{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:05:38Z","timestamp":1787169938193,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015699","name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the United States, intravenous vitamin D analogs are the first-line therapy for management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients. Outside the United States, oral calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) is routinely used. We examined standard laboratory parameters of patients on in-center hemodialysis receiving intravenous vitamin D who switched to oral calcitriol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult patients treated within Fresenius Kidney Care clinics. During a 6-month period (December 2013 to May 2014), we identified patients on an intravenous vitamin D analog (doxercalciferol or paricalcitol) who switched to oral calcitriol and matched them to patients receiving an intravenous vitamin D analog. Mean serum calcium, phosphate, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) concentrations were examined for up to 12 months of follow-up. We used Poisson and Cox proportional hazards regression models to examine hospitalization and survival rates. The primary analysis was conducted as intention-to-treat; secondary analyses included an as-treated evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2280 patients who switched to oral calcitriol were matched to 2280 patients receiving intravenous vitamin D. Compared with patients on intravenous vitamin D, mean calcium and phosphate levels in the oral calcitriol group were lower after the change to oral calcitriol. In contrast, iPTH levels were higher in the oral calcitriol group. At 12 months, the percentage of patients with composite laboratories in target range (calcium &lt;10 mg\/dl, phosphate 3.0\u20135.5 mg\/dl, and iPTH 150\u2013600 pg\/ml) were comparable between groups (45% versus 45%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.96). Hospital admissions, length of hospital stay, and survival were comparable between groups. An as-treated analysis and excluding those receiving cinacalcet did not reveal significant between-group differences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among patients receiving in-center hemodialysis who were switched to oral calcitriol versus those on an intravenous vitamin D analog, the aggregate of all mineral and bone laboratory parameters in range was largely similar between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.07960719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T14:49:30Z","timestamp":1582901370000},"page":"384-391","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Conversion from Intravenous Vitamin D Analogs to Oral Calcitriol in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ravi I.","family":"Thadhani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Rosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7356-6748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norma J.","family":"Ofsthun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Len A.","family":"Usvyat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorien S.","family":"Dalrymple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1395-2011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franklin W.","family":"Maddux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care AG & Co., KGaA, Bad Homburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Hymes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"B1-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.28108","article-title":"Intravenous versus oral vitamin d therapy in dialysis patients: What is the question?","volume":"38","author":"Andress","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B2-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908033210502","article-title":"Intravenous calcitriol in the treatment of refractory osteitis fibrosa of chronic renal failure","volume":"321","author":"Andress","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B3-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1994.223","article-title":"Prospective trial of pulse oral versus intravenous calcitriol treatment of hyperparathyroidism in ESRD","volume":"45","author":"Quarles","year":"1994","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B4-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP71276","article-title":"Comparison of intermittent intravenous and oral calcitriol in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"71","author":"Haiyang Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"B5-20230813","first-page":"216","article-title":"Comparison of intermittent oral and intravenous calcitriol in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"40","author":"Fischer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"B6-20230813","first-page":"S1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)","volume":"113","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"B7-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/IJNRD.S72011","article-title":"Evaluating targets and costs of treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism in incident dialysis patients: The FARO-2 study","volume":"8","author":"Roggeri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"key":"B8-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw205","article-title":"Comparison of oral versus intravenous vitamin D receptor activator in reducing infection-related mortality in hemodialysis patients: The Q-Cohort Study","volume":"31","author":"Tanaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B9-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2016.02.006","article-title":"Successful conversion from parenteral paricalcitol to pulse oral calcitriol for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ren Nutr"},{"key":"B10-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007091002","article-title":"Impact of activated vitamin D and race on survival among hemodialysis patients","volume":"19","author":"Wolf","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B12-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1159\/000089707","article-title":"Inhibition of parathyroid hormone: A dose equivalency study of paricalcitol and doxercalciferol","volume":"25","author":"Zisman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"B13-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001868","article-title":"Mortality risk among hemodialysis patients receiving different vitamin D analogs","volume":"70","author":"Tentori","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B14-20230813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00324","article-title":"Mortality rates do not differ among patients prescribed various vitamin D agents","volume":"35","author":"Bond","year":"2015","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.07960719","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:42:09Z","timestamp":1786369329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.07960719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.07960719","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-9041","1555-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-9041","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]}}}