{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:20:15Z","timestamp":1777724415078,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to determine whether modifiable lifestyle factors such as eating habits, physical activity, and screen-viewing time, as well as ethnicity, sex, and family income level, were associated with obesity in children and adults and whether the associations differed across age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009\u20132010.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used, with obesity (defined as a body mass index of &gt;30 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      for adults and \u226595th percentile for children of the same age and sex) as the outcome variable. For children, screen-viewing (TV\/computer) time was the only significant factor; in contrast, for adolescents, eating habits were the only significant predictor. For young and middle-aged adults, lack of physical exercise and time spent in sedentary activities were the determinants of obesity, whereas for older adults, both eating habits and physical activity measures were related to obesity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Distinct lifestyle factors have significant associations with obesity in different age groups, and this study underscores the need for age-specific intervention programs to address the obesity epidemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2310\/jim.0b013e31829c39d0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,11]],"date-time":"2016-05-11T09:10:57Z","timestamp":1462957857000},"page":"1039-1042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Risk Factors for Obesity in Children and Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Divya","family":"Siddarth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Harvard-Westlake School, Studio City, CA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. National Institute of Health. Available at: http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/health-topics\/topics\/obe\/risks.html. Accessed March 9, 2013."},{"key":"bibr2-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"Overweight and Obesity: Health Consequences. Office of the Surgeon General. US Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: http:\/\/www.surgeongeneral.gov\/library\/calls\/obesity\/fact_consequences.html. Accessed March 18, 2013."},{"key":"bibr3-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0633"},{"key":"bibr4-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","first-page":"480","author":"Thorpe KE","year":"2004","journal-title":"Health Aff"},{"key":"bibr5-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.10.026"},{"key":"bibr6-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl215"},{"key":"bibr7-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"Do Fast Food Restaurants Contribute to Obesity? National Bureau of Economic Research. Available at: http:\/\/www.nber.org\/bah\/2009no1\/w14721.html. Accessed March 9, 2013."},{"key":"bibr8-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"Reduce Screen Time. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. National Institute of Health. Available at: http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/public\/heart\/obesity\/wecan\/reduce-screen-time\/index.htm. Accessed March 24, 2013."},{"key":"bibr9-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.03.005"},{"key":"bibr10-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0b013e31815a51b3"},{"key":"bibr11-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 2009\u20132010. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/nhanes2009-2010\/nhanes09_10.htm. Accessed January 7, 2013."},{"key":"bibr12-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Methodology. 2009\u20132010. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/nhanes2009-2010\/questexam09_10.htm. Accessed April 23, 2013."},{"key":"bibr13-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. 2 To 20 years: boys\u2014body mass index-for-age percentiles. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/growthcharts\/data\/set2clinical\/cj41c073.pdfx. Accessed April 23, 2013."},{"key":"bibr14-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. 2 To 20 years: girls\u2014body mass index-for-age percentiles. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/growthcharts\/data\/set1clinical\/cj41l024.pdf. Accessed April 23, 2013."},{"key":"bibr15-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.1.148"},{"key":"bibr16-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-006-0141-8"},{"key":"bibr17-JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dem.0.0091"}],"container-title":["Journal of Investigative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2310\/JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.2310\/JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.2310\/JIM.0b013e31829c39d0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:39:53Z","timestamp":1777459193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.2310\/JIM.0b013e31829c39d0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.2310\/JIM.0b013e31829c39d0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2310\/jim.0b013e31829c39d0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-5589","1708-8267"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-5589","type":"print"},{"value":"1708-8267","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}}}