{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T22:12:19Z","timestamp":1782598339733,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":199,"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"North Florida\/South Georgia Veterans Health System"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.tandfonline.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Manag."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2022-0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T08:42:14Z","timestamp":1654072934000},"page":"751-777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/tandf_crossmark_01","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Management of Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: a\u00a0Framework"],"prefix":"10.1080","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5387-0462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen E","family":"Nadeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Service &amp; the Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center &amp; the Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, FL32608-1197, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A","family":"Lawhern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Healthcare Writer &amp; Patient Advocate"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"301","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6501a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2021.721357"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7006a4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","unstructured":"Provisional Drug Overdose Deaths. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nvss\/vsrr\/drug-overdose-data.htm"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2021.1995623"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4637.2007.00370.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0865"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"735","article-title":"Prosecuting doctors for trusting patients","volume":"16","author":"Hellman D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hellman D . Prosecuting doctors for trusting patients. George Mason Law Rev.16, 735\u2013777 (2009).","journal-title":"George Mason Law Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.02.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","volume-title":"Chasing the Scream. The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs","author":"Hari J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hari J . Chasing the Scream. The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs. Bloomsbury Publishing, NY, USA (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","first-page":"547","article-title":"The cure for America\u2019s opioid crisis? End the war on drugs","volume":"42","author":"Minhee C","year":"2019","unstructured":"Minhee C , CalandrilloS. The cure for America\u2019s opioid crisis? End the war on drugs. Harvard J. Law. Publ. Pol.42, 547\u2013623 (2019).","journal-title":"Harvard J. Law. Publ. Pol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002204261104100207"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2012.0135"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","first-page":"48170","article-title":"Diversion Control Division. Proposed aggregate production quotas for schedule I and II controlled substances and assessment of annual needs for the list I chemicals ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine for 2020","volume":"177","author":"Drug Enforcement Administration","year":"2019","unstructured":"Drug Enforcement Administration . Diversion Control Division. Proposed aggregate production quotas for schedule I and II controlled substances and assessment of annual needs for the list I chemicals ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine for 2020. Federal Register177, 48170\u201348177 (2019).","journal-title":"Federal Register"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-018-0098-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx285"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bku075"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Dosing discrimination: regulating PDMP risk scores","volume":"110","author":"Oliva JD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oliva JD . Dosing discrimination: regulating PDMP risk scores. Calif. Law. Rev.110, 47\u2013115 (2022).","journal-title":"Calif. Law. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n. U.S. prescribing rate maps. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/maps\/rxrate-maps.html (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","unstructured":"Higham S HorwitzS RichS. 76 billion opioid pills: newly released federal data unmasks the epidemic. The Washington Post DC USA (2019). https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/investigations\/76-billion-opioid-pills-newly-released-federal-data-unmasks-the-epidemic\/2019\/07\/16\/5f29fd62-a73e-11e9-86dd-d7f0e60391e9_story.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1508490"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx048"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S153322"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2017.304187"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S199750"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","unstructured":"Office of the Surgeon General\n. Facing Addiction in America. The Surgeon General\u2019s Report on Alcohol Drugs and Health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services DC USA (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alpert A PowellD PaculaR. Supply-side drug policy in the presence of substitutes: evidence from the introduction of abuse-deterent opioids (Working Paper 23031). National Bureau of Economics Research DC USA (2017). http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w23031 (archived by WebCite athttp:\/\/www.webcitation.org\/70OhacSIK)","DOI":"10.3386\/w23031"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303568"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","unstructured":"The Heller School for Social Policy and Management\n. History of prescription drug monitoring programs. Brandeis University MA USA (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2354-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-012-0273-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354920922975"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.36687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","unstructured":"CDC.CDC Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids \u2013 United States (2022)\n. https:\/\/static1.squarespace.com\/static\/54d50ceee4b05797b34869cf\/t\/6205252bfddc35678ff42b18\/1644504366674\/CDC-2022-0024-0002_content.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0_2atY0jNOxV5E_D7dJ4Gt6oKj4qYSh9xBUce4y-BpZUnZcdXr7DvoN4Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001380"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-009-0981-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aen103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2014.38.5.665"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2021-0112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15360288.2012.757575"},{"issue":"40","key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","first-page":"881","article-title":"Alcohol involvement in opioid pain reliever and benzodiazepine drug abuse-related emergency department visits and drug-related deaths \u2013 United States, 2010","volume":"63","author":"Jones CM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jones CM , PaulozziLJ , MackKA. Alcohol involvement in opioid pain reliever and benzodiazepine drug abuse-related emergency department visits and drug-related deaths \u2013 United States, 2010. MMWR63(40), 881\u2013885 (2014).","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.109048"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108504"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.119.1.95"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001133"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60879-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.273"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371305800802"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","unstructured":"MD+CALC.PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9)\n. https:\/\/www.mdcalc.com\/phq-9-patient-health-questionnaire-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2183"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001454"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260050007435"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(85)90227-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckt198"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867079"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/hea0000245"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz221"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000644"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00311-z"},{"issue":"281","key":"e_1_3_4_64_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia: an overview of reviews","volume":"8","author":"Rios P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rios P , CardosoR , MorraDet al. Comparative effectiveness and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for insomnia: an overview of reviews. Syst. Rev.8(281), 1\u201316 (2019).","journal-title":"Syst. