{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"Authorea, Inc."}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T16:40:43Z","timestamp":1748968843553,"version":"3.41.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"group-title":"Preprints","reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p id=\"p1\"><jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)\naffects a large part of the population around the world between the ages\nforty-one to seventy-one years. However, by combining the effects of the\nCOVID-19 pandemic and the SARS-Cov-2 virus on COPD patients, we may be\nable to overcome factors that have a significant impact on our success.\nMoreover, we have to investigate the relationship between the diagnosis\nand its influencing factors to possibly overcome the emerging causes of\nthis disease. <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> A retrospective study of 280 patients\nwas conducted at DHQ Hospital Muzaffargarh in Punjab, Pakistan. Negative\nbinomial regression describes the risk of fixed successive variables.\nCox proportional hazard model, and the model co-efficient is observed\nusing log-likelihood. Kaplan-Meier curves showed how long COPD patients\nsurvived or died. <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The increased risk of death in COPD\npatients was due to the effects of variables such as cough, lower\nrespiratory tract infection, tuberculosis, and body aches being 1.369,\n0.693, 0.170, and 0.217 times higher, while it decreased by 0.396 in\nnormal conditions. <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> We found that the symptoms of\nCOPD (cough, lower respiratory tract infection, tuberculosis, and body\naches) are statistically significant in patients who were most infected\nby COVID-19 and SARS-Cov-2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.22541\/au.167285906.60031333\/v2","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T14:53:00Z","timestamp":1690815180000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["RISK Factors Identification of COVID-19 Patients with\u00a0 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A\u00a0 Retrospective Study in Punjab-Pakistan\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0"],"prefix":"10.22541","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1989-2622","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad Muneeb","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Muhammad H.","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3677-2075","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ameeq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Farrukh","family":"Jamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan"}]},{"given":"John Mendy","family":"T","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Gambia School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Chesneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite de Caen Normandie IUT de Caen"}]}],"member":"311","container-title":[],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T14:53:00Z","timestamp":1690815180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.authorea.com\/users\/572616\/articles\/617361-risk-factors-identification-of-covid-19-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-a-retrospective-study-in-punjab-pakistan?commit=6fa2219f5cbdbebf8e457d81742d82193eb693e4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22541\/au.167285906.60031333\/v2","relation":{"is-version-of":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.22541\/au.167285906.60031333\/v1","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}