{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:39:50Z","timestamp":1786372790369,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of palliative care in AKI is not well described. We sought to better understand palliative care practice patterns for hospitalized patients with AKI requiring dialysis in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the 2012 National Inpatient Sample, we identified patients with AKI and palliative care encounters using validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We compared palliative care encounters in patients with AKI requiring dialysis, patients with AKI not requiring dialysis, and patients without AKI. We described the provision of palliative care in patients with AKI requiring dialysis and compared the frequency of palliative care encounters for patients with AKI requiring dialysis with that for patients with other illnesses with similarly poor prognoses. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with the provision of palliative care, adjusting for demographics, hospital-level variables, and patient comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 3,031,036 patients with AKI, of whom 91,850 (3%) received dialysis. We observed significant patient- and hospital-level differences in the provision of palliative care for patients with AKI requiring dialysis; adjusted odds were 26% (95% confidence interval, 12% to 38%) lower in blacks and 23% (95% confidence interval, 3% to 39%) lower in Hispanics relative to whites. Lower provision of palliative care was observed for rural and urban nonteaching hospitals relative to urban teaching hospitals, small and medium hospitals relative to large hospitals, and hospitals in the Northeast compared with the South. After adjusting for age and sex, there was low utilization of palliative care services for patients with AKI requiring dialysis (8%)\u2014comparable with rates of utilization by patients with other illnesses with poor prognosis, including cardiogenic shock (9%), intracranial hemorrhage (10%), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (10%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The provision of palliative care varied widely by patient and facility characteristics. Palliative care was infrequently used in hospitalized patients with AKI requiring dialysis, despite its poor prognosis and the regular application of life-sustaining therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.00270117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]],"date-time":"2017-10-17T20:25:32Z","timestamp":1508271932000},"page":"1744-1752","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Infrequent Provision of Palliative Care to Patients with Dialysis-Requiring AKI"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"Chong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Silver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; and"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanchao","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. Shane","family":"Pankratz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Unruh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn M.","family":"Chertow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05191107","article-title":"Diagnosis, epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury.","volume":"3","author":"Waikar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B2-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02730313","article-title":"Incidence, outcomes, and comparisons across definitions of AKI in hospitalized individuals.","volume":"9","author":"Zeng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B3-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00710113","article-title":"World incidence of AKI: A meta-analysis.","volume":"8","author":"Susantitaphong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B4-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012111115","article-title":"The inexorable rise of AKI: Can we bend the growth curve?","volume":"24","author":"Siew","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B5-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012080800","article-title":"Temporal changes in incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI.","volume":"24","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B6-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005060668","article-title":"Incidence and mortality of acute renal failure in Medicare beneficiaries, 1992 to 2001.","volume":"17","author":"Xue","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B7-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3365","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2004090740","article-title":"Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay, and costs in hospitalized patients.","volume":"16","author":"Chertow","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B8-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.379","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"81","author":"Coca","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B9-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48580","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048580","article-title":"Defining the cause of death in hospitalised patients with acute kidney injury.","volume":"7","author":"Selby","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B10-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0754-4","article-title":"Continuous renal replacement therapy: A worldwide practice survey. 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