{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:41:55Z","timestamp":1786372915155,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hypertension affects the vast majority of patients with CKD and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, ESKD, and death. Over the past decade, a number of hypertension guidelines have been published with varying recommendations for BP goals in patients with CKD. Most recently, the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association 2017 hypertension guidelines set a BP goal of &lt;130\/80 mm Hg for patients with CKD and others at elevated cardiovascular risk. These guidelines were heavily influenced by the landmark Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), which documented that an intensive BP goal to a systolic BP &lt;120 mm Hg decreased the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in nondiabetic adults at high cardiovascular risk, many of whom had CKD; the intensive BP goal did not retard CKD progression. It is noteworthy that SPRINT measured BP with automated devices (5-minute wait period, average of three readings) often without observers, a technique that potentially results in BP values that are lower than what is typically measured in the office. Still, results from SPRINT along with long-term follow-up data from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease and the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension suggest that a BP goal &lt;130\/80 mm Hg will reduce mortality in patients with CKD. Unfortunately, data are more limited in patients with diabetes or stage 4\u20135 CKD. Increased adverse events, including electrolyte abnormalities and decreased eGFR, necessitate careful laboratory monitoring. In conclusion, a BP goal of &lt;130\/80 is a reasonable, evidence-based BP goal in patients with CKD. Implementation of this intensive BP target will require increased attention to measuring BP accurately, assessing patient preferences and concurrent medical conditions, and monitoring for adverse effects of therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.07440618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T10:36:17Z","timestamp":1542623777000},"page":"161-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Blood Pressure Goals in Patients with CKD"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alex R.","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kidney Health Research Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan","family":"L\u00f3ser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, Pennsylvania;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence J.","family":"Appel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19043","article-title":"Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015","volume":"317","author":"Forouzanfar","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B2-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2014.09.004","article-title":"Epidemiology of hypertension in CKD","volume":"22","author":"Horowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Chronic Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B3-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.19.2560","article-title":"The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: The JNC 7 report","volume":"289","author":"Chobanian","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B4-20230813","first-page":"337","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"B5-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.284427","article-title":"2014 evidence-based guideline for the management of high blood pressure in adults: Report from the panel members appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8)","volume":"311","author":"James","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B6-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1511939","article-title":"A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control","volume":"373","author":"Wright","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B7-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.10479","article-title":"Blood pressure measurement in SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial)","volume":"71","author":"Johnson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B8-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.177766","article-title":"Historical trends and milestones in hypertension research: A model of the process of translational research","volume":"58","author":"Kotchen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B9-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1977.03270300059008","article-title":"Report of the Joint National Committee on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. 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