{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T03:55:00Z","timestamp":1780977300648,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Verein zur Forderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Irish Research Council","award":["IRCLA\/2022\/3922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRCLA\/2022\/3922"]}]},{"name":"Irish Research Council","award":["GOIPG\/2022\/2321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GOIPG\/2022\/2321"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000925","name":"John Templeton Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["62423"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62423"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["quantum-journal.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Quantum"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We consider the estimation of parameters encoded in the measurement record of a continuously monitored quantum system in the jump unraveling, corresponding to a single-shot scenario, where information is continuously gathered. Here, it is generally difficult to assess the precision of the estimation procedure via the Fisher Information due to intricate temporal correlations and memory effects. In this paper we provide a full set of solutions to this problem. First, for multi-channel renewal processes we relate the Fisher Information to an underlying Markov chain and derive a easily computable expression for it. For non-renewal processes, we introduce a new algorithm that combines two methods: the monitoring operator method for metrology and the Gillespie algorithm which allows for efficient sampling of a stochastic form of the Fisher Information along individual quantum trajectories. We show that this stochastic Fisher Information satisfies useful properties related to estimation on a single run. Finally, we consider the case where some information is lost in data compression\/post-selection and provide tools for computing the Fisher Information in this case. All scenarios are illustrated with instructive examples from quantum optics and condensed matter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2026-02-02-1993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T10:53:14Z","timestamp":1770029594000},"page":"1993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Parameter estimation for quantum jump unraveling"],"prefix":"10.22331","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Marco","family":"Radaelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland"},{"name":"Trinity Quantum Alliance, Unit 16, Trinity Technology and Enterprise Centre, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Smiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel T.","family":"Landi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix C.","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland"},{"name":"Trinity Quantum Alliance, Unit 16, Trinity Technology and Enterprise Centre, Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"9598","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lewis A. Clark, Adam Stokes, and Almut Beige, Phys. Rev. A, 99 022102 (2019), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.99.022102.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.99.022102"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K. Micadei, D. A. Rowlands, F. A. Pollock, L. C. C\u00e9leri, R. M. Serra, and K. Modi, New J. Phys., 17 023057 (2015), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/2\/023057.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/2\/023057"},{"key":"2","unstructured":"Paul M. Riechers, arXiv:2310.03968."},{"key":"3","unstructured":"Heinz-Peter Breuer and Francesco Petruccione, The theory of open quantum systems, Oxford University Press (2002)."},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howard M. Wiseman and Gerard J. Milburn, Quantum measurement and control, Cambridge University Press (2009).","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511813948"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bassano Vacchini, Sci. Rep., 10 5592 (2020), 10.1038\/s41598-020-62260-z.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-62260-z"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alexander Holm Kiilerich and Klaus M\u00f8lmer, Phys. Rev. A, 89 052110 (2014), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.89.052110.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.89.052110"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marco Radaelli, Gabriel T. Landi, Kavan Modi, and Felix C. Binder, New J. Phys., 25 053037 (2023), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/acd321.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/acd321"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S\u00f8ren Gammelmark and Klaus M\u00f8lmer, Phys. Rev. Lett., 112 170401 (2014), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.112.170401.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.112.170401"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joseph A. Smiga, Marco Radaelli, Felix C. Binder, and Gabriel T. Landi, Phys. Rev. Res., 5 033150 (2023), 10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.033150.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.033150"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tobias Brandes, Ann. Phys., 520 477\u2013496 (2008), 10.1063\/1.3037125.","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3037125"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pablo Zegers, Entropy, 17 4918\u20134939 (2015), 10.3390\/e17074918.","DOI":"10.3390\/e17074918"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"Gabriel T. Landi, arXiv:2305.07957."