{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:28:48Z","timestamp":1778304528269,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, National Quantum Information Science Research Centers, Co-design Center for Quantum Advantage","award":["DE-SC0012704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0012704"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["quantum-journal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quantum"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this paper, we present two constructions of quantum locally testable codes (QLTC) with constant soundness. In the first approach, we introduce an operation called check product, and show how this operation gives rise to QLTCs of constant soundness, constant rate, and distance scaling with locality. In the second approach, we consider hypergraph product of a quantum code and a classical repetition code, and observe a special case in which the soundness of component codes is preserved. This insight leads us to construct QLTCs of constant soundness, scalable rate and distance, and constant average locality. Our work marks a step towards constructing QLTCs of high soundness and distance, which would give a different construction to the No Low-Energy Trivial States (NLTS) theorem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2024-10-18-1501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T12:48:31Z","timestamp":1729255711000},"page":"1501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Quantum Locally Testable Code with Constant Soundness"],"prefix":"10.22331","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Cross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, United States."},{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Natarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Szegedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanyu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, United States."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"9598","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dorit Aharonov, Itai Arad, and Thomas Vidick, ``Guest column: the quantum PCP conjecture&apos;&apos; SIGACT News 44, 47-79 (2013).","DOI":"10.1145\/2491533.2491549"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anurag Anshu, Nikolas P. Breuckmann, and Chinmay Nirkhe, ``NLTS Hamiltonians from Good Quantum Codes&apos;&apos; (2023).","DOI":"10.1145\/3564246.3585114"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dorit Aharonovand Lior Eldar ``Quantum Locally Testable Codes&apos;&apos; SIAM Journal on Computing 44, 1230\u20131262 (2015).","DOI":"10.1137\/140975498"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanjeev Arora, Carsten Lund, Rajeev Motwani, Madhu Sudan, and Mario Szegedy, ``Proof verification and the hardness of approximation problems&apos;&apos; 45 (1998).","DOI":"10.1145\/278298.278306"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nikolas P. Breuckmannand Jens N. Eberhardt ``Balanced Product Quantum Codes&apos;&apos; IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 67, 6653\u20136674 (2021).","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2021.3097347"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. Blum, M. Luby, and R. Rubinfeld, ``Self-testing\/correcting with applications to numerical problems&apos;&apos; Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing 73\u201383 (1990).","DOI":"10.1145\/100216.100225"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Earl T Campbell ``A theory of single-shot error correction for adversarial noise&apos;&apos; Quantum Science and Technology 4, 025006 (2019).","DOI":"10.1088\/2058-9565\/aafc8f"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Irit Dinur, Shai Evra, Ron Livne, Alexander Lubotzky, and Shahar Mozes, ``Locally testable codes with constant rate, distance, and locality&apos;&apos; Proceedings of the 54th Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing 357\u2013374 (2022).","DOI":"10.1145\/3519935.3520024"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Irit Dinur, Min-Hsiu Hsieh, Ting-Chun Lin, and Thomas Vidick, ``Good Quantum LDPC Codes with Linear Time Decoders&apos;&apos; Proceedings of the 55th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing 905\u2013918 (2023).","DOI":"10.1145\/3564246.3585101"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Irit Dinur ``The PCP theorem by gap amplification&apos;&apos; J. ACM 54, 12\u2013es (2007).","DOI":"10.1145\/1236457.1236459"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. Eldarand A. W. Harrow ``Local Hamiltonians Whose Ground States Are Hard to Approximate&apos;&apos; 2017 IEEE 58th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS) 427\u2013438 (2017).","DOI":"10.1109\/FOCS.2017.46"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Michael Freedmanand Matthew Hastings ``Quantum Systems on Non-$k$-Hyperfinite Complexes: A Generalization of Classical Statistical Mechanics on Expander Graphs&apos;&apos; Quantum Information and Computation 14 (2013).","DOI":"10.26421\/QIC14.1-2-9"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mathew B. Hastings ``Weight reduction for quantum codes&apos;&apos; Quant. Inf. Comput. 17, 1307\u20131334 (2017).","DOI":"10.26421\/QIC17.15-16-4"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matthew B. Hastings ``Quantum Codes from High-Dimensional Manifolds&apos;&apos; 8th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2017) 67, 25:1\u201325:26 (2017).","DOI":"10.4230\/LIPIcs.ITCS.2017.25"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matthew B. Hastings, Jeongwan Haah, and Ryan O&apos;Donnell, ``Fiber bundle codes: breaking the $n^{1\/2}$ polylog(n) barrier for Quantum LDPC codes&apos;&apos; Proceedings of the 53rd Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing 1276\u20131288 (2021).","DOI":"10.1145\/3406325.3451005"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anthony Leverrier, Vivien Londe, and Gilles Z\u00e9mor, ``Towards local testability for quantum coding&apos;&apos; Quantum 6, 661 (2022).","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2022-02-24-661"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Leverrierand G. Zemor ``Quantum Tanner codes&apos;&apos; 2022 IEEE 63rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS) 872\u2013883 (2022).","DOI":"10.1109\/FOCS54457.2022.00117"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pavel Panteleevand Gleb Kalachev ``Asymptotically good Quantum and locally testable classical LDPC codes&apos;&apos; Proceedings of the 54th Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing 375\u2013388 (2022).","DOI":"10.1145\/3519935.3520017"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pavel Panteleevand Gleb Kalachev ``Quantum LDPC Codes With Almost Linear Minimum Distance&apos;&apos; IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 68, 213\u2013229 (2022).","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2021.3119384"}],"container-title":["Quantum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/quantum-journal.org\/papers\/q-2024-10-18-1501\/pdf\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T12:48:34Z","timestamp":1729255714000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/quantum-journal.org\/papers\/q-2024-10-18-1501\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"references-count":19,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-2024-10-18-1501","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2521-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2521-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"article-number":"1501"}}