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S297504"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_4_66_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"An evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic review and application of Tolin\u2019s criteria for empirically supported treatments","volume":"27","author":"Boness CL","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boness CL , HershenbergR , KayeJet al. An evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: a systematic review and application of Tolin\u2019s criteria for empirically supported treatments. Clin. Psychol.27(4), 1\u201325 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Trazodone for insomnia: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Jaffer KY","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jaffer KY , ChangT , VanleBet al. Trazodone for insomnia: a systematic review. Innov Clin. Neurosci.14, 24\u201334 (2017).","journal-title":"Innov Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1682\/JRRD.2003.07.0108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n2321","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2321","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid treatment for knee and hip osteoarthritis: network meta-analysis","volume":"375","author":"Da Costa BR","year":"2021","unstructured":"Da Costa BR , PereiraTV , SaadatPet al. Effectiveness and safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid treatment for knee and hip osteoarthritis: network meta-analysis. BMJ375, n2321 (2021).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCCER228"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2458"},{"issue":"15","key":"e_1_3_4_73_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reduction of chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomised controlled clinical trial on acupuncture and baclofen","volume":"5","author":"Zaringhalam J","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zaringhalam J , ManahejiH , RastqarA , ZaringhalamM. Reduction of chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomised controlled clinical trial on acupuncture and baclofen. Chin. Med.5(15), 1\u20137 (2010).","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.171333"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_1","article-title":"Gapentin for chronic neuropathic pain in adults","volume":"6","author":"Wiffen PJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wiffen PJ , DerryS , BellBet al. Gapentin for chronic neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev.6, CD007938 (2017).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_1","first-page":"CD007076","article-title":"Pregabalin for neuropathic pain in adults","author":"Derry S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Derry S , StraubeS , WiffenPJ , AldingtonD , MooreRA. Pregabalin for neuropathic pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 1, CD007076 (2019).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000013038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2018.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afs072"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.45.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990903047880"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2019.1662687"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-017-0595-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002396"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1914484"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30233-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458502ms812oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0964-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2020.1804233"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100719838302"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCCER239"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.7939"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2014.20.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414547138"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-038972"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_98_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Migraine","volume":"8","author":"Ferarri MD","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ferarri MD , GoadsbyPJ , BursteinRet al. Migraine. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers.8(2), 1\u201320 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10132898"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0160-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12233"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.370"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Trends in opioid use and dosing among socio-economically disadvantaged patients","volume":"5","author":"Gomes T","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gomes T , JuurlinkDN , DhallaIA , Mailis-GagnonA , PatersonJM , MamdaniMM. Trends in opioid use and dosing among socio-economically disadvantaged patients. Open Med.5, 13\u201322 (2011).","journal-title":"Open Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_1","unstructured":"Massachusetts Department of Public Health\n. An assessment of opioid-related deaths in Massachusetts (2013\u20132014). (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1009638"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr488"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S342409"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3182830482"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_1","first-page":"637","article-title":"Association between commonly prescribed opioids and androgen deficiency in men: a retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"18","author":"Rubinstein AL","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rubinstein AL , CarpenterDM. Association between commonly prescribed opioids and androgen deficiency in men: a retrospective cohort analysis. Pain Med.18, 637\u2013644 (2017).","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1256"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1357"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-015-3579-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001412"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-016-0755-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.7789"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2017.0385"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01967-2015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnx038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12480"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f16"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2006.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X162692"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_130_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"The case for patient-controlled analgesia","volume":"30","author":"Beeton AG","year":"1992","unstructured":"Beeton AG , UptonPM , ShiptonEA. The case for patient-controlled analgesia. S. Afr. J. Surg.30, 5\u20136 (1992).","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Surg."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000080153.36643.83"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-013-3064-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijoa.2008.