{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T14:47:17Z","timestamp":1786373237519,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CJASN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In contrast to shigatoxin-associated\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      (STEC) causing hemolytic uremic syndrome, STEC-unrelated infections associated with thrombotic microangiopathy are less characterized.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our retrospective study in a four-hospital institution of 530 consecutive patients with adjudicated thrombotic microangiopathies during the 2009\u20132016 period studied STEC-unrelated infections\u2019 epidemiology and major outcomes (death, acute dialysis, and major cardiovascular events).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      STEC-unrelated infection was present in 145 of 530 (27%) patients, thrombotic microangiopathies without infection were present in 350 of 530 (66%) patients, and STEC causing hemolytic and uremic syndrome was present in 35 of 530 (7%) patients. They (versus thrombotic microangiopathy without infection) were associated with age &gt;60 years (36% versus 18%), men (53% versus 27%), altered consciousness (32% versus 11%), mean BP &lt;65 mm Hg (21% versus 4%), lower hemoglobin and platelet count, and AKI (72% versus 49%). They were associated with more than one pathogen in 36 of 145 (25%) patients (either isolated [14%] or combined [86%] to other causes of thrombotic microangiopathy); however, no significant clinical or biologic differences were noted between the two groups. They were more frequently due to bacteria (enterobacteria [41%],\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      [11%], and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumonia<\/jats:italic>\n                      [3%]) than viruses (Epstein\u2013Barr [20%], cytomegalovirus [18%], influenza [3%], hepatitis C [1%], HIV [1%], and rotavirus [1%]). STEC-unrelated infections were independent risk factors for in-hospital death (odds ratio, 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.18 to 4.29), major cardiovascular event (odds ratio, 3.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.82 to 6.69), and acute dialysis (odds ratio, 3.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.78 to 7.03). Bacteria (versus other pathogens), and among bacteria, enterobacteria, presence of more than one bacteria, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      without shigatoxin were risk factors for acute dialysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Infections are frequent thrombotic microangiopathy triggers or causes, and they are mostly unrelated to STEC. Infections convey a higher risk of death and major complications. The most frequent pathogens were enterobacteria,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , Epstein\u2013Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Podcast<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This article contains a podcast at https:\/\/www.asn-online.org\/media\/podcast\/CJASN\/2021_09_07_CJN17511120.mp3<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2215\/cjn.17511120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T10:17:43Z","timestamp":1631096263000},"page":"1355-1364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Infection in Patients with Suspected Thrombotic Microangiopathy Based on Clinical Presentation"],"prefix":"10.2215","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9046-4524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Thoreau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1753-7651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florent","family":"von Tokarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeline","family":"Bauvois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Bayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Barbet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvie","family":"Cloarec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"M\u00e9rieau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Lachot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'H\u00e9matologie Biologique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Garot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine Intensive R\u00e9animation, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Maladies Infectieuses, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Gyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d\u2019H\u00e9matologie et Th\u00e9rapie Cellulaire, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Equipe de recherche Labellis\u00e9e, Centre National pour le Recherche Scientifique 7001, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9694-6658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franck","family":"Perrotin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Gyn\u00e9cologie Obst\u00e9trique B. Maternit\u00e9 Olympe de Gouges, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1253 Imaging and Brain (iBrain), Universit\u00e9 de Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Pouplard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d\u2019H\u00e9matologie-H\u00e9mostase, H\u00f4pital Trousseau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"},{"name":"EA7501, Fran\u00e7ois-Rabelais University, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Maillot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de M\u00e9decine interne, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Gatault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"},{"name":"EA4245, Fran\u00e7ois-Rabelais University, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8430-4543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Sautenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"},{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale U1246 the methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch, Universit\u00e9 de Tours, Universit\u00e9 de Nantes, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Rusch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Sant\u00e9 Publique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau, CHU Tours, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Fr\u00e9meaux-Bacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Immunologie, H\u00f4pital Europ\u00e9en Georges Pompidou, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Vigneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Pontchaillou, Service de N\u00e9phrologie, Rennes, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Rennes 1, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale Institut de Recherche en Sant\u00e9, environnement et Travail, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 1085, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadi","family":"Fakhouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Halimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie-Hypertension, Dialyses, Transplantation R\u00e9nale, N\u00e9phrologie P\u00e9diatrique, H\u00f4pital Bretonneau et H\u00f4pital Clocheville, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Tours, Tours, France et French Clinical Research Network Infrastructure-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists, Tours, France"},{"name":"EA4245, Fran\u00e7ois-Rabelais University, Tours, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13571","article-title":"Consensus on the standardization of terminology in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and related thrombotic microangiopathies","volume":"15","author":"Scully","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"B2-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-09-636779","article-title":"Blood\u2019s 70th anniversary: The elusive von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease","volume":"127","author":"Kaushansky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B3-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30062-4","article-title":"Haemolytic uraemic syndrome","volume":"390","author":"Fakhouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B4-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V1.4.339.339","article-title":"Infectious lymphadenosis (mononucleosis) and thrombocytopenic purpura; recovery after splenectomy; report of case","volume":"1","author":"Dameshek","year":"1946","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B5-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2847","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-11-709865","article-title":"HUS and atypical HUS","volume":"129","author":"Jokiranta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B6-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1312353","article-title":"Syndromes of thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"371","author":"George","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B7-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-018-1531-0","article-title":"Clinical features in a series of 258 Japanese pediatric patients with thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"22","author":"Ashida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"B8-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12263","article-title":"High prevalence of infectious events in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and genetic relationship with toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms: Experience of the French Thrombotic Microangiopathies Reference Center","volume":"54","author":"Morgand","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"B9-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1676-4","article-title":"Infectious diseases as a trigger in thrombotic microangiopathies in intensive care unit (ICU) patients?","volume":"29","author":"Coppo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"B10-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/jca.20226","article-title":"Infection frequently triggers thrombotic microangiopathy in patients with preexisting risk factors: A single-institution experience","volume":"25","author":"Douglas","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Apher"},{"key":"B11-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6056","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006056","article-title":"Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy secondary to sepsis-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation successfully treated with eculizumab: A case