{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T13:57:39Z","timestamp":1787061459022,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The contribution of urolithiasis, if any, to the development of ESRD is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All stone formers in Olmsted County, Minnesota, first diagnosed between 1984 and 2008 were identified by diagnostic codes with up to four controls matched on age and sex. Charts were reviewed to validate symptomatic stone formers in a random subset. Incident ESRD events were identified by the US Renal Data System.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altogether, 51 stone formers and 75 controls developed ESRD among 6926 stone formers and 24,620 matched controls followed for a mean of 9 years. Stone formers had an increased risk of ESRD after adjusting for diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, gout, and CKD (hazard ratio: 2.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.45\u20133.01). This increased risk of ESRD remained in the subset of 2457 validated symptomatic stone formers (hazard ratio: 1.95; 95% confidence interval: 1.09\u20133.49). The attributable risk of ESRD from symptomatic urolithiasis was 5.1% based on a prevalence of 5.4% for stone formers. For stone formers versus controls who developed ESRD, there was an increased likelihood of past hydronephrosis (44% versus 4%), recurrent urinary tract infections (26% versus 4%), acquired single kidney (15% versus 3%), neurogenic bladder (12% versus 1%), and ileal conduit (9% versus 0%), but not diabetes (32% versus 49%) or hypertension (44% versus 52%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptomatic stone formers are at increased risk for ESRD independent of several cardiovascular risk factors. Other urological disease is relatively common among stone formers who develop ESRD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.03210312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,29]],"date-time":"2012-06-29T20:13:56Z","timestamp":1341000836000},"page":"1409-1415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Urolithiasis and the Risk of ESRD"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ziad M.","family":"El-Zoghby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Lieske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert N.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Bergstralh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xujian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Joseph","family":"Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy E.","family":"Krambeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Rule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05811108","article-title":"Kidney stones and the risk for chronic kidney disease.","volume":"4","author":"Rule","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"R2-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.67128.x","article-title":"Decreased renal function among adults with a history of nephrolithiasis: A study of NHANES III.","volume":"67","author":"Gillen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R3-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S1047-2797(03)00126-1","article-title":"History of kidney stones as a possible risk factor for chronic kidney disease.","volume":"14","author":"Vupputuri","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"R4-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn767","article-title":"Community-based study on CKD subjects and the associated risk factors.","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"R5-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10651110","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease in kidney stone formers.","volume":"6","author":"Rule","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"R6-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.605","article-title":"Risk factors for end-stage renal disease: 25-year follow-up.","volume":"169","author":"Hsu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"R7-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2296-11-49","article-title":"Predicting the risk of chronic kidney disease in men and women in England and Wales: Prospective derivation and external validation of the QKidney Scores.","volume":"11","author":"Hippisley-Cox","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"key":"R8-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-007-0079-3","article-title":"African American ESRD patients have a high pre-dialysis prevalence of kidney stones compared to NHANES III.","volume":"35","author":"Stankus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urol Res"},{"key":"R9-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s10038-005-0317-x","article-title":"Dent\u2019s disease and prevalence of renal stones in dialysis patients in Northeastern Italy.","volume":"51","author":"Tosetto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R10-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(04)01131-X","article-title":"ESRD caused by nephrolithiasis: Prevalence, mechanisms, and prevention.","volume":"44","author":"Jungers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"R11-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A8","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2010.10.007","article-title":"US Renal Data System 2010 Annual Data Report.","volume":"57","author":"Collins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"R12-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq769","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of potential kidney donors with asymptomatic kidney stones.","volume":"26","author":"Lorenz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"R13-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.4065\/71.3.266","article-title":"History of the Rochester Epidemiology Project.","volume":"71","author":"Melton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"R14-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq482","article-title":"Use of a medical records linkage system to enumerate a dynamic population over time: The Rochester epidemiology project.","volume":"173","author":"St Sauver","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R17-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl718","article-title":"Mineral metabolism parameters throughout chronic kidney disease stages 1-5\u2014achievement of K\/DOQI target ranges.","volume":"22","author":"Craver","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"R18-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-82-4-453","article-title":"Chronic interstitial nephritis: Etiologic factors.","volume":"82","author":"Murray","year":"1975","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"R19-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00317.x","article-title":"Causes and consequences of kidney loss in patients with nephrolithiasis.","volume":"64","author":"Worcester","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R20-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000051462.45388.14","article-title":"Long-term outcome of ileal conduit diversion.","volume":"169","author":"Madersbacher","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"R21-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ucl.2010.07.002","article-title":"Urologic complications of the neurogenic bladder.","volume":"37","author":"Gormley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"R22-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1985.173","article-title":"Long-term effects of 24-hr unilateral ureteral obstruction on renal function in the rat.","volume":"28","author":"Bander","year":"1985","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R23-7-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.08.008","article-title":"Risk factors for CKD in persons with kidney stones: A case-control study in Olmsted County, Minnesota.","volume":"55","author":"Saucier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01277230-201209000-00007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:42:18Z","timestamp":1786369338000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/01277230-201209000-00007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.03210312","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-9041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-9041","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}}}