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(89)90097-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.9.2542"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200004000-00029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318169d03b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12377"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_139_1","article-title":"Patients who require ultra-high opioid doses","volume":"9","author":"Schneider JP","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schneider JP , AndersonA , TennantF. Patients who require ultra-high opioid doses. Pract. Pain Manag.9(7), (2009).","journal-title":"Pract. Pain Manag."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_140_1","article-title":"Commentary: how to fill the holes in the CDC opioid prescribing guideline revisions","volume":"21","author":"Lawhern RA","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lawhern RA , NadeauSE. Commentary: how to fill the holes in the CDC opioid prescribing guideline revisions. Pract. Pain Manag.21(6), (2021).","journal-title":"Pract. Pain Manag."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001766"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2017-042676"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0953-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_144_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of opioid analgesices for the management of chronic low back pain: an evidence from Bayesian network meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Boya C","year":"2021","unstructured":"Boya C , BansalD , KanakagiriS , BhaiB. Efficacy and safety of opioid analgesices for the management of chronic low back pain: an evidence from Bayesian network meta-analysis. Pain Phys.24, 73\u201382 (2021).","journal-title":"Pain Phys."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaa089"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S231948"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.06.003"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_148_1","first-page":"739","article-title":"Assessment of analgesic effects of different initial doses of transdermal buprenorphine in the treatment of chronic pain in the elderly diagnosed with osteoarthritis","volume":"71","author":"Widenka M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Widenka M , LeppertW. Assessment of analgesic effects of different initial doses of transdermal buprenorphine in the treatment of chronic pain in the elderly diagnosed with osteoarthritis. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.71(5), 739\u2013748 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/jpai.2001.25352"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-5900(03)00632-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31802b582f"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.6.853"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1507771"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000146.pub4.(11)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.0558"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0b013e32833470bd"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(81)90211-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.108032"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pny231"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S175402"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002298"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m283"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-020-06253-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0598"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12050"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0000000000000078"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0000000000000190"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01172-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.22.2716"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15767"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv055"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31357-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/phn.12651"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-020-1535-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000512858"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_3_4_179_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Benzodiazepines I: upping the care on downers: the evidence of risks, benefits and alternatives","volume":"7","author":"Guina J","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guina J , MerrillB. Benzodiazepines I: upping the care on downers: the evidence of risks, benefits and alternatives. J. Clin. Med.7(17), 1\u201322 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(90)90046-S"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199305133281907"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h2698"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.28557"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.0919"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/ADR-170042"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_186_1","unstructured":"Skelly AC ChouR DettoriJRet al. Noninvasive nonpharmacological treatment for chronic pain: a systematic review (AHRQ Publication No. 18-EHC013-EF). (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCCER227"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pny027"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2017.1297668"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017902"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_191_1","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine\n. Relieving Pain in America. A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention Care Education and Research. National Academies Press DC USA (2011)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_192_1","unstructured":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control\n. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Annual Surveillance Report of Drug-Related Risks and Outcomes (2018). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugoverdose\/pdf\/pubs\/2018-cdc-drug-surveillance-report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_193_1","unstructured":"CDC Wonder. https:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/ucd-icd10.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623319857051"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000646"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-013-0087-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.11.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2019.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_199_1","unstructured":"Ren\u00e9s Descart. Philosophical Essays and Correspondence.\n Ariew R (Ed.). Hackett Publishing Company IN USA (2000)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_200_1","volume-title":"The Demon-Haunted World. Science as a Candle in the Dark","author":"Sagan C","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sagan C . The Demon-Haunted World. Science as a Candle in the Dark. Ballantine Books, NY, USA (1996)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e066375","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066375","article-title":"Efficacy of interventions to reduce long term opioid treatment for chronic non-cancer pain: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"377","author":"Avery N","year":"2022","unstructured":"Avery N , McneilageAG , StanawayFet al. Efficacy of interventions to reduce long term opioid treatment for chronic non-cancer pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ377, e066375 (2022).","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Pain Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2217\/pmt-2022-0017","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T19:50:15Z","timestamp":1715975415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.2217\/pmt-2022-0017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"references-count":199,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2217\/pmt-2022-0017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/pmt-2022-0017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-1869","1758-1877"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-1869","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1877","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope.","order":1,"name":"peerreview_statement","label":"Peer Review Statement"},{"value":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ipmt20","URL":"http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/action\/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=ipmt20","order":2,"name":"aims_and_scope_url","label":"Aim & Scope"},{"value":"2022-01-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}