{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:26:19Z","timestamp":1761611179359},"reference-count":2,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":24017,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. symb. log."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1948,6,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Russell's theory of types, though probably not providing the soundest possible foundation for mathematics, follows closely the outlook of most mathematicians. The present paper is an attempt to present the theory of types in forms in which the types themselves only play a rather small part, as they do in ordinary mathematical argument. Two logical systems are described (called the \u201cnested-type\u201d and \u201cconcealed-type\u201d systems). It is hoped that the ideas involved in these systems may help mathematicians to observe type theory in proofs as well as in doctrine. It will not be necessary to adopt a formal logical notation to do so.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2307\/2267329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,6]],"date-time":"2006-05-06T19:00:40Z","timestamp":1146942040000},"page":"80-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Practical forms of type theory"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"A. M.","family":"Turing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022481200074661_ref001","volume-title":"Principia mathematica","author":"Whitehead","year":"1925"},{"key":"S0022481200074661_ref002","first-page":"66","article-title":"A formulation of the simple theory of types","volume":"5","author":"Church","year":"1940","journal-title":"this Journal"}],"container-title":["Journal of Symbolic Logic"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022481200074661","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,8]],"date-time":"2019-06-08T10:45:29Z","timestamp":1559990729000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022481200074661\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1948,6,9]]},"references-count":2,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1948,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022481200074661"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2267329","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4812","1943-5886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4812","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5886","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1948,6,9]]}}}