{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:50:40Z","timestamp":1786373440885,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Israel and the United States are both high-income nations committed to providing universal access to KRT for patients with ESKD. Despite this shared principle, the clinical and economic burden of ESKD is substantial, and each country has developed distinct strategies to deliver and finance care. This manuscript presents a comparative analysis of epidemiology, treatment modalities, and health system approaches to ESKD management in Israel and the United States, reviewing trends in dialysis prevalence, modality utilization, and kidney transplantation between 2012 and 2022, alongside differences in health policy, reimbursement structures, and cost-containment strategies. The United States, which maintains the largest ESKD population worldwide, is characterized by high dialysis prevalence and extensive federal funding through Medicare. Israel, while smaller in scale, demonstrates unique patterns of care shaped by universal health coverage and cost-regulation mechanisms. Marked differences are evident in dialysis prevalence, transplantation rates, and per-patient expenditures. Comparative evaluation of these two health systems illustrates how countries with similar commitments to universal access have developed divergent models for financing and delivering KRT, offering important insights into the impact of health system design on patient care, cost management, cultural differences, and the opportunity to learn from each other.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.0000001004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T17:00:21Z","timestamp":1771002021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Epidemiology of KRT in the United States and Israel"],"prefix":"10.2215","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1894-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keren","family":"Cohen-Hagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5590-9428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayelet","family":"Grupper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4361-3766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yael","family":"Einbinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6714-9413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Namimi-Halevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7193-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Bromberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Allon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"B1-20260311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.1426","article-title":"Medicare advantage enrollment among beneficiaries with end-stage renal disease in the first year of the 21st century cures 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