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Cho SM, Kim SH, Ha SK, et al. Paraspinal muscle changes after single-level posterior lumbar fusion: volumetric analyses and literature review. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21 (1):73.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-3104-0"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Hu ZJ, Zhang JF, Xu WB, et al. Effect of pure muscle retraction on multifidus injury and atrophy after posterior lumbar spine surgery with 24 weeks observation in a rabbit model. Eur Spine J. 2017;26 (1):210-20.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-015-4247-9"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Kose HC, Aydin SO. Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of multifidus muscle in patients with low back pain after microlumbar discectomy surgery. J Clin Med. 2023;12 (19):6122.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12196122"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. Kawaguchi Y, Matsui H, Tsuji H. Back muscle injury after posterior lumbar spine surgery. A histologic and enzymatic analysis. 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