{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:45:47Z","timestamp":1786373147912,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NRF-2019M3E5D3073102 and NRF-2023R1A2C2003479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2019M3E5D3073102 and NRF-2023R1A2C2003479"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003665","name":"National IT Industry Promotion Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. S0252-21-1001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. S0252-21-1001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["H123C0679"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H123C0679"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) were younger and had fewer comorbid metabolic disorders, despite poor glycemic control.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The relationship between eGFR and incident cardiovascular disease showed an inverted J-shaped pattern, which was highest among low filtration, followed by GHF.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>GHF was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly myocardial infarction and heart failure.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The effects of glomerular hyperfiltration (GHF) on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study enrolled 1,952,053 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2015 and 2016. On the basis of age- and sex-specific eGFR percentiles, patients were classified into five groups: &lt;5 (low filtration), 5\u201340, 40\u201360, 60\u201395, and &gt;95 (GHF). Patients with incident CVD (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure) were followed up until December 2022.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CVD occurred in 214,111 patients (11%). The incidence rates were 36.1, 20.8, 18.3, 18.7, and 19.3 per 1000 person-years for the eGFR groups, respectively. Low filtration (hazard ratio [HR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53 to 1.59) and GHF (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.15) were associated with higher CVD risk adjusted for covariates than that of the eGFR 40\u201360 percentile, showing an inverted J-shaped relationship. GHF was associated with a higher risk of MI (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.11) and heart failure (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.20) and with a higher risk of stroke. eGFR was associated with CVD risk across subgroups of age, sex, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. The effect of GHF on CVD may be greater in younger patients (HR=1.30, 1.17, and 1.05 in &lt;40, 40\u201360, and \u226565 years old, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GHF was associated with CVD, particularly MI and heart failure. Screening for GHF in the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus may be beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.0000000618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]],"date-time":"2025-01-09T12:02:41Z","timestamp":1736424161000},"page":"410-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of Glomerular Hyperfiltration on Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3336-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Min","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of 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Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1907-2859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Hee","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1569-3068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun Sung","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1927-2618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji A.","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of 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