{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:01Z","timestamp":1780067161096,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate how high-frequency vibration (125 Hz) combined with light or optimal orthodontic forces affects osteoclast numbers and root volume during tooth movement in Wistar rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a split-mouth design, 96 sites in male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to six groups: control, high-frequency vibration (HFV), light force (LF, 5g), light force with vibration (LF\/HFV), optimal force (OF, 10g), and optimal force with vibration (OF\/HFV). First maxillary molars were moved mesially using nickel-titanium (NiTi) closed coil springs. Root volume and osteoclast numbers were measured using Micro-CT and histomorphometry at Days 1, 7, 14, and 21.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 21 days, osteoclast numbers increased significantly in HFV (5.25 \u00b1 0.48,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =. 002), LF\/HFV (10.00 \u00b1 0.41,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001), OF (13.75 \u00b1 0.48,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.0001), and OF\/HFV (15.25 \u00b1 0.85,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001) groups. Root volume decreased significantly in LF\/HFV (7.75 \u00b1 0.18 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), OF (6.68 \u00b1 0.24 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and OF\/HFV (6.28 \u00b1 0.14 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) groups compared to control (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001). HFV alone increased osteoclast numbers but did not affect root volume. The OF\/HFV group showed the highest osteoclast numbers and root volume reduction. Three-way analysis of variance revealed that time, vibration, and force significantly reduced root volume (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001). Notably, the interaction effects on osteoclast numbers were significant in LF group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001), but not OF group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .338).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined high-frequency vibration and orthodontic forces increased osteoclast numbers and root resorption. Light forces with high-frequency vibration promoted osteoclast formation while minimizing root resorption compared to optimal forces. Additionally, the duration of this combined treatment significantly affected the extent of root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/010725-21.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:30:37Z","timestamp":1753835437000},"page":"647-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synergistic effects of high-frequency vibration and orthodontic force on osteoclast numbers and root resorption in a rat model"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Luxkamon","family":"Luangthamma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD. student, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srisurang","family":"Suttapreyasri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peungchaleoy","family":"Thammanichanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Institute of Dentistry, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidchanok","family":"Leethanakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry; and Director, Center of Excellence for Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"74","article-title":"Vibratory stimulation increases interleukin-1 beta secretion during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"86","author":"Leethanakul","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leethanakul C,\nSuamphan S,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nThongudomporn U,\nCharoemratrote C. Vibratory stimulation increases interleukin-1 beta secretion during orthodontic tooth movement. Angle Orthod. 2016;86(1):74\u201380."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b02","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0196540","article-title":"Vibration paradox in orthodontics: anabolic and catabolic effects","volume":"13","author":"Alikhani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alikhani M,\nAlansari S,\nHamidaddin MA, et al. Vibration paradox in orthodontics: anabolic and catabolic effects. PLoS One. 2018;13(5):e0196540."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b03","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1757","article-title":"Light orthodontic force with high-frequency vibration accelerates tooth movement with minimal root resorption in rats","volume":"27","author":"Tangtanawat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tangtanawat P,\nThammanichanon P,\nSuttapreyasri S,\nLeethanakul C. Light orthodontic force with high-frequency vibration accelerates tooth movement with minimal root resorption in rats. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(4):1757\u20131766."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b04","series-title":"KJOD","first-page":"307","article-title":"Effect of 125 Hz and 150 Hz vibrational frequency electric toothbrushes on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and prostaglandin E2 levels","volume":"53","author":"Gujar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gujar AN,\nShivamurthy PG. Effect of 125 Hz and 150 Hz vibrational frequency electric toothbrushes on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and prostaglandin E2 levels. KJOD. 2023;53(5):307\u2013316."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b05","series-title":"J Orthod Sci","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density","volume":"8","author":"Shipley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shipley T,\nFarouk K,\nEl-Bialy T. Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density. J Orthod Sci. 2019;8:15."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b06","series-title":"Dent J (Basel)","article-title":"The use of high frequency vibration and clear aligners in management of an adult patient with Class III Skeletal malocclusion with open bite and severe bimaxillary protrusion: case report","volume":"8","author":"El-Bialy","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Bialy T. The use of high frequency vibration and clear aligners in management of an adult patient with Class III Skeletal malocclusion with open bite and severe bimaxillary protrusion: case report. Dent J (Basel). 2020;8(3)."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b07","series-title":"Dent J (Basel)","article-title":"The effect of high-frequency vibration on tooth movement and alveolar bone in non-growing skeletal class ii high angle orthodontic patients: case series","volume":"8","author":"El-Bialy","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Bialy T. The effect of high-frequency vibration on tooth movement and alveolar bone in non-growing skeletal class ii high angle orthodontic patients: case series. Dent J (Basel). 2020;8(4)."