{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:29:48Z","timestamp":1785497388067,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Japanese Society for Spine Surgery and Related Research","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spine Surg Relat Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"DOI":"10.22603\/ssrr.2023-0021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,8]],"date-time":"2023-06-08T22:14:41Z","timestamp":1686262481000},"page":"396-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Novel Technique for Pars Defect Direct Repair with a Modified Smiley Face Rod for Spondylolysis and Isthmic Spondylolisthesis"],"prefix":"10.22603","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Masaki","family":"Tatsumura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training Center, Mito Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun","family":"Okuwaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisarnori","family":"Gamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reo","family":"Asai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Eto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Nagashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training Center, Mito Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tsukuba University Hospital Mito Clinical Education and Training Center, Mito Kyodo General Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Funayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"9891","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. Tatsumura M, Gamada H, Okuwaki S, et al. Union evaluation of lumbar spondylolysis using MRI and CT in adolescents treated conservatively. J Orthop Sci. 2022;27 (2):317-22.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2021.01.002"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Cavalier R, Herman MJ, Cheung EV, et al. Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in children and adolescents: I. Diagnosis, natural history, and nonsurgical management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2006;14 (7):417-24.","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200607000-00004"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Sairyo K, Sakai T, Amari R, et al. Causes of radiculopathy in young athletes with spondylolysis. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38 (2):357-62.","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509348054"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Floman Y. Progression of lumbosacral isthmic spondylolisthesis in adults. Spine. 2000;25 (3):342-7.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200002010-00014"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. Noorian S, Sorensen K, Cho W. A systematic review of clinical outcomes in surgical treatment of adult isthmic spondylolisthesis. Spine J. 2018;18 (8):1441-54.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2018.04.022"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6. Gillet P, Petit M. Direct repair of spondylolysis without spondylolisthesis, using a rod-screw construct and bone grafting of the pars defect. Spine. 1999;24 (12):1252-6.","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199906150-00014"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. Ulibarri JA, Anderson PA, Escarcega T, et al. Biomechanical and clinical evaluation of a novel technique for surgical repair of spondylolysis. Spine. 2006;31 (18):2067-72.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000231777.24270.2b"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. Voisin MR, Witiw CD, Deorajh R, et al. Multilevel spondylolysis repair using the "smiley face" technique with 3-dimensional intraoperative spinal navigation. World Neurosurg. 2018;109 (1):e609-14.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.046"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9. Mohammed N, Patra DP, Narayan V, et al. A comparison of the techniques of direct pars interarticularis repairs for spondylolysis and low-grade spondylolisthesis: a meta-analysis. Neurosurg Focus. 2018;44 (1):E10.","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.FOCUS17581"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Crawford CH 3rd, Ledonio CG, Bess RS, et al. Current evidence regarding the surgical and nonsurgical treatment of pediatric lumbar spondylolysis: a report from the scoliosis research society evidence-based medicine committee. Spine Deform. 2015;3 (1):30-44.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2014.06.004"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. Okuwaki S, Tatsumura M, Gamada H, et al. Direct reduction and repair of spondylolysis with grade 1 slip using the smiley face rod: a case report. J Rural Med. 2021;16 (1):56-61.","DOI":"10.2185\/jrm.2020-039"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. Gamada H, Tatsumura M, Okuwaki S, et al. Minimally invasive screw fixation of non-pseudoarthorotic lumbar spondylolysis for early return to sports. Cureus. 2021;13 (9):e18323.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.18323"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Weinstein JN, Rydevik BL, Rauschning W. Anatomic and technical considerations of pedicle screw fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992;284 (1):34-46.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199211000-00006"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Yamashita K, Higashino K, Sakai T, et al. The reduction and direct repair of isthmic spondylolisthesis using the smiley face rod method in adolescent athlete: technical note. J Med Invest. 2017;64 (1):168-72.","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.64.168"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Yagi K, Kishima K, Tezuka F, et al. A technical pitfall of decompression with direct repair of a ragged edge using the smiley-face rod method: a case report. J Med Invest. 2022;69 (3):308-11.","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.69.308"}],"container-title":["Spine Surgery and Related Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/ssrr\/7\/4\/7_2023-0021\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T04:22:47Z","timestamp":1690604567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/ssrr\/7\/4\/7_2023-0021\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22603\/ssrr.2023-0021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2432-261X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2432-261X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,27]]},"article-number":"2023-0021"}}