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This is accomplished by randomly inserting measure-and-prepare channels to express the output state of a large circuit as a separable state across distinct devices. Our method employs randomized measurements, resulting in a sample overhead that is O<\/mml:mi>&#x007E;<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover><\/mml:mrow>(<\/mml:mo>4<\/mml:mn>k<\/mml:mi><\/mml:msup>\/<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow>&#x03B5;<\/mml:mi>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup>)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math>, where &#x03B5;<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> is the accuracy of the computation and k<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> the number of parallel wires that are \"cut\" to obtain smaller sub-circuits. We also show an information-theoretic lower bound of &#x03A9;<\/mml:mi>(<\/mml:mo>2<\/mml:mn>k<\/mml:mi><\/mml:msup>\/<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow>&#x03B5;<\/mml:mi>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msup>)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math> for any comparable procedure. We use our techniques to show that circuits in the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with p<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> entangling layers can be simulated by circuits on a fraction of the original number of qubits with an overhead that is roughly 2<\/mml:mn>O<\/mml:mi>(<\/mml:mo>p<\/mml:mi>&#x03BA;<\/mml:mi>)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>, where &#x03BA;<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> is the size of a known balanced vertex separator of the graph which encodes the optimization problem. We obtain numerical evidence of practical speedups using our method applied to the QAOA, compared to prior work. Finally, we investigate the practical feasibility of applying the circuit cutting procedure to large-scale QAOA problems on clustered graphs by using a 30<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>-qubit simulator to evaluate the variational energy of a 129<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>-qubit problem as well as carry out a 62<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>-qubit optimization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2023-03-02-934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T16:51:04Z","timestamp":1677775864000},"page":"934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Fast quantum circuit cutting with randomized measurements"],"prefix":"10.22331","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Angus","family":"Lowe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"},{"name":"Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA"}]},{"given":"Matija","family":"Medvidovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"},{"name":"Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, NY, 10010, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, 10027, USA"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Lee J.","family":"O'Riordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Bromley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Juan Miguel","family":"Arrazola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Killoran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xanadu, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C8, Canada"}]}],"member":"9598","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"0","unstructured":"https:\/\/github.com\/XanaduAI\/randomized-measurements-circuit-cutting (2022)."},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scott Aaronsonand Daniel Gottesman ``Improved simulation of stabilizer circuits'' Phys. 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