{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T10:29:42Z","timestamp":1776940182409,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Becaris Publishing Limited","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Comp. Eff. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold>\n            To compare the efficacy and safety of total disc replacement, lumbar fusion, and conservative care in the treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative disc disease (DDD).\n            <jats:bold>Materials &amp; methods:<\/jats:bold>\n            A network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the relative impact of lumbar DDD therapies on Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) success, back pain score, patient satisfaction, employment status, and reoperation. Odds ratios or mean differences and 95% credible intervals were reported.\n            <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n            Six studies were included (1417 participants). Overall, the activL total disc replacement device had the most favorable results for ODI success, back pain, and patient satisfaction. Results for employment status and reoperation were similar across therapies.\n            <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n            activL substantially improves ODI success, back pain, and patient satisfaction compared with other therapies for single-level lumbar DDD.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2217\/cer-2017-0047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,20]],"date-time":"2017-09-20T15:37:34Z","timestamp":1505921854000},"page":"233-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparison of therapies in lumbar degenerative disc disease: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.57264","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jack","family":"Zigler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Back Institute, 6020 West Parker Road #200, Plano, TX 75093, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Ferko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornerstone Research Group, 204\u20133228 South Service Rd., Burlington ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornerstone Research Group, 204\u20133228 South Service Rd., Burlington ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leena","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornerstone Research Group, 204\u20133228 South Service Rd., Burlington ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"36897","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2003.08.004","article-title":"Observer variability based on the strength of MR scanners in the assessment of lumbar degenerative disc disease","volume":"51","author":"Cihangiroglu M","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cihangiroglu M , Yildirim H , Bozgeyik Z Observer variability based on the strength of MR scanners in the assessment of lumbar degenerative disc disease . 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Noninvasive treatments for acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians . Ann. Intern. Med. 166 ( 7 ), 514 \u2013 530 ( 2017 ).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. 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Evidence synthesis for decision making 4: inconsistency in networks of evidence based on randomized controlled trials . Med. Decis. Making 33 ( 5 ), 641 \u2013 656 ( 2013 ).","journal-title":"Med. Decis. Making"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","unstructured":"Dias\n                                                    S Welton\n                                                    NJ Sutton\n                                                    AJ Caldwell\n                                                    DM Lu\n                                                    G Ades\n                                                    AE\n                                            . \n                                            NICE DSU Technical Support Document 4: inconsistency in networks of evidence based on randomised controlled trials\n                                             (\n                                            2011\n                                            ). \n                                            http:\/\/scharr.dept.shef.ac.uk\/nicedsu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2016\/03\/TSD4-Inconsistency.final_.15April2014.pdf\n                                            ."},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-12-201306180-00006","article-title":"Effectiveness and harms of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in spine fusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"158","author":"Fu R","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fu R , Selph S , Mcdonagh M Effectiveness and harms of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 in spine fusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis . Ann. Intern. Med. 158 ( 12 ), 890 \u2013 902 ( 2013 ).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration","author":"Jacobs W","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jacobs W , Van Der Gaag NA , Tuschel A Total disc replacement for chronic back pain in the presence of disc degeneration . Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. ( 9 ), CD008326 ( 2012 ).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-1883-8","article-title":"Comparison of artificial total disc replacement versus fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"37","author":"Wei J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wei J , Song Y , Sun L , Lv C . Comparison of artificial total disc replacement versus fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials . Int. Orthop. 37 ( 7 ), 1315 \u2013 1325 ( 2013 ).","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1394-x","article-title":"A meta-analysis of artificial total disc replacement versus fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease","volume":"19","author":"Yajun W","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yajun W , Yue Z , Xiuxin H , Cui C . A meta-analysis of artificial total disc replacement versus fusion for lumbar degenerative disc disease . Eur. Spine J. 19 ( 8 ), 1250 \u2013 1261 ( 2010 ).","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1179\/2042618613Y.0000000028","article-title":"Different minimally important clinical difference (MCID) scores lead to different clinical prediction rules for the Oswestry disability index for the same sample of patients","volume":"21","author":"Schwind J","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schwind J , Learman K , O'halloran B , Showalter C , Cook C . Different minimally important clinical difference (MCID) scores lead to different clinical prediction rules for the Oswestry disability index for the same sample of patients . J. Man. Manip. Ther. 21 ( 2 ), 71 \u2013 78 ( 2013 ).","journal-title":"J. Man. Manip. Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S245","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-014-1445-9","article-title":"Adjacent segment degeneration and disease after lumbar fusion compared with motion-preserving procedures: a meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Ren C","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ren C , Song Y , Liu L , Xue Y . Adjacent segment degeneration and disease after lumbar fusion compared with motion-preserving procedures: a meta-analysis . Eur. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol. 24 ( Suppl. 1 ), S245 \u2013 S253 ( 2014 ).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthop. Surg. Traumatol."},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S133","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31826cadf2","article-title":"Do lumbar motion preserving devices reduce the risk of adjacent segment pathology compared with fusion surgery? A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Wang JC","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang JC , Arnold PM , Hermsmeyer JT , Norvell DC . Do lumbar motion preserving devices reduce the risk of adjacent segment pathology compared with fusion surgery? A systematic review . Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 37 ( 22 Suppl. ), S133 \u2013 S143 ( 2012 ).","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1567835","article-title":"Adverse event recording and reporting in clinical trials comparing lumbar disk replacement with lumbar fusion: a systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Hiratzka J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hiratzka J , Rastegar F , Contag AG , Norvell DC , Anderson PA , Hart RA . Adverse event recording and reporting in clinical trials comparing lumbar disk replacement with lumbar fusion: a systematic review . 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