{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T01:49:14Z","timestamp":1777513754171,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cutan Med Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The interferon-\u03b3 release assay (IGRA) is a novel method for detecting previous sensitization to tuberculosis (TB). Despite having several advantages over the tuberculin skin test (TST), including higher specificity and no influence from past bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) exposure, there are a limited number of reports describing its application in patients with erythema induratum (EI)\/nodular vasculitis (NV), which is usually but not always related to TB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of our case series was to evaluate the usefulness of the IGRA for determining a TB association in patients with EI\/NV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective chart reviews were conducted on four patients diagnosed with EI\/NV at our institution in whom an IGRA had been performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All four subjects had positive TST results. The IGRA was also positive and therefore supported a link with TB in two cases. One patient responded completely to anti-TB therapy, whereas the second was lost to follow-up. Both cases unrelated to TB, by virtue of negative IGRAs, demonstrated complete response to immunosuppressive therapy (methotrexate), with one individual having failed anti-TB therapy first.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our case series highlights the utility of the IGRA for establishing a TB association in patients with EI\/NV. Although limited by a small sample size, we propose adjunctive use of this test at the time of EI\/NV diagnosis, especially in the setting of previous BCG exposure, so that management can be tailored according to whether an underlying relationship with TB exists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2310\/7750.2013.wound4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T15:01:24Z","timestamp":1426086084000},"page":"S6-S11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Erythema Induratum: Case Series Illustrating the Utility of the Interferon-\u03b3 Release Assay in Determining the Association with Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vimal","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"McKay","family":"Steed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parbeer","family":"Grewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad N.","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geetika","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Brassard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Academic Family Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, and Division of Dermatology and Cutaneous Sciences, Department of Medicine; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08227.x"},{"key":"bibr2-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31818e2ac0"},{"key":"bibr3-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5070\/D30PP0Q5D2","volume":"16","author":"Sharon V","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"bibr4-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.183"},{"key":"bibr5-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2001.114735"},{"key":"bibr6-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.07.030"},{"key":"bibr7-7750.2013.WOUND4","first-page":"937","volume":"117","author":"Cribier E","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"bibr8-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2005.00296.x"},{"key":"bibr9-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.13.2.196"},{"key":"bibr10-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2008.05.007"},{"key":"bibr11-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1996.tb02979.x"},{"key":"bibr12-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199708000-00003"},{"key":"bibr13-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06650.x"},{"key":"bibr14-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00576.x"},{"key":"bibr15-7750.2013.WOUND4","first-page":"244","volume":"100","author":"Chen YH","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr16-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1997.03890400057008"},{"key":"bibr17-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1993.04540010097017"},{"key":"bibr18-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1997.tb01570.x"},{"key":"bibr19-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)70335-9"},{"key":"bibr20-7750.2013.WOUND4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2003.01461.x"},{"key":"bibr21-7750.2013.WOUND4","first-page":"1","volume":"33","author":"Canadian Tuberculosis Committee.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can Commun Dis Rep"},{"key":"bibr22-7750.2013.WOUND4","first-page":"1","volume":"59","author":"Mazurek GH","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWMR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr23-7750.2013.WOUND4","first-page":"49","volume":"54","author":"Mazurek GH","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWMR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr24-7750.2013.WOUND4","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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