{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T18:02:16Z","timestamp":1791655336955,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DK072367"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK072367"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DK090070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK090070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 HL172073"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL172073"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R03 DK131246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R03 DK131246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 DK132342"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK132342"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01DK131046"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK131046"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006984","name":"Irma T. Hirschl Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Irma T. Hirschl Career Scientist Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Irma T. Hirschl Career Scientist Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006984","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"\n Key Points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Serum glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) levels were significantly associated with higher fibroblast growth factor 23 levels in ESKD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Pathway and mediation analyses identified the pentose phosphate pathway as the top mediator of the relationship between serum G3P and fibroblast growth factor 23.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The role of G3P in ESKD provides new insights into potential therapeutic targets for CKD-mineral and bone disorder.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a key regulator of mineral metabolism that is independently associated with mortality in patients with ESKD. Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P), a byproduct of glycolysis that can be derived from injured kidneys, stimulates FGF23 production. We aimed to determine if serum G3P is associated with FGF23 levels in patients with ESKD and identify potential molecular pathways that mediate their relationship.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a cross-sectional study of 99 nondiabetic patients with ESKD on hemodialysis. We used linear regression to examine the association between G3P terciles and log-transformed C-terminal FGF23 levels, adjusting for demographics, coronary artery disease, serum calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone. Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n tests compared 247 serum metabolite levels between the first and third FGF23 terciles; significant metabolites (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.01) were selected for pathway enrichment analyses. Top pathway scores were used in mediation analyses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The median age of participants was 54 years (interquartile range [IQR], 44\u201363), 38% were women, 71% self-identified as Black, and 27% had coronary artery disease. The median FGF23 level was 777 (interquartile range, 222\u20131310) RU\/ml. In adjusted analyses, compared with participants with the lowest G3P tercile, those with the highest G3P tercile had a 95% higher FGF23 level (95% Confidence Interval, 6% to 260%;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.04). Of the 27 metabolites significantly associated with FGF23 levels, pathway enrichment analysis identified the pentose phosphate pathway as the top hit (impact score=0.33, false discovery rate-adjusted\n P<\/jats:italic>\n value = 0.01). The pentose phosphate pathway mediated the relationship between G3P and FGF23, resulting in a 62% change in the\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n coefficient.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In nondiabetic patients with ESKD on hemodialysis, serum G3P positively correlated with serum C-terminal FGF23, and this relationship was mediated by the pentose phosphate pathway. Exploring the pentose phosphate pathway could yield critical mechanistic insights into the regulation of FGF23, enhancing our understanding of its broader biologic functions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.0000000871","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T16:00:13Z","timestamp":1760716813000},"page":"211-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between Serum Glycerol-3-Phosphate and Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 in Nondiabetic Patients on Hemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5436-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott M.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7075-467X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shari","family":"Zaslow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0099-0484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Sozio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1210-7115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernard G.","family":"Jaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7983-0127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farzana","family":"Perwad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Nephrology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4783-7046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cassiane","family":"Robinson-Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8902-9576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Estrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Health Research Collaborative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California"},{"name":"San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0144-9294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6313-5752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rulan S.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's College Hospital and Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1364-6102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"},{"name":"Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"},{"name":"Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1159\/000520466","article-title":"Causes of death in end-stage kidney disease: comparison between the United States renal data system and a large integrated health care system","volume":"53","author":"Bhandari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol."},{"issue":"13","key":"B2-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041031","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization","volume":"351","author":"Go","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5712","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56377-8","article-title":"Role of klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 in arterial calcification, thickness, and stiffness: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"14","author":"Wungu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientific Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"B4-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4758.2010.00480.x","article-title":"Plasma fibroblast growth factor-23 levels are independently associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis in maintenance hemodialysis patients","volume":"14","author":"Balci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hemodial Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"B5-20260318","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO 2017 clinical practice guideline update for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)","volume":"7","author":"Ketteler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl."