{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T21:01:51Z","timestamp":1769115711098,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"National Library of Serbia","issue":"5-6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Med pregl","MED PREGLED"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction. Phthalates are synthetic industrial compounds capable of\n   disrupting endocrine system. Effects of phthalates depend on dosage, duration\n   of action and stage of development of the individual, thus making the fetus,\n   newborn, and children at puberty the most vulnerable groups. Metabolism of\n   Phthalates: Metabolism of these compounds consists of at least two steps:\n   hydrolysis and conjugation. They are mainly excreted in urine, with a low\n   percent being excreted through feces. Exposure to Phthalates. Exposure to the\n   effects of phthalates begins at the intrauterine stage since the phthalates\n   pass through the placental barrier. Phthalates may be found in plastic\n   products, toys, medical equipment, industrial materials, food, and clothes.\n   Determination of Phthalate Levels in Humans. Urine is the best sample for\n   evaluating phthalate levels in humans because of rapid phthalate metabolism\n   and high concentrations of metabolites in the urine. Fetal Testicular\n   Dysgenesis Syndrome: Fetal testicular dysgenesis syndrome involves disorders\n   of male genital tract such as shortened anogenital distance, hypospadia,\n   cryptorchidism, malformations of seminal vesicles, prostate, epididymis and\n   it results from the harmful effects of phthalates. Other Effects of\n   Phthalates on Health. Negative effects of phthalates on female health are\n   mostly reflected in anovulation, premature puberty, changes in duration of\n   pregnancy. There is a possible effect on neurocognitive development,\n   occurrence of allergies, asthma, testicular carcinoma, hepatic and renal\n   damages, insulin resistance and obesity, thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion.\n   Further studies are needed to establish the safe phthalate concentration in\n   certain products and to determine more negative consequences of exposure to\n   phthalate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2298\/mpns1406172b","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]],"date-time":"2014-05-09T11:56:25Z","timestamp":1399636585000},"page":"172-175","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of phthalic acid esters on fetal health"],"prefix":"10.2298","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Ivana","family":"Bajkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Bjelica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Novi Sad + Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tijana","family":"Icin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vesna","family":"Dobric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Centre, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Branka","family":"Kovacev-Zavisic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Novi Sad + Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8676-1198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milica","family":"Medic-Stojanoska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Novi Sad + Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1078","container-title":["Medicinski pregled","Medical review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T09:24:40Z","timestamp":1685352280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/doiserbia.nb.rs\/Article.aspx?ID=0025-81051406172B"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2298\/mpns1406172b","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-8105","1820-7383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-8105","type":"print"},{"value":"1820-7383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}