{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T07:38:31Z","timestamp":1747208311271,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1566777600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quantum"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We study the dynamics of a quantum system <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> with an environment <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u039e<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> made of <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> elementary quantum components. We aim at answering the following questions: can the evolution of <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> be characterized by some general features when <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> becomes very large, regardless of the specific form of its interaction with each and every component of <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u039e<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>? In other terms: should we expect all quantum systems with a macroscopic environment to undergo a somehow similar evolution? And if yes, of what type? In order to answer these questions we use well established results from large-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> quantum field theories, particularly referring to the conditions ensuring a large-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> quantum model to be effectively described by a classical theory. We demonstrate that the fulfillment of these conditions, when properly imported into the framework of the open quantum systems dynamics, guarantees that the evolution of <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> is always of the same type of that expected if <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u039e<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> were a measuring apparatus, no matter the details of the actual interaction. On the other hand, such details are found to determine the specific basis w.r.t. which <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> undergoes the decoherence dictated by the dynamical description of the quantum measurement process. This result wears two hats: on the one hand it clarifies the physical origin of the formal statement that, under certain conditions, any channel from <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:msub><mml:mi>\u03c1<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u0393<\/mml:mi><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math> to <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><mml:msub><mml:mi>\u03c1<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u039e<\/mml:mi><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math> takes the form of a measure-and-prepare map, as recently shown in Ref. \\cite{BrandaoPH15}; on the other hand, it formalizes the qualitative argument that the reason why we do not observe state superpositions is the continual measurement performed by the environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2019-08-26-179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]],"date-time":"2019-08-26T10:00:27Z","timestamp":1566813627000},"page":"179","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Whenever a quantum environment emerges as a classical system, it behaves like a measuring apparatus"],"prefix":"10.22331","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Foti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy"},{"name":"INFN, Sezione di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2405-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teiko","family":"Heinosaari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QTF Centre of Excellence, Turku Centre for Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FIN-20014, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8559-0828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Maniscalco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QTF Centre of Excellence, Turku Centre for Quantum Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FIN-20014, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9072-6117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Verrucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISC-CNR, at Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy"},{"name":"INFN, Sezione di Firenze, I-50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"9598","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,26]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"F.G.S.L. 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