{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T19:48:17Z","timestamp":1775504897370,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":2,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":11150,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. symb. log."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The results in this paper were motivated by the following result due to R. Solovay.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Theorem 1 (Solovay). <jats:italic>Let M be a nonstandard model of Peano's first order axioms P and let I \u2282<jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub> M (i.e. <jats:italic>\u03d5<\/jats:italic> \u2260 \u2282 M and I is closed under &lt; and successor). Then for each of the functions <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"S0022481200037725_inline1\"\/> we can define J \u2286<jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub> I in \u2039M, I\u203a such that J is closed under that function. (\u2223x\u2223 denotes [log<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(x)<\/jats:italic>].)<\/jats:p><jats:p>Proof. Just notice that the cuts defined by<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:disp-formula><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" orientation=\"portrait\" mime-subtype=\"gif\" mimetype=\"image\" position=\"float\" xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"S0022481200037725_Uequ1\"\/><\/jats:disp-formula><\/jats:p><jats:p>are successively closed under <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mime-subtype=\"gif\" xlink:type=\"simple\" xlink:href=\"S0022481200037725_inline1\"\/><\/jats:p><jats:p>In view of Theorem 1, the following question was raised by R. Solovay: Can we define <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic> \u2286 <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic> in \u2039<jats:italic>M, I<\/jats:italic>\u203a such that <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic> is closed under exponentiation? In Theorem 2 we show that the answer is \u201cno\u201d. Theorem 3 is based on Theorem 2 and extends the technique to cuts which are models of subsystems of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To prove both theorems we shall need an estimate due to R. Parikh (see [1], especially the proof of Theorem 2.2a). For the sake of completeness, and also to introduce some notation we shall sketch Parikh's estimate in the next section. At all times we shall give the easiest estimates which still work rather than the sharpest ones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2307\/2273447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,6]],"date-time":"2006-05-06T22:04:45Z","timestamp":1146953085000},"page":"564-569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A note on the undefinability of cuts"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"J.B.","family":"Paris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dimitracopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022481200037725_ref001","first-page":"494","volume":"36","author":"Parikh","year":"1971","journal-title":"Existence and feasibility in arithmetic"},{"key":"S0022481200037725_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0090171"}],"container-title":["Journal of Symbolic Logic"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022481200037725","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T22:36:43Z","timestamp":1558651003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022481200037725\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1983,9]]},"references-count":2,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1983,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022481200037725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2273447","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4812","1943-5886"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4812","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5886","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1983,9]]}}}