{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:45:00Z","timestamp":1786373100560,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pharmacogenomics is a tool for practitioners to provide precision pharmacotherapy using genomics. All providers are likely to encounter genomic data in practice with the expectation that they are able to successfully apply it to patient care. Pharmacogenomics tests for genetic variations in genes that are responsible for drug metabolism, transport, and targets of drug action. Variations can increase the risk for drug toxicity or poor efficacy. Pharmacogenomics can, therefore, be used to help select the best medication or aid in dosing. Nephrologists routinely treat cardiovascular disease and manage patients after kidney transplantation, two situations for which there are several high-evidence clinical recommendations for commonly used anticoagulants, antiplatelets, statins, and transplant medications. Successful use of pharmacogenomics in practice requires that providers are familiar with how to access and use pharmacogenomics resources. Similarly, clinical decision making related to whether to use existing data, whether to order testing, and if data should be used in practice is needed to deliver precision medicine. Pharmacogenomics is applicable to virtually every medical specialty, and nephrologists are well positioned to be implementation leaders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.02730218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T21:25:19Z","timestamp":1586899519000},"page":"1561-1571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Clinical Pharmacogenomics"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5583-0322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solomon M.","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6654-7357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karryn R.","family":"Crisamore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7474-2339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip E.","family":"Empey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy, and"},{"name":"Institute and of Precision Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03960609","article-title":"Review on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and the aging kidney","volume":"5","author":"Aymanns","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B2-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1159\/000180580","article-title":"Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine","volume":"16","author":"Cockcroft","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"B4-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp160682","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics to achieve precision medicine","volume":"73","author":"Empey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"B5-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.96","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics knowledge for personalized medicine","volume":"92","author":"Whirl-Carrillo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B7-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2016.03.008","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters: Relevance to precision medicine","volume":"14","author":"Ahmed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B8-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.12.108","article-title":"HLA and pharmacogenetics of drug hypersensitivity","volume":"13","author":"Pavlos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"B9-20230813","article-title":"Multisite investigation of strategies for the implementation of CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy [published online ahead of print December 26, 2017]","author":"Empey","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B10-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-10-200611210-00007","article-title":"Pharmacogenomics: Challenges and opportunities","volume":"145","author":"Roden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"B11-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318200e991","article-title":"Novel polymorphisms associated with tacrolimus trough concentrations: Results from a multicenter kidney transplant consortium","volume":"91","author":"Jacobson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B12-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e328351d47f","article-title":"PharmGKB summary: Very important pharmacogene information for CYP3A5","volume":"22","author":"Lamba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genomics"},{"key":"B13-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.113","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for CYP3A5 genotype and tacrolimus dosing","volume":"98","author":"Birdwell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B14-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2015.01.002","article-title":"Web resources for pharmacogenomics","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B15-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.34","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics: From bench to byte--an update of guidelines","volume":"89","author":"Swen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B16-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.279","article-title":"CPIC: Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium of the pharmacogenomics research network","volume":"89","author":"Relling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"B17-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00372-X","article-title":"Cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease","volume":"41","author":"Sarnak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B18-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.01.015","article-title":"Precision cardiovascular medicine: State of genetic testing","volume":"92","author":"Giudicessi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"B19-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.112.007252","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics and cardiovascular disease--implications for personalized medicine","volume":"65","author":"Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"B20-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010611-134633","article-title":"Old versus new oral anticoagulants: Focus on pharmacology","volume":"52","author":"Fareed","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"B21-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2001.11927781","article-title":"A review of warfarin dosing and monitoring","volume":"14","author":"Kuruvilla","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Bayl Univ Med Cent"},{"key":"B22-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2008070802","article-title":"Kidney function influences warfarin responsiveness and hemorrhagic complications","volume":"20","author":"Limdi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B23-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.668","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guideline for pharmacogenetics-guided warfarin dosing: 2017 Update","volume":"102","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B24-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1311386","article-title":"A randomized trial of genotype-guided dosing of warfarin","volume":"369","author":"Pirmohamed","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B25-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310669","article-title":"A pharmacogenetic versus a clinical algorithm for warfarin dosing","volume":"369","author":"Kimmel","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B26-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11469","article-title":"Effect of genotype-guided warfarin dosing on clinical events and anticoagulation control among patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty: The GIFT randomized clinical trial","volume":"318","author":"Gage","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B27-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1007\/s40291-014-0121-4","article-title":"Polymorphisms of CYP2C9, VKORC1, MDR1, APOE and UGT1A1 genes and the therapeutic warfarin dose in Brazilian patients with thrombosis: A prospective cohort study","volume":"18","author":"de Oliveira Almeida","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Diagn Ther"},{"key":"B29-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.10","article-title":"Use of pharmacogenetic and clinical factors to predict the therapeutic dose of warfarin","volume":"84","author":"Gage","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B30-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.03.513","article-title":"2016 ACC\/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: A report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"68","author":"Levine","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B31-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.01.027","article-title":"Clopidogrel use before renal artery angioplasty with\/without stent placement resulted in tertiary procedure risk reduction","volume":"56","author":"Mousa","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"B32-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.132","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for cytochrome P450-2C19 (CYP2C19) genotype and clopidogrel therapy","volume":"90","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B33-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.20","article-title":"The effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of clopidogrel: A possible mechanism for clopidogrel resistance","volume":"84","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B34-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.07.022","article-title":"Multisite Investigation of Outcomes With Implementation of CYP2C19 Genotype-Guided Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention","volume":"11","author":"Cavallari","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"B35-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2013.105","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy: 2013 