},{"issue":"1","key":"B6-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.271","article-title":"Early chronic kidney disease\u2013mineral bone disorder stimulates vascular calcification","volume":"85","author":"Fang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"7689","key":"B7-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25451","article-title":"\u03b1-Klotho is a non-enzymatic molecular scaffold for FGF23 hormone signalling","volume":"553","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"1","key":"B8-20260318","first-page":"8821292","article-title":"FGF23: a review of its role in mineral metabolism and renal and cardiovascular disease","volume":"2021","author":"Kurpas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dis Markers."},{"issue":"10","key":"B9-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp205","article-title":"Relationship between circulating FGF23 and total body atherosclerosis in the community","volume":"24","author":"Mirza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"1","key":"B10-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn620","article-title":"Does FGF23 toxicity influence the outcome of chronic kidney disease?","volume":"24","author":"Razzaque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"4","key":"B11-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.10.019","article-title":"Calciprotein particles regulate fibroblast growth factor-23 expression in osteoblasts","volume":"97","author":"Akiyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"11","key":"B12-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e427","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2017.167882","article-title":"Erythropoietin stimulates murine and human fibroblast growth factor-23, revealing novel roles for bone and bone marrow","volume":"102","author":"Clinkenbeard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"issue":"2","key":"B13-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2003.12.102","article-title":"FGF-23 transgenic mice demonstrate hypophosphatemic rickets with reduced expression of sodium phosphate cotransporter type IIa","volume":"314","author":"Shimada","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"B14-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F882","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00360.2010","article-title":"PTH increases FGF23 gene expression and mediates the high-FGF23 levels of experimental kidney failure: a bone parathyroid feedback loop","volume":"299","author":"Lavi-Moshayoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"B15-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI131190","article-title":"Glycerol-3-phosphate is an FGF23 regulator derived from the injured kidney","volume":"130","author":"Simic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"4","key":"B16-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000715","article-title":"Glycerol-3-phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 23 regulation","volume":"30","author":"Simic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens."},{"issue":"1","key":"B17-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0050-4","article-title":"Rationale and design for the predictors of arrhythmic and cardiovascular risk in end stage renal disease (PACE) study","volume":"16","author":"Parekh","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"B18-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.024","article-title":"A positive\/negative ion\u2013switching, targeted mass spectrometry\u2013based metabolomics platform for bodily fluids, cells, and fresh and fixed tissue","volume":"7","author":"Yuan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"issue":"2","key":"B19-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0004422020","article-title":"Identification of novel biomarkers and pathways for coronary artery calcification in nondiabetic patients on hemodialysis using metabolomic profiling","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney360."},{"issue":"10","key":"B20-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.07.033","article-title":"Calcification biomarkers, subclinical vascular disease, and mortality among multiethnic dialysis patients","volume":"5","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"B21-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4875","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa665","article-title":"Intact and C-terminal FGF23 assays-do kidney function, inflammation, and low iron influence relationships with outcomes?","volume":"105","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"B22-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Personal Soc Psychol."},{"key":"B23-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542","article-title":"Mediation analysis","volume":"58","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Rev Psychol."},{"issue":"W1","key":"B24-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W398","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae253","article-title":"MetaboAnalyst 6.0: towards a unified platform for metabolomics data processing, analysis and interpretation","volume":"52","author":"Pang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"23","key":"B25-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2432","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.826","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 and risks of mortality and end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"305","author":"Isakova","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"2","key":"B26-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.31351\/vol27iss2pp150-158","article-title":"Effects of aldosterone, osteoprotegerin and fibroblast growth Factor-23 and some biochemical markers in chronic kidney disease patients (stage II-IV) among patients with or without cardiovascular events","volume":"27","author":"Ameen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iraqi J Pharm Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"B27-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010121224","article-title":"FGF-23 associates with death, cardiovascular events, and initiation of chronic dialysis","volume":"22","author":"Kendrick","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"B28-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI83470","article-title":"FGF23 signaling impairs neutrophil recruitment and host defense during CKD","volume":"126","author":"Rossaint","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"5","key":"B29-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E426","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00264.2014","article-title":"FGF23 directly impairs endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by increasing superoxide levels and reducing nitric oxide bioavailability","volume":"307","author":"Silswal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"B30-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.09.002","article-title":"Activation of cardiac fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 causes left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"22","author":"Grabner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"B31-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02709-w","article-title":"FGF23 is synthesised locally by renal tubules and activates injury-primed fibroblasts","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"B32-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-019-1014-8","article-title":"FGF23 and its role in X-linked hypophosphatemia-related morbidity","volume":"14","author":"Beck-Nielsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis."