{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:45:28Z","timestamp":1786373128262,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obstructive nephropathy is a leading cause of CKD in children. The assessment of severity of renal impairment and the prediction of which children will progress to renal failure are, however, challenging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, Participants, &amp; Measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case-control study measured the urinary excretion of candidate biomarkers in 27 prevalent case-patients with posterior urethral valves (PUVs) and 20 age-matched controls, correlated their urinary concentration with GFR, and analyzed receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve and regression analyses to assess their performance as tests for low GFR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio was higher in children with PUV (45 g\/mol; range, 5\u2013361 g\/mol) than in controls (7 g\/mol; range, 3\u201343 g\/mol) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.01) and correlated inversely with renal function (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.44;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). In whole urine, excretion of aquaporin-2 was significantly decreased, whereas that of TGF\u03b2 and L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) was significantly increased. Whole-urine TGF\u03b2 excretion correlated inversely with GFR (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.53;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). As tests for low GFR, whole-urine TGF\u03b2, L1CAM, and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio performed best, with areas under the ROC curves of 0.788, 0.795, and 0.814, respectively. By linear regression analysis, whole-urine TGF\u03b2, L1CAM, and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio were associated with low GFR in the case-patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Candidate biomarkers of obstructive nephropathy can be readily measured in whole urine and in urine exosomes. In boys with PUV, these biomarkers correlate with GFR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.09640911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,3]],"date-time":"2012-08-03T00:06:17Z","timestamp":1343952377000},"page":"1567-1575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Urinary Biomarkers in Obstructive Nephropathy"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Trnka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Hiatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas 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