report","volume":"96","author":"Abe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"B12-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11470918","article-title":"Etiology and outcomes of thrombotic microangiopathies","volume":"14","author":"Bayer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B13-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199811263392203","article-title":"Antibodies to von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease in acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"339","author":"Tsai","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B14-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2017.05.017","article-title":"Thrombotic microangiopathy: A multidisciplinary team approach","volume":"70","author":"Gordon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B15-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B","article-title":"2001 SCCM\/ESICM\/ACCP\/ATS\/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference","volume":"31","author":"Levy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B16-20241015","first-page":"1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"B17-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s13000-020-00980-6","article-title":"Clinicopathologic features of infection-related glomerulonephritis with IgA deposits: A French nationwide study","volume":"15","author":"Miquelestorena-Standley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagn Pathol"},{"key":"B18-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-015-2642-1","article-title":"Epidemiology of haemolytic uremic syndrome in children. Data from the North Italian HUS network","volume":"175","author":"Ardissino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"B19-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S424","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis208","article-title":"Strategies for surveillance of pediatric hemolytic uremic syndrome: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), 2000-2007","volume":"54","author":"Ong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B20-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.207","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: Current paradigm and novel therapies","volume":"53","author":"Khosla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"B21-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1703879","article-title":"Endothelial damage caused by cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus-6","volume":"31","author":"Takatsuka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"B22-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2010.00581.x","article-title":"BK virus encephalitis with thrombotic microangiopathy in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient","volume":"13","author":"Lopes da Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"B23-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.06.013","article-title":"emerging concepts in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated renal thrombotic microangiopathy and prospects for new treatments","volume":"72","author":"Wanchoo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B24-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000297998.33418.7e","article-title":"Thrombotic microangiopathy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: An autopsy study","volume":"85","author":"Siami","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B25-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000230373.82376.46","article-title":"Risk factors and severe outcome in thrombotic microangiopathy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"82","author":"Uderzo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B26-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000097","article-title":"Detection and prediction of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes directly from nasopharyngeal swabs using PCR","volume":"64","author":"Lang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"B27-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0607373","article-title":"Inflammation, endothelium, and coagulation in sepsis","volume":"83","author":"Schouten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B28-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2011.10.013","article-title":"Sepsis, thrombosis and organ dysfunction","volume":"129","author":"Semeraro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"B29-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807008217","article-title":"Clinical surveillance of thrombotic microangiopathies in Scotland, 2003-2005","volume":"136","author":"Pollock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"B30-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2014.11.001","article-title":"A new paradigm: Diagnosis and management of HSCT-associated thrombotic microangiopathy as multi-system endothelial injury","volume":"29","author":"Jodele","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood Rev"},{"key":"B31-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.00700.x","article-title":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome following allogeneic HPC transplantation: A diagnostic dilemma","volume":"44","author":"George","year":"2004","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"B32-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2310","article-title":"Risk and prognostic factors of transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A nested case control study","volume":"35","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B33-20241015","first-page":"1287","article-title":"[Rotavirus infection associated with adult thrombotic microangiopathy]","volume":"28","author":"Klisnick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"B34-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318293cdee","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-related heat-insoluble cryoglobulinemia and thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"346","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"B35-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12582","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-induced thrombotic microangiopathy after renal transplant successfully treated with eculizumab: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"28","author":"Java","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"B36-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31829807aa","article-title":"Renal arteriolar C4d deposition: A novel characteristic of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"96","author":"Laskin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B37-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-05-501445","article-title":"Abnormalities in the alternative pathway of complement in children with hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"122","author":"Jodele","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"B38-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S267","DOI":"10.1086\/422363","article-title":"HIV-associated thrombotic microangiopathy in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: An observational study","volume":"39","author":"Becker","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B39-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s002770050012","article-title":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura\/hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP\/HUS): Treatment outcome, relapses, prognostic factors. A single-center experience of 48 cases","volume":"79","author":"Dervenoulas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"B40-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2007.01346.x","article-title":"ADAMTS13 activity and the presence of acquired inhibitors in human immunodeficiency virus-related thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"47","author":"Gunther","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"B41-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4060","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-271445","article-title":"How I treat patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: 2010","volume":"116","author":"George","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B42-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2000.40091067.x","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia as a cause of early relapse of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","volume":"40","author":"Niv","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"B43-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-020-00231-0","article-title":"Disseminated intravascular coagulation: New identity as endotheliopathy-associated vascular microthrombotic disease based on in vivo hemostasis and endothelial molecular pathogenesis","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"key":"B44-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24665","article-title":"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura misdiagnosed as autoimmune cytopenia: Causes of diagnostic errors and consequence on outcome. Experience of the French Thrombotic Microangiopathies Reference Centre","volume":"92","author":"Grall","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"B45-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.622","article-title":"The thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndromes: Evaluation, management, and long-term outcomes experience of the Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry, 1989-2007","volume":"112","author":"George","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"B46-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.49.2706","article-title":"Registry of 919 patients with thrombotic microangiopathies across Japan: Database of Nara Medical University during 1998-2008","volume":"49","author":"Fujimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"B47-20241015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-3063-1","article-title":"Clinical dissection of thrombotic microangiopathy","volume":"96","author":"Kang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.17511120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T13:43:50Z","timestamp":1786369430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.2215\/CJN.17511120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/cjn.17511120","relation":{},"ISSN":["1555-9041","1555-905X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1555-9041","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-905X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}