},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S\u00f8ren Gammelmark and Klaus M\u00f8lmer, Phys. Rev. A, 87 032115 (2013), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.87.032115.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.87.032115"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Francesco Albarelli, Matteo A. C. Rossi, Dario Tamascelli, and Marco G. Genoni, Quantum, 2 110 (2018), 10.22331\/q-2018-12-03-110.","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2018-12-03-110"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pierre Rouchon and Jason F. Ralph, Phys. Rev. A, 91 012118 (2015), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.91.012118.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.91.012118"},{"key":"16","unstructured":"Pierre Rouchon, arXiv:1407.7810."},{"key":"17","unstructured":"Aad W. van der Vaart, Asymptotic statistics, Cambridge University Press (2000)."},{"key":"18","unstructured":"Thomas M. Cover and Joy A. Thomas, Elements of information theory, Wiley (1991)."},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marco Radaelli, Gabriel T. Landi, and Felix C. Binder, Phys. Rev. A, 110 062212 (2024), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.110.062212.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.110.062212"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daniel T. Gillespie, J. Comput. Phys., 22 403\u2013434 (1976), 10.1016\/0021-9991(76)90041-3.","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9991(76)90041-3"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daniel T. Gillespie, J. Phys. Chem., 81 2340\u20132361 (1977), 10.1021\/j100540a008.","DOI":"10.1021\/j100540a008"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"Marco Radaelli, Fisher\u2013Gillespie algorithm in Julia (2024)."},{"key":"23","unstructured":"Steven M. Kay, Fundamentals of statistical signal processing: estimation theory, Prentice-Hall (1993)."},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rafa\u0142 Demkowicz-Dobrza\u0144ski, Wojciech G\u00f3recki, and M\u0103d\u0103lin Gu\u0163\u0103, J. Phys. A Math. Theor., 53 363001 (2020), 10.1088\/1751-8121\/ab8ef3.","DOI":"10.1088\/1751-8121\/ab8ef3"},{"key":"25","unstructured":"Harry L. Van Trees, Detection, estimation, and modulation theory, John Wiley & Sons (2004)."},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ronald A. Fisher, Philos. Trans. R. Soc., 222 309\u2013368 (1922), 10.1007\/978-1-4612-0919-5_2.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-0919-5_2"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harald Cram\u00e9r, Mathematical Methods of Statistics, Princeton University Press (1946).","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400883868"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ryan G. James, John R. Mahoney, Christopher J. Ellison, and James P. Crutchfield, Phys. Rev. E, 89 042135 (2014), 10.1103\/PhysRevE.89.042135.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.89.042135"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sarah E. Marzen and James P. Crutchfield, Entropy, 17 4891\u20134917 (2015), 10.3390\/e17074891.","DOI":"10.3390\/e17074891"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Julia Boeyens, Bj\u00f6rn Annby-Andersson, Pharnam Bakhshinezhad, G\u00e9raldine Haack, Mart\u00ed Perarnau-Llobet, Stefan Nimmrichter, Patrick P. Potts, and Mohammad Mehboudi, New J. Phys., 25 123009 (2023), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/ad0e8a.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/ad0e8a"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone, Phys. Rev. Lett., 96 010401 (2006), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.96.010401.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.96.010401"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vittorio Giovannetti, Seth Lloyd, and Lorenzo Maccone, Nat. Photon., 5 222\u2013229 (2011), 10.1038\/nphoton.2011.35.","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2011.35"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daniel Burgarth, Vittorio Giovannetti, Airi N. Kato, and Kazuya Yuasa, New J. Phys., 17 113055 (2015), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/11\/113055.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/11\/113055"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stella Seah, Stefan Nimmrichter, Daniel Grimmer, Jader P. Santos, Valerio Scarani, and Gabriel T. Landi, Phys. Rev. Lett., 123 180602 (2019), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.123.180602.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.123.180602"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eoin O\u2019Connor, Bassano Vacchini, and Steve Campbell, Entropy, 23 1634 (2021), 10.3390\/e23121634.","DOI":"10.3390\/e23121634"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alexander Holm Kiilerich and Klaus M\u00f8lmer, Phys. Rev. A, 94 032103 (2016), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.94.032103.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.94.032103"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Julia Amoros-Binefa and Jan Ko\u0142ody\u0144ski, New J. Phys., 23 123030 (2021), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/ac3b71.