on floods, flash floods, and landslides in Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra provinces (23 January 2026). Indonesian Humanitarian Coordination Platform; 2026."},{"issue":"3","key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.3390\/su14031488","article-title":"The application of Hospital Safety Index for analyzing primary healthcare center (PHC) disaster and emergency preparedness","volume":"14","author":"Lestari","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"6","key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2020.143","article-title":"Strengthening primary health care: emergency and disaster preparedness in community with multidisciplinary approach","volume":"15","author":"Mawardi","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"issue":"5","key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_154_19","article-title":"Medical problem in Asia Pacific and ways to solve it: the roles of primary care\/family physician (Indonesia Xperience)","volume":"8","author":"Werdhani","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2023.217","article-title":"Challenges faced by medical rescue teams during disaster response: a systematic review study","volume":"17","author":"Kuday","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"issue":"4","key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.5152\/turkjnephrol.2023.23618","article-title":"Challenges and solutions for data collection related to nephrological problems following disasters","volume":"32","author":"Tu\u011flular","journal-title":"Turk J Nephrol"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2017.09.037","article-title":"Emergency decision making for natural disasters: an overview","volume":"27","author":"Zhou","journal-title":"Int J Disaster Risk Reduct"},{"issue":"S1","key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X17002473","article-title":"Emergency medical team working group for minimum data set","volume":"32","author":"Benin-Goren","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"},{"key":"R11","unstructured":"Blueprint of digital health transformation strategy 2024 [Report in Indonesian]. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2021."},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"HL7 FHIR Release 4. URL: https:\/\/hl7.org\/fhir\/R4\/index.html [Accessed 11-04-2025]"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/59651","article-title":"Implementation of the World Health Organization minimum dataset for emergency medical teams to create disaster profiles for the Indonesian SATUSEHAT platform using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources: development and validation study","volume":"12","author":"Faisal","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Forge. SIMPLIFIER.NET. URL: https:\/\/simplifier.net\/forge [Accessed 06-11-2023]"},{"key":"R15","unstructured":"React. URL: https:\/\/react.dev\/ [Accessed 11-04-2026]"},{"key":"R16","unstructured":"Leaflet. URL: https:\/\/leafletjs.com\/ [Accessed 11-04-2026]"},{"key":"R17","unstructured":"Documentation. NestJS. URL: https:\/\/docs.nestjs.com\/ [Accessed 11-04-2025]"},{"issue":"3","key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocx079","article-title":"Synthea: an approach, method, and software mechanism for generating synthetic patients and the synthetic electronic health care record","volume":"25","author":"Walonoski","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"R19","unstructured":"Introducing GPT-5. OpenAI. 2025. URL: https:\/\/openai.com\/index\/introducing-gpt-5\/ [Accessed 02-02-2026]"},{"key":"R20","unstructured":"HAPI FHIR. URL: https:\/\/hapifhir.io\/ [Accessed 11-04-2025]"},{"key":"R21","unstructured":"What is Docker? IBM. 2024. URL: https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/docker [Accessed 11-04-2025]"},{"key":"R22","unstructured":"Chrome DevTools. Chrome for Developers. URL: https:\/\/developer.chrome.com\/docs\/devtools\/ [Accessed 24-02-2026]"},{"key":"R23","unstructured":"Regulations on the implementation of life science and medical research involving human subjects at Tohoku University [Article in Japanese]. Tohoku University. 2015. URL: https:\/\/www.bureau.tohoku.ac.jp\/kenkyo\/fb\/files\/human\/1.pdf [Accessed 11-09-2026]"},{"issue":"6","key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1017\/S1049023X22001406","article-title":"First activation of the WHO emergency medical team minimum data set in the 2019 response to tropical cyclone Idai in Mozambique","volume":"37","author":"Kubo","journal-title":"Prehosp Disaster Med"},{"key":"R25","unstructured":"BNPB regulation no. 7 of 2023 concerning guidelines for the implementation of standard data on disaster incidents and impacts [Article in Indonesian]. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana. URL: https:\/\/data.bnpb.go.id\/dataset\/juklak-standar-data-kejadian-dan-dampak-bencana [Accessed 27-09-2026]"},{"key":"R26","unstructured":"Minister of Health regulation number 75 of 2019 concerning health crisis management [Article in Indonesian]. Kementerian Kesehatan Indonesia. URL: https:\/\/peraturan.bpk.go.id\/Details\/138674\/permenkes-no-75-tahun-2019 [Accessed 08-08-2023]"},{"key":"R27","unstructured":"Pedoman nasional penanggulangan krisis kesehatan [Report in Indonesian]. Pusat Krisis Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2023."