},{"issue":"17","key":"B33-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020881","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 in oncogenic osteomalacia and X-Linked hypophosphatemia","volume":"348","author":"Jonsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"21","key":"B34-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1714641","article-title":"Burosumab therapy in children with X-linked hypophosphatemia","volume":"378","author":"Carpenter","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B35-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116004","article-title":"Burosumab treatment for fibrous dysplasia","volume":"150","author":"Gladding","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"5","key":"B36-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000631","article-title":"Burosumab in X-linked hypophosphatemia and perspective for chronic kidney disease","volume":"29","author":"Balani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens."},{"issue":"10","key":"B37-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.313","article-title":"Direct evidence for a causative role of FGF23 in the abnormal renal phosphate handling and vitamin D metabolism in rats with early-stage chronic kidney disease","volume":"78","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"7","key":"B38-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI61405","article-title":"FGF23 neutralization improves chronic kidney disease-associated hyperparathyroidism yet increases mortality","volume":"122","author":"Shalhoub","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"3","key":"B39-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000517734","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 regulation and acute kidney injury","volume":"146","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nephron."},{"issue":"3-4","key":"B40-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prostaglandins.2009.02.002","article-title":"Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptors: signaling properties and disease relevance","volume":"91","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat."},{"issue":"8","key":"B41-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e164610","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI164610","article-title":"Kidney glycolysis serves as a mammalian phosphate sensor that maintains phosphate homeostasis","volume":"133","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"issue":"2","key":"B42-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F165","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00311.2024","article-title":"Glycerol-3-phosphate contributes to the increase in FGF23 production in chronic kidney disease","volume":"328","author":"Simic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"B43-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2019.03.003","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus modifies the associations of serum magnesium concentration with arterial calcification and stiffness in incident hemodialysis patients","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"issue":"7","key":"B44-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10070285","article-title":"The pentose phosphate pathway dynamics in cancer and its dependency on intracellular pH","volume":"10","author":"Alfarouk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolites."},{"issue":"24","key":"B45-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16128","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232416128","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases: the hidden players of plant physiology","volume":"23","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"issue":"34","key":"B46-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21420","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31820-3","article-title":"Multiple effects of glycerol on plant cell metabolism. Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance studies","volume":"269","author":"Aubert","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"6174","key":"B47-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245114","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1245114","article-title":"Lost in transition: start-up of glycolysis yields subpopulations of nongrowing cells","volume":"343","author":"van Heerden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science."},{"issue":"10","key":"B48-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000710","article-title":"Network interactions of circulating FGF23, HRG-HMGB1, and cardiac disease in CKD","volume":"36","author":"Perwad","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"B49-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1159\/000488361","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23: a biomarker of kidney function decline","volume":"47","author":"Drew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol."},{"issue":"24","key":"B50-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.861","article-title":"Temporal trends in the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease in the United States","volume":"305","author":"de Boer","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"1","key":"B51-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2011","article-title":"Mechanisms of diabetic complications","volume":"93","author":"Forbes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"issue":"10","key":"B52-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-020-01335-7","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 and adverse clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a bitter-sweet symphony","volume":"20","author":"Yeung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"B53-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2232","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16224","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 predicts incident diabetic kidney disease: a 4.6-year prospective study","volume":"27","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"B54-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-016-0369-5","article-title":"Long term evolution of endothelial function during kidney transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Kensinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol."}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.0000000871","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:42:39Z","timestamp":1786369359000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.0000000871"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.0000000871","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-9041","1555-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-9041","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-14","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}