{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:52:21Z","timestamp":1792788741426,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["2025E110100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025E110100"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["U01DK060990, U01DK060984, U01DK061022, U01DK061021, U01DK061028, U01DK060980, U01DK060963, U01DK060902, and U24DK060990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DK060990, U01DK060984, U01DK061022, U01DK061021, U01DK061028, U01DK060980, U01DK060963, U01DK060902, and U24DK060990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018688","name":"Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2011E3300300, 2012E3301100, 2013E3301600, 2013E3301601, 2013E3301602, 2016E3300200, 2016E3300201, 2016E3300202, 2019E320100, 2019E320101, 2019E320102, and 2022-11-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011E3300300, 2012E3301100, 2013E3301600, 2013E3301601, 2013E3301602, 2016E3300200, 2016E3300201, 2016E3300202, 2019E320100, 2019E320101, 2019E320102, and 2022-11-007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018688","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UL1TR000003, UL1 TR-000424, GCRC M01 RR-16500, UL1TR000439, UL1TR000433, CTSA UL1RR029879, P20 GM109036, UCSFCTSI UL1 RR-024131, NM R01DK119199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000003, UL1 TR-000424, GCRC M01 RR-16500, UL1TR000439, UL1TR000433, CTSA UL1RR029879, P20 GM109036, UCSFCTSI UL1 RR-024131, NM R01DK119199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Risk of all-cause mortality was significantly lower in KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with CKD group than that in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort group.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Asian cohorts exhibited steeper eGFR decline slopes than that of the Black and White cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Tailored clinical approaches and ethnicity-stratified studies are required to improve CKD management.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethnic differences in CKD progression remain understudied, particularly between Asian and Western populations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate ethnic disparities in CKD progression by comparing nationwide cohorts from South Korea (the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients with CKD [KNOW-CKD]) and the United States (the US Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort [CRIC]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4953 participants were included (69% from CRIC and 31% from KNOW-CKD). The primary outcome was CKD progression, defined as a 50% or greater decline of eGFR or kidney failure requiring KRT. In the secondary outcome analysis, we compared eGFR decline rates and all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 4953 participants, CKD progression occurred in 1285 and 570 in the KNOW-CKD and CRIC cohorts, with incidence rates of 67.9 and 41.7 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The hazard ratio for the KNOW-CKD compared with CRIC was 1.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45 to 1.89). The annual eGFR decline was steeper in KNOW-CKD participants than in CRIC participants (\u22122.51 versus \u22121.14 ml\/min per 1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ). Asian participants from the CRIC cohort exhibited a similar eGFR slope (95% CIs) (\u22122.10 [\u22122.69 to \u22121.52]) to those from KNOW-CKD (\u22122.50 [\u22122.67 to \u22121.52]), while the slope was \u22121.47 (\u22121.61 to \u22121.33) and \u22120.81 (\u22120.92 to \u22120.70) ml\/min per 1.73 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      per year for Black and White participants, respectively. However, the risk of mortality was significantly lower in KNOW-CKD participants compared with CRIC participants (hazard ratio, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.68).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CKD progression was faster in the Korean cohort than in the US cohort, with Asian participants in both cohorts showing similar eGFR decline rates. However, the Korean cohort had a lower risk of mortality, indicating potential ethnic or regional differences in disease progression and survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.0000000884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T17:00:17Z","timestamp":1762880417000},"page":"229-241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Ethnic Disparities in CKD Progression"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9056-8503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byounghwi","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan-Young","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5369-2031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ye Eun","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0466-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Hoon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Medical Center, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0913-5289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga Young","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4510-2823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Byung","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4636-5745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheol Ho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6305-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyung Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2325-8982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Tak","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3311-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae Ik","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Medical Center, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-4507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae-Hyun","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin-Wook","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5002-9707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sue Kyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1271-8012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0301-7644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jong Cheol","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaeni","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9525-2179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kook Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1454-4282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda H.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8984-4389","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4649-079X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordana B.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9025-7413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahboob","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7923-5635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Hyeok","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on the behalf of CRIC and KNOW-CKD Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"B1-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00820-6","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the global public health agenda: an international consensus","volume":"20","author":"Francis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev 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