{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T02:07:39Z","timestamp":1793066859037,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Stroke, the sudden onset of brain dysfunction from a vascular cause, is one of the most common causes of long-term disability. Although rare during childbearing years, stroke is even more devastating when it occurs in a young woman trying to start a family. Pregnancy and the postpartum period are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, although the incidence estimates have varied. There are several causes of stroke that are in fact unique to pregnancy and the postpartum period, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, amniotic fluid embolus, postpartum angiopathy and postpartum cardiomyopathy. Data regarding these individual entities are scant. Most concerning is the lack of data regarding both prevention and acute management of pregnancy-related stroke. The purpose of this article is to summarize existing data regarding incidence, risk factors and potential etiologies, as well as treatment strategies for stroke in pregnancy. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2217\/whe.11.19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,25]],"date-time":"2011-05-25T15:47:29Z","timestamp":1306338449000},"page":"363-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Pregnancy and Stroke Risk in Women"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Tate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Stroke Center, Women's Health Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Bushnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Stroke Center, Women's Health Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"Papers of special note have been highlighted as:"},{"key":"bibr2a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"of interest"},{"key":"bibr3a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"of considerable interest"},{"key":"bibr1-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199609123351102"},{"key":"bibr4a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"One of the first population-based studies with patient-level data to show that the highest risk for stroke is during the postpartum period."},{"key":"bibr2-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(96)00516-9"},{"key":"bibr3-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.6.1622"},{"key":"bibr4-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.6.1274"},{"key":"bibr5-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000172428.78411.b0"},{"key":"bibr6a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"One of the first studies with the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to use specific ninth edition of the International Classification of Diseases codes for stroke and risk factors (such as migraine), rather than just the pregnancy-related ninth edition of the International Classification of Diseases codes."},{"key":"bibr6-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.2.280"},{"key":"bibr7-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000228277.84760.a2"},{"key":"bibr7a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"The analysis for this study was a case\u2013control with nonpregnant women, and so specifically outlines the timing, risk factors and incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage in pregnancy."},{"key":"bibr8-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.6.930"},{"key":"bibr9-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199012000-00001"},{"key":"bibr8a-WHE.11.19","unstructured":"One of the best reviews of hemorrhagic stroke and its treatment during pregnancy."},{"key":"bibr10-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-1-200701020-00007"},{"key":"bibr11-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.12.2948"},{"key":"bibr12-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01490.x"},{"key":"bibr13-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e31820a8364"},{"key":"bibr14-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200107000-00016"},{"key":"bibr15-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70397-8"},{"key":"bibr16-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.24.12.1880"},{"key":"bibr17-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.2.269"},{"key":"bibr18-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2007.066167"},{"key":"bibr19-WHE.11.19","first-page":"63","volume":"90","author":"Wilterdink JL","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv. 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Churchill Livingstone, NY, USA 623\u2013647 (1998)."},{"key":"bibr27-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.510107"},{"key":"bibr28-WHE.11.19","first-page":"320627","author":"McKinney J","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke Res. Treat."},{"key":"bibr29-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0001-6349.2004.00281.x"},{"key":"bibr30-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1076-6332(99)80213-X"},{"key":"bibr31-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127376"},{"key":"bibr32-WHE.11.19","first-page":"1319","volume":"101","author":"Coomarasamy A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"bibr33-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181e9322a"},{"key":"bibr34-WHE.11.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furie K, Kasner S, Adams R, Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack. 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