{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:15:04Z","timestamp":1787159704164,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K26DK138333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K26DK138333"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01DK103612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK103612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cardiac biomarkers can provide an easily accessible and noninvasive method of assessing aspects of a patients' underlying cardiovascular health. In doing so, they can serve both as a screening tool for evaluating patients' risk for cardiovascular events and a management tool for evaluating response to directed treatment. Biomarkers serve as surrogates for mechanistic pathways that are relevant for cardiovascular pathophysiology and, as such, have even been used as clinical trial end points. The overall utility of a biomarker is dependent on the reliability and consistency of the assay, the content of the represented information, and its ability to affect clinical care. Several cardiac biomarkers are widely available and routinely used in clinical practice. However, despite significant research into cardiac biomarkers, many have not been translated into routine clinical care of persons with CKD. Interpretation of cardiac biomarkers can be challenging given the possible effects of reduced kidney clearance as well as the contribution of kidney-specific risk facts on circulating levels of the biomarkers. Here, we will provide an overview of the current state of cardiac biomarkers in CKD and whether the biomarker meets the above criteria specifically in persons with CKD. We will focus on several widely used cardiac biomarkers (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      -terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin) as well as select newer promising cardiac biomarkers (soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, galectin-3, and growth differentiation factor-15).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.0000000947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T16:01:21Z","timestamp":1761926481000},"page":"1278-1287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cardiac Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6690-5297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"de Wolski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9583-8628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nisha","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"B1-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.683110","article-title":"Benchmarks for the assessment of novel cardiovascular biomarkers","volume":"115","author":"Morrow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"5","key":"B2-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa272","article-title":"Development, validation, and implementation of biomarker testing in cardiovascular medicine state-of-the-art: proceedings of the European Society of Cardiology\u2014Cardiovascular Round Table","volume":"117","author":"Elliott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"B3-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.122.321748","article-title":"The cardio-kidney patient: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and therapy","volume":"132","author":"Schuett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"B4-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.11.032","article-title":"Renal clearance of B-type natriuretic peptide and amino terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide a mechanistic study in hypertensive subjects","volume":"53","author":"Van Kimmenade","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B5-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2016.254748","article-title":"Interpreting cardiac biomarkers in the setting of chronic kidney disease","volume":"63","author":"deFilippi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chem."},{"issue":"191","key":"B6-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68964-5_15","article-title":"Natriuretic peptides: their structures, receptors, physiologic functions and therapeutic applications","author":"Potter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Handbook Exp Pharmacol."},{"issue":"8","key":"B7-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1139\/y01-052","article-title":"Brain natriuretic peptide appears to act locally as an antifibrotic factor in the heart","volume":"79","author":"Ogawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B8-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-011-0801-z","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac antihypertrophic and antifibrotic effects of natriuretic peptides","volume":"90","author":"Calvieri","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Med (Berl)."},{"issue":"4","key":"B9-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000117070.86556.9F","article-title":"B-type natriuretic peptide exerts broad functional opposition to transforming growth factor-beta in primary human cardiac fibroblasts: fibrosis, myofibroblast conversion, proliferation, and inflammation","volume":"94","author":"Kapoun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"3A","key":"B10-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.11.013","article-title":"Amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide: analytic considerations","volume":"101","author":"Ordonez-Llanos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"B11-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2017-0433","article-title":"New issues on measurement of B-type natriuretic peptides","volume":"56","author":"Clerico","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"B12-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2023.07.018","article-title":"Natriuretic peptide normative levels and deficiency: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"12","author":"Shetty","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"issue":"9","key":"B13-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.06.057","article-title":"Reference limits for N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in healthy individuals (from the Framingham heart study)","volume":"108","author":"Fradley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol."},{"issue":"17","key":"B14-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.929661","article-title":"Multimarker approach for the prediction of heart failure incidence in the 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implications for cardiovascular risk reduction","volume":"76","author":"Januzzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"B18-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.12821","article-title":"Association of change in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide following initiation of Sacubitril-Valsartan treatment with cardiac structure and function in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction","volume":"322","author":"Januzzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"11","key":"B19-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.01.018","article-title":"B-Type natriuretic peptide during treatment with sacubitril\/valsartan: the PARADIGM-HF trial","volume":"73","author":"Myhre","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll 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Transplant."},{"issue":"12","key":"B34-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.066377","article-title":"Variation of NT-proBNP and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T across levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate: the SPRINT trial","volume":"149","author":"Bansal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"issue":"4","key":"B35-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.09060914","article-title":"N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide variability in stable dialysis patients","volume":"10","author":"Fahim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"21","key":"B36-20260723","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e012336","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.012336","article-title":"Cardiac biomarkers and risk of incident heart failure in chronic kidney disease: the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) 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