{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:17:50Z","timestamp":1777724270171,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,1]],"date-time":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349049600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Interferon-\u03b3-inducible protein (IP)-10 (CXCL10) is an important chemokine secreted by the airway epithelium that functions as a biomarker for virus-induced asthma. Long-acting beta 2 (\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) agonists (LABAs) are frequently used as inhaled medication for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, previous research failed to investigate the effects of LABAs on IP-10 in bronchial epithelial cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the effects and signaling pathways of formoterol and salmeterol on polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly I:C)-induced IP-10 expression in BEAS-2B cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BEAS-2B cells were pretreated with formoterol and salmeterol for 2 hours before poly I:C stimulation. ICI 118551 (\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      adrenoreceptor antagonist) or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors were added 30 minutes before LABAs were added. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to measure IP-10 protein and messenger RNA levels. Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors and Western blotting were used to identify MAPK pathways, whereas bioassay revealed the MAPK functions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Long-acting \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      agonists significantly down-regulated the poly I:C-induced IP-10 protein and messenger RNA expression in BEAS-2B cells. ICI 118551 reversed this effect. Forskolin, a cyclic adenosine monophosphate activator, produced a similar inhibitory effect. Western blotting showed that formoterol suppressed poly I:C-induced IP-10 expression via the c-Jun N-terminal kinase\u2013c-Jun pathway.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Long-acting \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      agonists down-regulate poly I:C-induced IP-10 expression in BEAS-2B cells via the \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      adrenoreceptor\u2013cyclic adenosine monophosphate and c-Jun N-terminal kinase\/c-Jun pathways. Long-acting \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      agonists also inhibit IP-10 production in bronchial epithelial cells and may prolong viral elimination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2310\/jim.0b013e3182673ff9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]],"date-time":"2016-05-11T09:10:57Z","timestamp":1462957857000},"page":"1048-1053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Long-Acting Beta 2 Agonists Suppress IP-10 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Jien-Wen","family":"Chien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua City, Changhua County"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Te","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, True Generation Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"San-Nan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang-Hung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei-Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po-Lin","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Jyh","family":"Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, ROC."},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, 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