},{"issue":"2","key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1550147719829960","article-title":"Case studies of communications systems during harsh environments: a review of approaches, weaknesses, and limitations to improve quality of service","volume":"15","author":"EL Khaled","journal-title":"Int J Distrib Sens Netw"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomm.2025.1632436","article-title":"Disaster communication in the digital age: a community-based case study of media, education, and local knowledge in Pangandaran, Indonesia","volume":"10","author":"Rizal","journal-title":"Front Commun"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/716\/1\/012128","article-title":"Implementation of smart city concept: a case of Jakarta Smart City, Indonesia","volume":"716","author":"Syalianda","journal-title":"IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46799\/ajesh.v4i5.615","article-title":"Experience of Health Emergency Operations Center (HEOC) activation in Tagulandang, Sitaro District","volume":"4","author":"Edah","journal-title":"AJESH"},{"issue":"3","key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.7454\/kesmas.v20i3.2123","article-title":"Understanding user needs in health crisis risk monitoring information system development: a lesson from Tasikmalaya District, Indonesia","volume":"20","author":"Iman","journal-title":"Kesmas"},{"key":"R33","unstructured":"Osmar S Adi AW Wiguna S Shabrina FZ Rizqi A Putra AS et al. Risiko Bencana Indonesia: Memahami Risiko Sistemik di Indonesia [Book in Indonesian]. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana; 2023. ISBN: 9786025693298"},{"issue":"1","key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamiaopen\/ooaf123","article-title":"Leveraging generative AI to enhance Synthea model development","volume":"9","author":"Kramer","journal-title":"JAMIA Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3763","article-title":"Potential biases in machine learning algorithms using electronic health record data","volume":"178","author":"Gianfrancesco","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"6464","key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax2342","article-title":"Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations","volume":"366","author":"Obermeyer","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-021-00751-8","article-title":"Synthetic data in machine learning for medicine and healthcare","volume":"5","author":"Chen","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"R38","unstructured":"Riquelme A Costa P Martinez C . Large language models for automating clinical data standardization: HL7 FHIR use case. arXiv. Preprint posted online on Jul 3, 2025. [doi: 10.48550\/arXiv.2507.03067]"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2019-209012","article-title":"What is the inter-rater agreement of injury classification using the WHO minimum data set for emergency medical teams?","volume":"37","author":"Jafar","journal-title":"Emerg Med J"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2018.10.130","article-title":"Efficient enriching of synthesized relational patient data with time series data","volume":"141","author":"Schiff","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-019-0793-0","article-title":"The validity of synthetic clinical data: a validation study of a leading synthetic data generator (Synthea) using clinical quality measures","volume":"19","author":"Chen","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"R42","unstructured":"Nielsen J . Usability Engineering. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers; 1994. ISBN: 9780080520292"},{"issue":"3","key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290410001669914","article-title":"A study on tolerable waiting time: how long are web users willing to wait?","volume":"23","author":"Nah","journal-title":"Behav Inf Technol"},{"key":"R44","unstructured":"Tracker performance at scale. DHIS2 Documentation. URL: https:\/\/docs.dhis2.org\/en\/implement\/tracker-implementation\/tracker-performance-at-scale.html [Accessed 17-08-2026]"},{"issue":"1","key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01708-w","article-title":"SQL on FHIR - tabular views of FHIR data using FHIRPath","volume":"8","author":"Grimes","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"R46","unstructured":"App launch: launch and authorization. HL7 International. URL: https:\/\/build.fhir.org\/ig\/HL7\/smart-app-launch\/app-launch.html [Accessed 12-06-2025]"},{"issue":"5","key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocv189","article-title":"SMART on FHIR: a standards-based, interoperable apps platform for electronic health records","volume":"23","author":"Mandel","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2023.105336","article-title":"Privacy concerns among the users of a national patient portal: a cross-sectional population survey study","volume":"183","author":"Kyyts\u00f6nen","journal-title":"Int J Med Inform"},{"issue":"9","key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/19818","article-title":"Doctors routinely share health data electronically under HIPAA, and sharing with patients and patients' third-party health apps is consistent: interoperability and privacy analysis","volume":"22","author":"Savage","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16091490","article-title":"PAX: using pseudonymization and anonymization to protect patients\u2019 identities and data in the healthcare system","volume":"16","author":"Al-Zubaidie","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3381034","article-title":"Anonymization and pseudonymization of FHIR resources for secondary use of healthcare data","volume":"12","author":"Raso","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2025.110624","article-title":"A flexible two-stage anonymization framework for narrative medical records adapting to various language models","volume":"195","author":"Jia","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"}],"container-title":["JMIR Medical Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:43:35Z","timestamp":1790966615000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medinform.jmir.org\/2026\/1\/e98818"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"references-count":52,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/98818","relation":{},"ISSN":["2291-9694"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2291-9694","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"article-number":"v14i8e98818"}}