{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T10:53:14Z","timestamp":1766400794433,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Virtus Interpress","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examines how country-level gender parity interacts with board characteristics to affect environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance in sustainable European firms. Higher gender parity nations amplify the positive effects of women on boards, non-executive directors, and stakeholder engagement on ESG while reducing the negative impacts of busy directors. Surprisingly, the combined effect of board gender diversity and national gender parity on ESG is negative, contrary to expectations. These findings enrich research on board characteristics and ESG performance, emphasizing the overlooked role of gender parity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22495\/cgrapp8","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T14:10:33Z","timestamp":1729087833000},"page":"53-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Do good governance practices, moderated by gender parity, strengthen environmental, social, and governance performance for European companies?"],"prefix":"10.22495","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3710-9101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo Juan","family":"Grau Grau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3715-0881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel Castelo","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6507-1411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Bel Oms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"9787","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al Amosh, H., & Khatib, S. F. (2021). Corporate governance and voluntary disclosure of sustainability performance: The case of Jordan. SN Business & Economics, 1(12), Article 165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s43546-021-00167-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s43546-021-00167-1"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Basuony, M. A. K., Mohamed, E. K. A., & Samaha, K. (2018). Board structure and corporate disclosure via social media: An empirical study in the UK. Online Information Review, 42(5), 595-614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/OIR-01-2017-0013","DOI":"10.1108\/OIR-01-2017-0013"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cambrea, D. R., Paolone, F., & Cucari, N. (2023). Advisory or monitoring role in ESG scenario: Which women directors are more influential in the Italian context? Business Strategy and the Environment, 32(7), 4299-4319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.3366","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.3366"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Campanella, F., Serino, L., Crisci, A., & D'Ambra, A. (2021). The role of corporate governance in environmental policy disclosure and sustainable development. Generalized estimating equations in longitudinal count data analysis. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1), 474-484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/csr.2062","DOI":"10.1002\/csr.2062"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cooper, E. W., & Uzun, H. (2022). Busy outside directors and ESG performance. Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20430795.2022.2122687","DOI":"10.1080\/20430795.2022.2122687"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Core, J. E., Holthausen, R. W., & Larcker, D. F. (1999). Corporate governance, chief executive officer compensation, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 51(3), 371-406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0304-405X(98)00058-0","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-405X(98)00058-0"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daily, C. M., & Dalton, D. R. (2003). Women in the boardroom: A business imperative. Journal of Business Strategy, 24(5). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/jbs.2003.28824eaf.002","DOI":"10.1108\/jbs.2003.28824eaf.002"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dyck, A., Lins, K. V., Roth, L., Towner, M., & Wagner, H. F. (2023). Renewable governance: Good for the environment? Journal of Accounting Research, 61(1), 279-327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1475-679X.12462","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-679X.12462"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Elyasiani, E., & Zhang, L. (2015). Bank holding company performance, risk, and \"busy\" board of directors. Journal of Banking & Finance, 60, 239-251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbankfin.2015.08.022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbankfin.2015.08.022"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"European Commission. (2019). The European Green Deal (COM(2019) 640 final). https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/resource.html?uri=cellar:b828d165-1c22-11ea-8c1f-01aa75ed71a1.0002.02\/DOC_1&format=PDF"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gangi, F., Daniele, L. M., D'Angelo, E., Varrone, N., & Coscia, M. (2023). The impact of board gender diversity on banks' environmental policy: The moderating role of gender inequality in national culture. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 30(3), 1273-1291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/csr.2418","DOI":"10.1002\/csr.2418"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Garcia-Sanchez, I.-M., Cuadrado-Ballesteros, B., & Sepulveda, C. (2014). Does media pressure moderate CSR disclosures by external directors? Management Decision, 52(6), 1014-1045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/MD-09-2013-0446","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-09-2013-0446"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gul, F. A., Hutchinson, M., & Lai, K. M. Y. (2013). Gender-diverse boards and properties of analyst earnings forecasts. Accounting Horizons, 27(3), 511-538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2308\/acch-50486","DOI":"10.2308\/acch-50486"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Haque, F. (2017). The effects of board characteristics and sustainable compensation policy on carbon performance of UK firms. The British Accounting Review, 49(3), 347-364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bar.2017.01.001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bar.2017.01.001"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Homroy, S., & Slechten, A. (2019). Do board expertise and networked boards affect environmental performance? Journal of Business Ethics, 158, 269-292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10551-017-3769-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-017-3769-y"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hutchinson, M., & Gul, F. A. (2004). Investment