{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T22:16:39Z","timestamp":1780524999993,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To determine soft tissue cephalometric norms of a sample of Jordanian adolescents and to compare them with those of North Americans.<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold> Forty-one subjects aged 14 to 17 years were selected from a larger random and representative sample of 320 adolescents attending 12 schools in the capital of Jordan, Amman. Seven reference lines were identified and traced according to definitions by Holdaway and Ricketts, and 2 angular and 12 linear measurements were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Significant differences were found between males and females in measurements of soft tissue facial angle, H angle, subnasale to H line, basic upper lip thickness, upper lip thickness and labrale inferius and superius to E line (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). Males had a more prominent upper lip in relation to the overall soft tissue profile, while the lips of females were considerably more retrusive in relation to the nose and chin. Jordanian norms were similar to those of North Americans, with only two exceptions: the H angle and skeletal convexity which were 5.4 degrees and 3.2 mm greater in Jordanians, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Jordanian soft tissue norms were similar to American norms with the exception of the former having a more prominent upper lip position in relation to the overall soft tissue profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/010809-17.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,15]],"date-time":"2009-10-15T01:00:59Z","timestamp":1255568459000},"page":"80-85","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Soft Tissue Morphology of Jordanian Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Ahmad Mohammad","family":"Hamdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"},{"name":"Corresponding author: Dr Ahmad Mohammad Hamdan, Department of Orthodontics & Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, 11942 Jordan (hamdanama@hotmail.com)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b1","article-title":"Treatment of malocclusion of the teeth. 7th ed.","author":"Angle, E. 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Cephalometric study of the dentofacial complex of North Indians.Angle Orthod1969. 39:22\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b25","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"273","article-title":"Adult cephalometric norms for Saudi Arabians with a comparison of values for Saudi and North American Caucasians.","volume":"14","author":"Shalbhoub, S. Y.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Shalbhoub, S. Y., O. A.Sahran, and H. S.Shaikh. Adult cephalometric norms for Saudi Arabians with a comparison of values for Saudi and North American Caucasians.Br J Orthod1987. 14:273\u2013279."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"146","article-title":"Cephalometric values for adult Mexican-Americans.","volume":"106","author":"Swlerenga, D.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Swlerenga, D., L. J.Oesterle, and M. L.Messersmith. Cephalometric values for adult Mexican-Americans.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1994. 106:146\u2013155."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b27","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg","first-page":"287","article-title":"Cephalometric standards for white Brazilians.","volume":"8","author":"Cerci, V.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cerci, V., J. E.Martins, and M. A.de Olivera. Cephalometric standards for white Brazilians.Int J Adult Orthod Orthognath Surg1993. 8:287\u2013292."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b28","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"381","article-title":"Mesh diagram analysis: developing a norm for Puerto Rican Americans.","volume":"67","author":"Evanko, A. M.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Evanko, A. M., K.Freeman, and G. J.Cisneros. 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Craniofacial structure of Anatolian Turkish adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2004. 125:366\u2013372."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b46","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"57","article-title":"Soft tissue profile in Anatolian Turkish adults: evaluation of horizontal lip position using different soft tissue analyses.","volume":"121","author":"Ebray, E. F.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ebray, E. F., C. M.Caniklioglu, and S. K.Ebray. Soft tissue profile in Anatolian Turkish adults: evaluation of horizontal lip position using different soft tissue analyses.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2002. 121:(pt 1). 57\u201364."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b47","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"254","article-title":"Craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology in Icelandic adults.","volume":"26","author":"Johannsdottir, B.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Johannsdottir, B., A.Thordarson, and T. E.Magnusson. Craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology in Icelandic adults.Eur J Orthod2004. 26:254\u2013250."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-1-80-b48","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"84","article-title":"Soft tissue cephalometric norms in Japanese adults.","volume":"118","author":"Alcalde, R. E.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alcalde, R. E., T.Jinno, M. G.Orsini, A.Sasaki, R. M.Sugiyama, and T.Matsumura. 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