{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:46:00Z","timestamp":1786373160333,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early identification of frequently relapsing children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is desirable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relapse status and clinical data of patients previously registered (January of 1993 to December of 2001) in a multicenter prospective study of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children regimen were analyzed for risk of frequent relapsers over a 2-year follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 166 children with nephrotic syndrome (113 boys and 53 girls; median age=5.1 years), 145 (87.3%, median age=5.5 years) children were steroid-sensitive, and 21 (12.7%, median age=2.9 years) children were steroid-resistant. Of 145 children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome, 32 (22.1%, median age=4.2 years) children experienced frequent relapses over 2 years. The time to initial response was significantly longer (10 versus 7 days,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001, log-rank test) in the 32 frequent relapsers than in the 106 nonfrequent relapsers. The time from start of initial treatment to first relapse was significantly shorter (2.6 versus 6.1 months,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001, log-rank test) in the 32 frequent relapsers than in the 57 infrequent relapsers. In a Cox regression model, the time to initial response \u22659 days and the duration from start of initial treatment to first relapse &lt;6 months were significant predictors of frequent relapses (unadjusted and adjusted).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial remission time \u22659 days and first relapse within 6 months were associated with frequent relapses. These findings may also be useful also in selecting potential frequent relapsers for clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.09010912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T08:38:43Z","timestamp":1359707923000},"page":"756-762","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Two-Year Outcome of the ISKDC Regimen and Frequent-Relapsing Risk in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Koichi","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumoto","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ishikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Hataya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Nakazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Honda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norishige","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-010-1717-5","article-title":"New therapies in steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.","volume":"26","author":"van Husen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"R2-10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V85769","article-title":"Prognostic significance of the early course of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: Report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children.","volume":"8","author":"Tarshish","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"R3-10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80136-7","article-title":"Intermittent versus long-term tapering prednisolone for initial therapy in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.","volume":"112","author":"Ueda","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"R4-10-20230811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01956754","article-title":"Long versus standard prednisone therapy for initial treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children. 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