opportunity set, corporate governance practices and firm performance. Journal of Corporate Finance, 10(4), 595-614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0929-1199(03)00022-1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-1199(03)00022-1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ibrahim, N. A., & Angelidis, J. P. (1995). The corporate social responsiveness orientation of board members: Are there differences between inside and outside directors? Journal of Business Ethics, 14, 405-410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00872102","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00872102"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1979). Rights and production functions: An application to labor-managed firms and codetermination. The Journal of Business, 52(4), 469-506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/296060","DOI":"10.1086\/296060"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lee, M. T., & Raschke, R. L. (2023). Stakeholder legitimacy in firm greening and financial performance: What about greenwashing temptations? Journal of Business Research, 155, Article 113393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.113393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.113393"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lewellyn, K., & Muller-Kahle, M. (2023). ESG leaders or laggards? A configurational analysis of ESG Performance. Business & Society, 63(5), 1149-1202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00076503231182688","DOI":"10.1177\/00076503231182688"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Liu, J., & Andersson, T. (2014). Mind the gap: Expectations on the role of UK non-executive directors (Regent's Working Papers in Business & Management, Working Paper 1402). Regent's University London. https:\/\/www.regents.ac.uk\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-11\/RWPBM1402-Liu-J-Andersson-T.pdf"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lokuwaduge, C. S. D. S., & Heenetigala, K. (2017). Integrating environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosure for a sustainable development: An Australian study. Business Strategy and the Environment, 26(4), 438-450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.1927","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.1927"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Luu, E. (2022). Three essays on corporate governance and ESG investing [PhD dissertation, University of Bristol]. University of Bristol. https:\/\/research-information.bris.ac.uk\/ws\/portalfiles\/portal\/326848173\/EllieLuu_thesis.pdf"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maneenop, S., Padungsaksawasdi, S., & Treepongkaruna, S. (2024). Co-opted board, environment, social and governance. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(2), 1161-1172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.3540","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.3540"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Myllys, K. (1999). The role of non-executive board and the CEO in managing the change: A survival battle in Finnish banking. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 7(4), 311-323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-8683.00162","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8683.00162"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nadeem, M., Bahadar, S., Gull, A. A., & Iqbal, U. (2020). Are women eco\u2010friendly? Board gender diversity and environmental innovation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(8), 3146-3161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.2563","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.2563"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ortiz-de-Mandojana, N., Arag\u00f3n-Correa, J. A., Delgado-Ceballos, J., & Ferr\u00f3n-V\u00edlchez, V. (2012). The effect of director interlocks on firms' adoption of proactive environmental strategies. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 20(20, 164-178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-8683.2011.00893.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8683.2011.00893.x"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Perry, T., & Peyer, U. (2005). Board seat accumulation by executives: A shareholder's perspective. Journal of Finance, 60(4), 2083-2123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-6261.2005.00788.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6261.2005.00788.x"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pinheiro, P., & Sarmento, M. (2022). \u00bfLa Composicion del Consejo de Administraci\u00f3n afecta el Desempe\u00f1o de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial? Perspectivas desde un enfoque SEM-PLS [Does the composition of the board of directors affect the performance of corporate social responsibility? Perspectives from a SEM-PLS approach]. Direcci\u00f3n y Organizaci\u00f3n, 80, 42-59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37610\/dyo.v0i80.642","DOI":"10.37610\/dyo.v0i80.642"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pucheta-Mart\u00ednez, M. C., Gallego-\u00c1lvarez, I., & Bel-Oms, I. (2021). Corporate social and environmental disclosure as a sustainable development tool provided by board sub-committees: Do women directors play a relevant moderating role? Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(8), 3485-3501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.2815","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.2815"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tawiah, V., Matemane, R., Oyewo, B., & Lemma, T. T. (2024). Saving the environment with indigenous directors: Evidence from Africa. Business Strategy and the Environment, 33(3), 2445-2461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bse.3603","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.3603"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhu, J., Ye, K., Tucker, J. W., & Chan, K. J. C. (2016). Board hierarchy, independent directors, and firm value: Evidence from China. Journal of Corporate Finance, 41, 262-279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcorpfin.2016.09.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcorpfin.2016.09.009"}],"event":{"name":"Corporate governance: Research and advanced practices"},"container-title":["Corporate governance: Research and advanced practices"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/virtusinterpress.org\/IMG\/pdf\/cgrapp8.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T19:07:09Z","timestamp":1729105629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/virtusinterpress.org\/Do-good-governance-practices-moderated-by-gender-parity-strengthen-environmental-social-and-governance-performance-for-European-companies.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22495\/cgrapp8","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}