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"572","article-title":"Periodontal tissue activation by vibration: intermittent stimulation by resonance vibration accelerates experimental tooth movement in rats","volume":"133","author":"Nishimura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nishimura M,\nChiba M,\nOhashi T, et al. Periodontal tissue activation by vibration: intermittent stimulation by resonance vibration accelerates experimental tooth movement in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(4):572\u2013583."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b09","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"13969","article-title":"Synergistic acceleration of experimental tooth movement by supplementary high-frequency vibration applied with a static force in rats","volume":"7","author":"Takano-Yamamoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takano-Yamamoto T,\nSasaki K,\nFatemeh G, et al. Synergistic acceleration of experimental tooth movement by supplementary high-frequency vibration applied with a static force in rats. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):13969."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b10","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"951","article-title":"Vibrational force on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Akbari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akbari A,\nGandhi, V.,\nChen, J.,\nTurkkahraman, H., & Yadav, S. Vibrational force on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dent 2023;17(4):951\u2013963."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b11","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0211004","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats","volume":"14","author":"Alikhani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alikhani M,\nAlikhani M,\nAlansari S, et al. Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0211004."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"265","article-title":"Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brudvik P,\nRygh P. Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces. Eur J Orthod. 1994;16(4):265\u2013273."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy","volume":"47","author":"Rygh","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rygh P. Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy. Angle Orthod. 1977;47(1):1\u201316."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales C,\nHotokezaka H,\nYoshimatsu M,\nYozgatian JH,\nDarendeliler MA,\nYoshida N. Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(3):502\u2013509."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"164","article-title":"Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"83","author":"Long","year":"2013","unstructured":"Long H,\nPyakurel U,\nWang Y,\nLiao L,\nZhou Y,\nLai W. Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(1):164\u2013171."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b16","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"42","article-title":"Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment - a frontier in Orthodontics","volume":"14","author":"Nimeri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nimeri G,\nKau CH,\nAbou-Kheir NS,\nCorona R. Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment - a frontier in Orthodontics. Prog Orthod. 2013;14(1):42."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b17","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"356","article-title":"Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro","volume":"40","author":"Benjakul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benjakul S,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nLeethanakul C. Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. Eur J Orthod. 2018;40(4):356\u2013363."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b18","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Vibration enhances PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 expression in compressed hPDL cells via cyclooxygenase pathway","volume":"89","author":"Phusuntornsakul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Phusuntornsakul P,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nPavasant P,\nLeethanakul C. Vibration enhances PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 expression in compressed hPDL cells via cyclooxygenase pathway. J Periodontol. 2018;89(9):1131\u20131141."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b19","series-title":"Cell Biol Int","first-page":"661","article-title":"Vibration activates the actin\/NF-\u03baB axis and upregulates IL-6 and IL-8 expression in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"44","author":"Phusuntornsakul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Phusuntornsakul P,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nPavasant P,\nLeethanakul C. Vibration activates the actin\/NF-\u03baB axis and upregulates IL-6 and IL-8 expression in human periodontal ligament cells. Cell Biol Int. 2020;44(2):661\u2013670."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b20","series-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","article-title":"Use of Laboratory A. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health","author":"National Research Council Committee for the Update of the Guide for the C","year":"2011","unstructured":"National Research Council Committee for the Update of the Guide for the C, Use of Laboratory A. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 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Differential efficacy of 2 vibrating orthodontic devices to alter the cellular response in osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and osteoclasts. Dose Resp. 2018;16(3):1559325818792112."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b27","series-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab","first-page":"311","article-title":"Update on bone anabolics in osteoporosis treatment: rationale, current status, and perspectives","volume":"97","author":"Baron","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baron R,\nHesse E. Update on bone anabolics in osteoporosis treatment: rationale, current status, and perspectives. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97(2):311\u2013325."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b28","series-title":"Anat Rec","first-page":"191","article-title":"Dynamic histomorphometry of alveolar bone remodeling in the adult rat","volume":"196","author":"Vignery","year":"1980","unstructured":"Vignery A,\nBaron R. Dynamic histomorphometry of alveolar bone remodeling in the adult rat. 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PLoS One. 2018;13(5):e0196540."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b03","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1757","article-title":"Light orthodontic force with high-frequency vibration accelerates tooth movement with minimal root resorption in rats","volume":"27","author":"Tangtanawat","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tangtanawat P,\nThammanichanon P,\nSuttapreyasri S,\nLeethanakul C. Light orthodontic force with high-frequency vibration accelerates tooth movement with minimal root resorption in rats. