{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T22:07:33Z","timestamp":1793052453882,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the primary reasons for intensive care admission is shock. Identifying the underlying cause of shock (hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, and obstructive) may lead to entirely different clinical pathways for management. Among patients with hypovolemic and distributive shock, fluid therapy is one of the leading management strategies. Although an appropriate amount of fluid administration might save a patient's life, inadequate (or excessive) fluid use could lead to more complications, including organ failure and mortality due to either hypovolemia or volume overload. Currently, intensivists have access to a wide variety of information sources and tools to monitor the underlying hemodynamic status, including medical history, physical examination, and specific hemodynamic monitoring devices. Although appropriate and timely assessment and interpretation of this information can promote adequate fluid resuscitation, misinterpretation of these data can also lead to additional mortality and morbidity. This article provides a narrative review of the most commonly used hemodynamic monitoring approaches to assessing fluid responsiveness and fluid tolerance. In addition, we describe the benefits and disadvantages of these tools.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.14191021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T12:05:34Z","timestamp":1649073934000},"page":"706-716","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["The Intensivist's Perspective of Shock, Volume Management, and Hemodynamic Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2184-3683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kianoush","family":"Kashani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarig","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care and Resuscitation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208943","article-title":"Circulatory shock","volume":"369","author":"Vincent","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12310","article-title":"Will This hemodynamically unstable patient respond to a bolus of intravenous 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