{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T13:20:01Z","timestamp":1791984001524,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    CKD is common and frequently complicated with hypertension both predialysis and in ESKD. As a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease in this high-risk population, treatment of hypertension in CKD is important. We review the mechanisms and indications for the major classes of antihypertensive drugs, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -adrenergic blocking agents, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor blockers, direct vasodilators, and centrally acting\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    -agonists. Recent evidence suggests that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -adrenergic blocking agents may have a greater role in patients on dialysis and that thiazide diuretics may have a greater role in patients with advanced CKD. We conclude with sharing our general prescribing algorithm for both patients with predialysis CKD and patients with ESKD on dialysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.04330418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T09:05:33Z","timestamp":1542099933000},"page":"757-764","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Clinical Pharmacology of Antihypertensive Therapy for the Treatment of Hypertension in CKD"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Arjun 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