{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:46:50Z","timestamp":1787024810450,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trauma complicates approximately 6\u20137% of all pregnancies and is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. While the majority of trauma is minor, it is minor trauma that contributes to the majority of fetal mortality. Since virtually every organ system is affected anatomically and physiologically by pregnancy, it is important for healthcare providers who care for trauma victims to be aware of these changes. While assessment and resuscitation considers the existence of two patients, stabilization of the mother takes priority. Diagnostic and radiologic procedures should be used as indicated, with fetal exposure to radiation limited as much as possible. Management of the pregnant trauma victim requires a multidisciplinary approach in order to optimize outcome for mother and fetus. This review discusses the epidemiology, assessment and treatment of pregnant trauma patients and reviews areas where prevention efforts may be focused.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2217\/whe.09.6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,24]],"date-time":"2009-04-24T11:04:54Z","timestamp":1240571094000},"page":"269-283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Trauma in the Obstetrical Patient"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Christina C","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christina C Hill, MD, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tripler Army Medical Center, 1 Jarrett White Road, Honolulu, HI 96859-5000, USA, Tel.: +1 808 433 1815, Fax: +1 808 433 1552,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr00101-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"Papers of special note have been highlighted as:"},{"key":"bibr00102-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"of interest"},{"key":"bibr00103-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"of considerable interest"},{"key":"bibr1-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002727-200601000-00005"},{"key":"bibr2-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(05)70090-5"},{"key":"bibr3-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(03)00038-5"},{"key":"bibr4-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199205000-00017"},{"key":"bibr5-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.02.051"},{"key":"bibr0106-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022 Use of a large Californian database in the USA provided the basis for several outcomes estimates."},{"key":"bibr6-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1990.11716423"},{"key":"bibr7-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001503-200404000-00010"},{"key":"bibr8-WHE.09.6","first-page":"1041","volume-title":"Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice","author":"Baker BW","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr9-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Motor vehicle crashes during pregnancy. ACOG Educational Bulletin No. 251 (1998)."},{"key":"bibr10-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(18)30976-X"},{"key":"bibr11-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(89)90135-2"},{"key":"bibr12-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(88)80115-7"},{"key":"bibr13-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0644(99)70165-4"},{"key":"bibr14-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199807000-00018"},{"key":"bibr15-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-994155"},{"key":"bibr16-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2005.072041"},{"key":"bibr17-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03480230068030"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr18-WHE.09.6","first-page":"1257","volume":"149","author":"Stewart DE","year":"1993","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"bibr19-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.77.10.1337"},{"key":"bibr20-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000182808.99433.55"},{"key":"bibr21-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-196604000-00021"},{"key":"bibr22-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470760086.ch3"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr23-WHE.09.6","first-page":"71","volume":"31","author":"Anderson RN","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Serv."},{"key":"bibr24-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200409000-00053"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr25-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8627(20)31063-4","volume":"5","author":"Neufeld J","year":"1987","journal-title":"Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"bibr26-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199506000-00009"},{"key":"bibr01028-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022 Demonstrated the superior sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of rapid trauma ultrasound."},{"key":"bibr27-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200104000-00016"},{"key":"bibr28-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90913-R"},{"key":"bibr01031-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 This study was the basis on which the practice of fetal monitoring for 4 h was established."},{"key":"bibr29-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90053-L"},{"key":"bibr30-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.15.1863"},{"key":"bibr31-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200211000-00022"},{"key":"bibr32-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.11.1274"},{"key":"bibr33-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.08.032"},{"key":"bibr01037-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Demonstrated that even minor trauma in pregnancy was associated with adverse pregnancy outcome."},{"key":"bibr34-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199705000-00005"},{"key":"bibr35-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198912000-00006"},{"key":"bibr36-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197803000-00004"},{"key":"bibr37-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197103252841203"},{"key":"bibr38-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200210000-00033"},{"key":"bibr39-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90979-H"},{"key":"bibr40-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199005000-00008"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr41-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00278-3","volume":"18","author":"Pearlman MD","year":"1991","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"bibr42-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AIA.0b013e3180f30fd6"},{"key":"bibr43-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90687-8"},{"key":"bibr44-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000096654.37009.B7"},{"key":"bibr45-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200007000-00003"},{"key":"bibr46-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199704000-00028"},{"key":"bibr47-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000209599.76059.06"},{"key":"bibr48-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211143"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr49-WHE.09.6","first-page":"912","volume":"35","author":"Fort A","year":"1970","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr50-WHE.09.6","first-page":"33","volume":"75","author":"Williams JK","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr51-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.067"},{"key":"bibr01056-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022 Presents maternal and fetal outcomes associated with fractures that require hospitalization."},{"key":"bibr52-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13561820600959253"},{"key":"bibr53-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(00)00245-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr54-WHE.09.6","first-page":"27","volume":"100","author":"McFarlane J","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr55-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912163412505"},{"key":"bibr56-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.11.1707"},{"key":"bibr57-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70223-5"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr58-WHE.09.6","first-page":"323","volume":"84","author":"Parker B","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr59-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199709000-00022"},{"key":"bibr60-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199605000-00004"},{"key":"bibr61-WHE.09.6","first-page":"82","volume-title":"Trauma in Pregnancy.","author":"Buchsbaum H","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr62-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999539"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr63-WHE.09.6","first-page":"259","volume":"83","author":"Awwad J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr64-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470760086.ch37"},{"key":"bibr65-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199801000-00024"},{"key":"bibr66-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(71)90215-8"},{"key":"bibr67-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(93)90051-8"},{"key":"bibr68-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-198606000-00024"},{"key":"bibr69-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(99)00190-0"},{"key":"bibr70-WHE.09.6","first-page":"389","volume-title":"The Parkland Trauma Handbook.","author":"Reiss G","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr71-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(21)00556-8","volume":"22","author":"Lavery J","year":"1995","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"bibr72-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-4179(97)00055-7"},{"key":"bibr73-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2003.03362_28.x"},{"key":"bibr74-WHE.09.6","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Emergency Airway Management.","author":"Schneider R","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr75-WHE.09.6","first-page":"942","volume-title":"Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice","author":"Baker BW","year":"2004","edition":"3"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr76-WHE.09.6","first-page":"571","volume":"68","author":"Katz VL","year":"1986","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr01082-WHE.09.6","unstructured":"\u2022\u2022 Established the concept of the \u20184-min rule\u2019."},{"key":"bibr77-WHE.09.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.02.038"}],"container-title":["Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2217\/WHE.09.6","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.2217\/WHE.09.6","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2217\/WHE.09.6","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T15:02:14Z","timestamp":1741618934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2217\/WHE.09.6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2217\/WHE.09.6"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/whe.09.6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-5057","1745-5065"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-5057","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-5065","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]}}}