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(4):1757\u20131766."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b04","series-title":"KJOD","first-page":"307","article-title":"Effect of 125 Hz and 150 Hz vibrational frequency electric toothbrushes on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and prostaglandin E2 levels","volume":"53","author":"Gujar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gujar AN,\nShivamurthy PG. Effect of 125 Hz and 150 Hz vibrational frequency electric toothbrushes on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and prostaglandin E2 levels. KJOD. 2023;53(5):307\u2013316."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b05","series-title":"J Orthod Sci","first-page":"15","article-title":"Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density","volume":"8","author":"Shipley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shipley T,\nFarouk K,\nEl-Bialy T. Effect of high-frequency vibration on orthodontic tooth movement and bone density. J Orthod Sci. 2019;8:15."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b06","series-title":"Dent J (Basel)","article-title":"The use of high frequency vibration and clear aligners in management of an adult patient with Class III Skeletal malocclusion with open bite and severe bimaxillary protrusion: case report","volume":"8","author":"El-Bialy","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Bialy T. The use of high frequency vibration and clear aligners in management of an adult patient with Class III Skeletal malocclusion with open bite and severe bimaxillary protrusion: case report. Dent J (Basel). 2020;8(3)."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b07","series-title":"Dent J (Basel)","article-title":"The effect of high-frequency vibration on tooth movement and alveolar bone in non-growing skeletal class ii high angle orthodontic patients: case series","volume":"8","author":"El-Bialy","year":"2020","unstructured":"El-Bialy T. The effect of high-frequency vibration on tooth movement and alveolar bone in non-growing skeletal class ii high angle orthodontic patients: case series. Dent J (Basel). 2020;8(4)."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"572","article-title":"Periodontal tissue activation by vibration: intermittent stimulation by resonance vibration accelerates experimental tooth movement in rats","volume":"133","author":"Nishimura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nishimura M,\nChiba M,\nOhashi T, et al. Periodontal tissue activation by vibration: intermittent stimulation by resonance vibration accelerates experimental tooth movement in rats. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(4):572\u2013583."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b09","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"13969","article-title":"Synergistic acceleration of experimental tooth movement by supplementary high-frequency vibration applied with a static force in rats","volume":"7","author":"Takano-Yamamoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Takano-Yamamoto T,\nSasaki K,\nFatemeh G, et al. Synergistic acceleration of experimental tooth movement by supplementary high-frequency vibration applied with a static force in rats. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):13969."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b10","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"951","article-title":"Vibrational force on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Akbari","year":"2023","unstructured":"Akbari A,\nGandhi, V.,\nChen, J.,\nTurkkahraman, H., & Yadav, S. Vibrational force on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dent 2023;17(4):951\u2013963."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b11","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0211004","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats","volume":"14","author":"Alikhani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alikhani M,\nAlikhani M,\nAlansari S, et al. Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0211004."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"265","article-title":"Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brudvik P,\nRygh P. Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces. Eur J Orthod. 1994;16(4):265\u2013273."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy","volume":"47","author":"Rygh","year":"1977","unstructured":"Rygh P. Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy. Angle Orthod. 1977;47(1):1\u201316."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales C,\nHotokezaka H,\nYoshimatsu M,\nYozgatian JH,\nDarendeliler MA,\nYoshida N. Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(3):502\u2013509."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"164","article-title":"Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"83","author":"Long","year":"2013","unstructured":"Long H,\nPyakurel U,\nWang Y,\nLiao L,\nZhou Y,\nLai W. Interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2013;83(1):164\u2013171."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b16","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"42","article-title":"Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment - a frontier in Orthodontics","volume":"14","author":"Nimeri","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nimeri G,\nKau CH,\nAbou-Kheir NS,\nCorona R. Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment - a frontier in Orthodontics. Prog Orthod. 2013;14(1):42."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b17","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"356","article-title":"Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro","volume":"40","author":"Benjakul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Benjakul S,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nLeethanakul C. Effects of low magnitude high frequency mechanical vibration combined with compressive force on human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. Eur J Orthod. 2018;40(4):356\u2013363."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b18","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"1131","article-title":"Vibration enhances PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 expression in compressed hPDL cells via cyclooxygenase pathway","volume":"89","author":"Phusuntornsakul","year":"2018","unstructured":"Phusuntornsakul P,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nPavasant P,\nLeethanakul C. Vibration enhances PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 expression in compressed hPDL cells via cyclooxygenase pathway. J Periodontol. 2018;89(9):1131\u20131141."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-95-6-647-b19","series-title":"Cell Biol Int","first-page":"661","article-title":"Vibration activates the actin\/NF-\u03baB axis and upregulates IL-6 and IL-8 expression in human periodontal ligament cells","volume":"44","author":"Phusuntornsakul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Phusuntornsakul P,\nJitpukdeebodintra S,\nPavasant P,\nLeethanakul C. 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