{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:26:19Z","timestamp":1761611179825},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11607,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. symb. log."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,6]]},"abstract":"Frege's conception of reference has been interpreted as calling for a completely extensional language, on the grounds that according to it the reference of a complex expression is a function of the references of its parts. To meet this demand and still allow for oblique contexts, one uses Frege's idea that in an oblique context an expression has as reference what is ordinarily its sense.<\/jats:p>A purely extensional formalized intensional logic was constructed in the 1940s by Alonzo Church: his logic of sense and denotation [2], [3]. The ambiguity of the \u201cdirect\u201d and \u201coblique\u201d reference of an expression is avoided. For each denoting expression A<\/jats:italic> there is an expression A<\/jats:italic> denoting its sense, which then replaces A<\/jats:italic> in \u201coblique\u201d contexts. A consequence of this approach is that for each natural number n<\/jats:italic>, in a context with n<\/jats:italic>-fold embedding of intensional operators A<\/jats:italic> is paraphrased by the result of iterating the operation \u00c3 n<\/jats:italic> times, so that A<\/jats:italic> is treated as if it were infinitely ambiguous. Church's underlying logic is a simple theory of types, in fact just an expansion of the extensional typed \u03bb-calculus so as to contain \u03c9th-order predicate logic.<\/jats:p>In this paper we study a variant of Church's logic that admits a possible-worlds semantics, i.e. a version of Church's Alternative (2) [3, pp. 4\u20135], [4]. This type of logic has been perspicuously formulated by David Kaplan [11], [12], and we follow his version.<\/jats:p>In \u00a71 we formulate Kaplan's logic L<\/jats:italic>-Church-O<\/jats:italic> with two alterations: the typed \u03bb-calculus is replaced by combinators, and unlike Kaplan (but like Church) we allow concepts (that is, senses) that are not concepts of anything.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2307\/2273143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,6]],"date-time":"2006-05-06T21:59:42Z","timestamp":1146952782000},"page":"289-328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Intensional logic in extensional language"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Charles","family":"Parsons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-2567.1970.tb00434.x"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref009","volume-title":"An introduction to combinatory logic","author":"Hindley","year":"1972"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref015","first-page":"140","volume-title":"Sixth International Congress of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, Hannover 1979","author":"Parsons"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2214862"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref014","first-page":"684","volume":"46","author":"Parsons","year":"1981","journal-title":"The logic of sense and denotation and Montague's intensional logic"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref011","unstructured":"Kaplan David , The language of Church-O, unpublished notes, 1974."},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref003","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Structure, method, and meaning: Essays in honor of H.M. Sheffer","author":"Church","year":"1951"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2216181"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3129899"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref006","volume-title":"Combinatory logic","volume":"II","author":"Curry","year":"1972"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref007","first-page":"383","volume-title":"Logic, methodology, and philosophy of science: Proceedings of the 1964 International Congress","author":"Davidson","year":"1965"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref008","volume-title":"Intensional and higher-order modal logic","author":"Gallin","year":"1975"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00568057"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref016","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Midwest studies in philosophy VI: The foundations of analytic philosophy","author":"Parsons","year":"1981"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref002","first-page":"31","volume":"12","author":"Church","year":"1946","journal-title":"A formulation of the logic of sense and denotation"},{"key":"S002248120004425X_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2024635"}],"container-title":["Journal of Symbolic Logic"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S002248120004425X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,24]],"date-time":"2019-05-24T21:15:56Z","timestamp":1558732556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S002248120004425X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1982,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S002248120004425X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2273143","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4812","1943-5886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4812","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5886","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1982,6]]}}}