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/ac3b71"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matteo G. A. Paris, Int. J. Quantum Inf., 7 125\u2013137 (2009), 10.1142\/S0219749909004839.","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219749909004839"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daniel Braun, Gerardo Adesso, Fabio Benatti, Roberto Floreanini, Ugo Marzolino, Morgan W. Mitchell, and Stefano Pirandola, Rev. Mod. Phys., 90 035006 (2018), 10.1103\/RevModPhys.90.035006.","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.90.035006"},{"key":"40","unstructured":"Luca Pezz\u00e8 and Augusto Smerzi, arXiv:1411.5164."},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luca Pezz\u00e8, Augusto Smerzi, Markus K. Oberthaler, Roman Schmied, and Philipp Treutlein, Rev. Mod. Phys., 90 035005 (2018), 10.1103\/RevModPhys.90.035005.","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.90.035005"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alexander Ly, Maarten Marsman, Josine Verhagen, Raoul P. P. P. Grasman, and Eric-Jan Wagenmakers, J. Math. Psychol., 80 40\u201355 (2017), 10.1016\/j.jmp.2017.05.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2017.05.006"},{"key":"43","unstructured":"Yaoling Yang, Victor Montenegro, and Abolfazl Bayat, arXiv:2308.03370."},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"H. E. D. Scovil and E. O. Schulz-DuBois, Phys. Rev. Lett., 2 262\u2013263 (1959), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.2.262.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.2.262"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alex Arash Sand Kalaee, Andreas Wacker, and Patrick P. Potts, Phys. Rev. E, 104 L012103 (2021), 10.1103\/PhysRevE.104.L012103.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.104.L012103"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan Van Vu and Keiji Saito, Phys. Rev. Lett., 128 140602 (2022), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.128.140602.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.128.140602"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ram Zamir, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 44 1246\u20131250 (1998), 10.1109\/18.669301.","DOI":"10.1109\/18.669301"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Christopher Ferrie, Phys. Rev. A, 90 014101 (2014), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.90.014101.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.90.014101"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marlan O. Scully and M. Suhail Zubairy, in Quantum Optics, Cambridge University Press, 383\u2013401 (1997).","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511813993"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Meschede, H. Walther, and G. M\u00fcller, Phys. Rev. Lett., 54 551\u2013554 (1985), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.54.551.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.54.551"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"P. Filipowicz, J. Javanainen, and P. Meystre, Phys. Rev. A, 34 3077\u20133087 (1986), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.34.3077.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.34.3077"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. A. Lugiato, M. O. Scully, and H. Walther, Phys. Rev. A, 36 740\u2013743 (1987), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.36.740.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.36.740"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ufuk Korkmaz and Deniz T\u00fcrkpen\u00e7e, Phys. Rev. A, 107 012432 (2023), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.107.012432.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.107.012432"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chimdessa Gashu Feyisa and H. H. Jen, New J. Phys., 26 033038 (2024), 10.1088\/1367-2630\/ad32e5.","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/ad32e5"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. B. Mikhalychev, S. V. Vlasenko, and S. Ya. Kilin, Phys. Rev. A, 105 063723 (2022), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.105.063723.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.105.063723"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hendra I. Nurdin and M\u0103d\u0103lin Gu\u0163\u0103, Annu. Rev. Control, 54 295\u2013304 (2022), 10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2022.04.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcontrol.2022.04.012"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mankei Tsang, Howard M. Wiseman, and Carlton M. Caves, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106 090401 (2011), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.090401.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.090401"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alfred Godley and Madalin Guta, Quantum, 7 973 (2023), 10.22331\/q-2023-04-06-973.","DOI":"10.22331\/q-2023-04-06-973"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Antonella De Pasquale, Kazuya Yuasa, and Vittorio Giovannetti, Phys. Rev. A, 96 012316 (2017), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.96.012316.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.96.012316"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Calum A. Brown, Katarzyna Macieszczak, and Robert L. Jack, Phys. Rev. A, 109 022244 (2024), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.109.022244.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.109.022244"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Federico Carollo, Robert L. Jack, and Juan P. Garrahan, Phys. Rev. Lett., 122 130605 (2019), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.130605.