Update","volume":"94","author":"Scott","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B36-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60310-8","article-title":"Intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol with 80 mg versus 20 mg simvastatin daily in 12,064 survivors of myocardial infarction: A double-blind randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Armitage","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B37-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2014.125","article-title":"The clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline for SLCO1B1 and simvastatin-induced myopathy: 2014 Update","volume":"96","author":"Ramsey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"B38-20230813","first-page":"S1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients","volume":"9","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B39-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.320","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for thiopurine methyltransferase genotype and thiopurine dosing","volume":"89","author":"Relling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B40-20230813","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for CYP2C19 and voriconazole therapy [published online ahead of print December 16, 2016]","author":"Moriyama","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B41-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.23.2001","article-title":"Mercaptopurine therapy intolerance and heterozygosity at the thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene locus","volume":"91","author":"Relling","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B42-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-9-199811010-00007","article-title":"Thiopurine methyltransferase genotype predicts therapy-limiting severe toxicity from azathioprine","volume":"129","author":"Black","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"B43-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2011.74","article-title":"Azathioprine-related myelosuppression in a patient homozygous for TPMT*3A","volume":"7","author":"Budhiraja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B44-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100039","article-title":"CYP3A5 genotype markedly influences the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and sirolimus in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"81","author":"Renders","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B45-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12376","article-title":"Tacrolimus dose requirements in African-American and Caucasian kidney transplant recipients on mycophenolate and prednisone","volume":"28","author":"Beermann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B46-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2007.05.012","article-title":"Voriconazole in the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"39","author":"Veroux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B47-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myv099","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of voriconazole helps to decrease the percentage of patients with off-target trough serum levels","volume":"54","author":"Guinea","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"B48-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2888","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000034910.58454.FD","article-title":"A role for uric acid in the progression of renal disease","volume":"13","author":"Kang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B49-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2017.04.006","article-title":"Treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in chronic kidney disease: A new target in an old enemy - A review","volume":"8","author":"Ramirez","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Adv Res"},{"key":"B50-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.08.036","article-title":"Allopurinol is the most common cause of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Europe and Israel","volume":"58","author":"Halevy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B51-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13430","article-title":"Severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions","volume":"43","author":"Chung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"B52-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4134","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0409500102","article-title":"HLA-B*5801 allele as a genetic marker for severe cutaneous adverse reactions caused by allopurinol","volume":"102","author":"Hung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B53-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2012.209","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for human leukocyte antigen-B genotype and allopurinol dosing","volume":"93","author":"Hershfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B54-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.161","article-title":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines for human leukocyte antigen B (HLA-B) genotype and allopurinol dosing: 2015 Update","volume":"99","author":"Saito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B55-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.164","article-title":"Diabetic nephropathy: Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment","volume":"28","author":"Gross","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B56-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.735","article-title":"Common variants near ATM are associated with glycemic response to metformin in type 2 diabetes","volume":"43","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B57-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/GIM.0b013e318064e70c","article-title":"Indications for genetic referral: A guide for healthcare providers","volume":"9","author":"Pletcher","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"B58-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp160104","article-title":"Educational strategies to enable expansion of pharmacogenomics-based care","volume":"73","author":"Weitzel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"B59-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe8013","article-title":"Advancing pharmacogenomics education in the core PharmD curriculum through student personal genomic testing","volume":"80","author":"Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"B60-20230813","first-page":"1","article-title":"Good laboratory practices for molecular genetic testing for heritable diseases and conditions","volume":"58","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"B61-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3493","article-title":"Molecular genetic testing and the future of clinical genomics","volume":"14","author":"Katsanis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"B62-20230813","first-page":"pii: RRN1180","article-title":"Genetic testing for CYP450 polymorphisms to predict response to clopidogrel: Current evidence and test availability. Application: Pharmacogenomics","volume":"2","author":"Ned Mmsc Phd","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Curr"},{"key":"B63-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp160072","article-title":"Implementation of a multidisciplinary pharmacogenomics clinic in a community health system","volume":"73","author":"Dunnenberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"B64-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.2217\/14622416.9.10.1543","article-title":"Carbamazepine, HLA-B*1502 and risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: US FDA recommendations","volume":"9","author":"Ferrell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"B65-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.355","article-title":"Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guidelines for HLA-B genotype and abacavir dosing","volume":"91","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B66-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124835","article-title":"Preemptive clinical pharmacogenetics implementation: Current programs in five US medical centers","volume":"55","author":"Dunnenberger","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"B67-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/tpj.2017.21","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of pharmacogenetic-guided treatment: Are we there yet?","volume":"17","author":"Verbelen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics J"},{"key":"B68-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-017-2163-x","article-title":"Preemptive panel-based pharmacogenetic testing: The time is now","volume":"34","author":"Weitzel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"B69-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12374","article-title":"A synopsis of clinical pharmacokinetic alterations in advanced CKD","volume":"28","author":"Nolin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"B70-20230813","first-page":"94","article-title":"Clinical genomics, big data, and electronic medical records: Reconciling patient rights with research when privacy and science collide","volume":"4","author":"Kulynych","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Law Biosci"},{"key":"B71-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.120329.111","article-title":"Ethical and practical challenges of sharing data from genome-wide association studies: The eMERGE Consortium experience","volume":"21","author":"McGuire","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genome Res"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01277230-201810000-00019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:42:22Z","timestamp":1786369342000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01277230-201810000-00019"}},"subtitle":["Applications in Nephrology"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.02730218","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-9041","1555-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-9041","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]]}}}