{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"Authorea, Inc."}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T16:32:38Z","timestamp":1748968358894,"version":"3.41.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"group-title":"Preprints","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p id=\"p1\">Understanding the neutral (demographic) and adaptive processes leading\nto the differentiation of species and populations is a critical\ncomponent of evolutionary and conservation biology. In this context,\nrecently diverged taxa represent a unique opportunity to study the\nprocess of genetic differentiation. Northern and southern Idaho ground\nsquirrels (Urocitellus brunneus \u2013 NIDGS, and U. endemicus - SIDGS,\nrespectively) are a recently diverged pair of sister species that have\nundergone dramatic declines in the last 50 years and are currently found\nin metapopulations across restricted spatial areas with distinct\nenvironmental pressures. Here we genotyped single-nucleotide\npolymorphisms (SNPs) from buccal swabs with restriction site-associated\nDNA sequencing (RADseq). With these data we evaluated neutral genetic\nstructure at both the inter- and intra-specific level, and identified\nputatively adaptive SNPs using population structure outlier and\ngenotype-environment association (GEA) analyses. At the interspecific\nlevel, we found a clear separation between NIDGS and SIDGS, and evidence\nfor adaptive differentiation relating to differences in hibernation. At\nthe intraspecific level, we identified 3 Evolutionarily Significant\nUnits for NIDGS and 2 for SIDGS plus multiple Management and Adaptive\nUnits. Elevation appears to be the main driver of adaptive\ndifferentiation in NIDGS, while neutral variation patterns match and\nextend that identified in previous studies using microsatellite markers.\nFor SIDGS, neutral substructure generally reflected the effect of\nnatural geographic barriers, while adaptive variation reflected\ndifferences in land cover and temperature. These results clearly\nhighlight the roles of neutral and adaptive processes for understanding\nspecies and population differentiation, which can have important\nconservation implications in threatened species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22541\/au.161555671.18655788\/v1","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T13:45:24Z","timestamp":1615556724000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The role of neutral and adaptive genomic variation in population diversification and speciation in two ground squirrel species of conservation concern"],"prefix":"10.22541","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-4256","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soraia","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Digpal","family":"Gour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Hohenlohe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]},{"given":"Lisette","family":"Waits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Idaho"}]}],"member":"311","container-title":[],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T13:45:24Z","timestamp":1615556724000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.authorea.com\/users\/370724\/articles\/513330-the-role-of-neutral-and-adaptive-genomic-variation-in-population-diversification-and-speciation-in-two-ground-squirrel-species-of-conservation-concern?commit=2e577deb6679da4175d986350efa81e7dbaafe78"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22541\/au.161555671.18655788\/v1","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}