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.122.130605"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dominic W. Berry, Mankei Tsang, Michael J. W. Hall, and Howard M. Wiseman, Phys. Rev. X, 5 031018 (2015), 10.1103\/PhysRevX.5.031018.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevX.5.031018"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luc Bouten, Madalin Guta, and Hans Maassen, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen., 37 3189 (2004), 10.1088\/0305-4470\/37\/9\/010.","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/37\/9\/010"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merlijn van Horssen and M\u0103d\u0103lin Gu\u0163\u0103, J. Math. Phys., 56 022109 (2015), 10.1063\/1.4907995.","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4907995"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M\u0103d\u0103lin Gu\u0163\u0103, Phys. Rev. A, 83 062324 (2011), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.83.062324.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.83.062324"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Luis Cortez, Areeya Chantasri, Luis Pedro Garc\u00eda-Pintos, Justin Dressel, and Andrew N. Jordan, Phys. Rev. A, 95 012314 (2017), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.95.012314.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.95.012314"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hideo Mabuchi, J. Opt. B: Quantum Semiclass., 8 1103 (1996), 10.1088\/1355-5111\/8\/6\/002.","DOI":"10.1088\/1355-5111\/8\/6\/002"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"R. Vijay, D. H. Slichter, and I. Siddiqi, Phys. Rev. Lett., 106 110502 (2011), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.110502.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.110502"},{"key":"69","unstructured":"Karthik Siva, Gerwin Koolstra, John Steinmetz, William P. Livingston, Debmalya Das, Larry Chen, John Mark Kreikebaum, Noah Stevenson, Christian J\u00fcnger, David I. Santiago, et al., arXiv:2211.07718."},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jay Gambetta and H. M. Wiseman, Phys. Rev. A, 64 042105 (2001), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.64.042105.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.64.042105"},{"key":"71","unstructured":"Enrico Rinaldi, Manuel Gonz\u00e1lez Lastre, Sergio Garc\u00eda Herreros, Shahnawaz Ahmed, Maryam Khanahmadi, Franco Nori, and Carlos S\u00e1nchez Mu\u00f1oz, arXiv:2310.02309."},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"S\u00e9bastien Gleyzes, Stefan Kuhr, Christine Guerlin, Julien Bernu, Samuel Del\u00e9glise, Ulrich Busk Hoff, Michel Brune, Jean-Michel Raimond, and Serge Haroche, Nature, 446 297\u2013300 (2007), 10.1038\/nature05589.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05589"},{"key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. Rybarczyk, B. Peaudecerf, M. Penasa, S. Gerlich, B. Julsgaard, K. M\u00f8lmer, S. Gleyzes, M. Brune, J.-M. Raimond, S. Haroche, and I. Dotsenko, Phys. Rev. A, 91 062116 (2015), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.91.062116.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.91.062116"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Kubanek, M. Koch, C. Sames, A. Ourjoumtsev, P. W. H. Pinkse, K. Murr, and G. Rempe, Nature, 462 898\u2013901 (2009), 10.1038\/nature08563.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08563"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Juan P. Garrahan and Igor Lesanovsky, Phys. Rev. Lett., 104 160601 (2010), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.104.160601.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.104.160601"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"M. B. Plenio and P. L. Knight, Rev. Mod. Phys., 70 101\u2013144 (1998), 10.1103\/RevModPhys.70.101.","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.70.101"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kacper Prech, Philip Johansson, Elias Nyholm, Gabriel T. Landi, Claudio Verdozzi, Peter Samuelsson, and Patrick P. Potts, Phys. Rev. Res., 5 023155 (2023), 10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.023155.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.5.023155"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sourav Bhattacharyya, Victor Montenegro, and Abolfazl Bayat, Phys. Rev. Lett., 130 067201 (2023), 10.1103\/PhysRevLett.130.067201.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.130.067201"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lucas S. Moreira, Gabriel T. Landi, and Patrick P. Potts, Phys. Rev. A, 109 012214 (2024), 10.1103\/PhysRevA.109.012214.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.109.012214"}],"container-title":["Quantum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/quantum-journal.org\/papers\/q-2026-02-02-1993\/pdf\/","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T10:53:17Z","timestamp":1770029597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/quantum-journal.org\/papers\/q-2026-02-02-1993\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"references-count":80,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22331\/q-2026-02-02-1993","archive":["CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2521-327X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2521-327X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"article-number":"1993"}}