{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:30:00Z","timestamp":1792272600646,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-DK-66143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-DK-66143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-DK-66174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-DK-66174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-DK-082194,"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-DK-082194,"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01-DK-66116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01-DK-66116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"NIDDK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is common in CKD but its change over time and how that change is influenced by concurrent progression of CKD have not been previously described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the CKD in Children study we prospectively followed children with progressive CKD and utilized multivariable, linear mixed-effects models to quantify the longitudinal relationship between within-subject changes in lipid measures (HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides) and within-subject changes in GFR, proteinuria, and body mass index (BMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 508 children (76% nonglomerular CKD, 24% glomerular CKD) had 2\u20136 lipid measurements each, with a median follow-up time of 4 (interquartile range [IQR], 2.1\u20136.0) years. Among children with nonglomerular CKD, dyslipidemia was common at baseline (35%) and increased significantly as children aged; 43% of children with glomerular CKD had dyslipidemia at baseline and demonstrated persistent levels as they aged. Longitudinal increases in proteinuria were independently associated with significant concomitant increases in non-HDL cholesterol (nonglomerular: 4.9 [IQR, 3.4\u20136.4] mg\/dl; glomerular: 8.5 [IQR, 6.0\u201311.1] mg\/dl) and triglycerides (nonglomerular: 3% [IQR, 0.8%\u20136%]; glomerular: 5% [IQR, 0.6%\u20139%]). Decreases in GFR over follow-up were significantly associated with concomitant decreases of HDL cholesterol in children with nonglomerular CKD (\u22121.2 mg\/dl; IQR, \u22122.1 to \u22120.4 mg\/dl) and increases of non-HDL cholesterol in children with glomerular CKD (3.9 mg\/dl; IQR, 1.4\u20136.5 mg\/dl). The effects of increased BMI also affected multiple lipid changes over time. Collectively, glomerular CKD displayed stronger, deleterious associations between within-subject change in non-HDL cholesterol (9 mg\/dl versus 1.2 mg\/dl;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and triglycerides (14% versus 3%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.004), and within-subject change in BMI; similar but quantitatively smaller differences between the two types of CKD were noted for associations of within-subject change in lipids to within-subject change in GFR and proteinuria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dyslipidemia is a common and persistent complication in children with CKD and it worsens in proportion to declining GFR, worsening proteinuria, and increasing BMI.<\/jats:p>\n                  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