{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:12:05Z","timestamp":1780481525632,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the effect of secondary alveolar bone graft (SABG) on the tooth development stage of the maxillary central incisor (MXCI) and maxillary canine (MXC) in terms of the severity of unilateral cleft.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The subjects consisted of 50 boys with unilateral cleft lip and alveolus (UCLA) or unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP). The age- and sex-matched subjects were divided into group 1 (UCLA, n\u200a=\u200a25; 9.3 \u00b1 0.8\u00a0years old) and group 2 (UCLP, n\u200a=\u200a25; 9.4 \u00b1 0.6\u00a0years old). In panoramic radiographs taken 1\u00a0month before (T0) and 1\u00a0year after SABG (T1), tooth development stage was evaluated according to the Nolla developmental (ND) stage. A panoramic radiograph taken 3\u00a0years after SABG was used as a reference for the final root length of individual tooth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In groups 1 and 2, the ND stage of the MXCI did not exhibit differences between the cleft and non-cleft sides at T0 and T1, respectively. However, although the ND stage of the MXC of group 2 was delayed on the cleft side compared with the non-cleft side at T0 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05), the MXC on the cleft side developed faster than that on the non-cleft side after SABG (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01). In terms of tooth development speed, group 2 showed a higher rate of faster developed MXCs on the cleft side compared with the non-cleft side after SABG than group 1 (36.0% vs 8.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SABG performed at approximately 9\u00a0years of age might increase tooth development speed of MXC in patients with UCLP compared with patients with UCLA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/011014-38.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]],"date-time":"2014-04-15T08:29:51Z","timestamp":1397550591000},"page":"989-994","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparison of tooth development stage of the maxillary anterior teeth before and after secondary alveolar bone graft: Unilateral cleft lip and alveolus vs unilateral cleft lip and palate"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Heon-Mook","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Graduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Hak","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b01","series-title":"Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser","first-page":"3","article-title":"Facial clefting and its syndromes","volume":"7","author":"Gorlin\n              RJ,","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gorlin\n              RJ, \n            \n              Cervenka\n              J, \n            \n              Pruzansky\n              S. \n          \n          Facial clefting and its syndromes.  Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser.  1971; 7: 3\u2013 49."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b02","series-title":"J Korean Med Sci","first-page":"1233","article-title":"Prevalence of birth defects in Korean live birth, 2005\u20132006","volume":"27","author":"Kim\n              MA,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim\n              MA, \n            \n              Yee\n              NH, \n            \n              Choi\n              JS, \n            \n              Choi\n              JY, \n            \n              Seo\n              K. \n          \n          Prevalence of birth defects in Korean live birth, 2005\u20132006.  J Korean Med Sci.  2012; 27: 1233\u2013 1240."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"11","article-title":"A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate","volume":"90","author":"Ranta\n              R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ranta\n              R. \n          \n          A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate.  Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.  1986; 90: 11\u2013 18."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b04","series-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"158","article-title":"Dental maturation of unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"2","author":"Tan\n              EL,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tan\n              EL, \n            \n              Yow\n              M, \n            \n              Kuek\n              MC, \n            \n              Wong\n              HC. \n          \n          Dental maturation of unilateral cleft lip and palate.  Ann Maxillofac Surg.  2012; 2: 158\u2013 162."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b05","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"664","article-title":"Dental development in children with cleft palates","volume":"47","author":"Bailit\n              HL,","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bailit\n              HL, \n            \n              Doykos\n              JD, \n            \n              Swanson\n              LT. \n          \n          Dental development in children with cleft palates.  J Dent Res.  1968; 47: 664."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b06","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"374","article-title":"Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls","volume":"38","author":"Eerens\n              K,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eerens\n              K, \n            \n              Vlietinck\n              R, \n            \n              Heidb\u00fcchel\n              K, \n            \n          .  Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2001; 38: 374\u2013 378."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b07","series-title":"Acta Chir Plast","first-page":"154","article-title":"Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"35","author":"Peterka\n              M,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Peterka\n              M, \n            \n              Tvrdek\n              M, \n            \n              M\u00fcllerov\u00e1\n              Z. \n          \n          Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate.  Acta Chir Plast.  1993; 35: 154\u2013 158."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"174","article-title":"Secondary bone graft and eruption of the permanent canine in patients with alveolar clefts: literature review and case report","volume":"70","author":"da Silva Filho\n              OG,","year":"2000","unstructured":"da Silva Filho\n              OG, \n            \n              Teles\n              SG, \n            \n              Ozawa\n              TO, \n            \n              Filho\n              LC. \n          \n          Secondary bone graft and eruption of the permanent canine in patients with alveolar clefts: literature review and case report.  Angle Orthod.  2000; 70: 174\u2013 178."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b09","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"913","article-title":"Long-term results after secondary bone grafting of alveolar clefts","volume":"45","author":"Enemark\n              H,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Enemark\n              H, \n            \n              Sindet-Pedersen\n              S, \n            \n              Bundgaard\n              M. \n          \n          Long-term results after secondary bone grafting of alveolar clefts.  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A three-dimensional computed tomography study","volume":"78","author":"Kim\n              KR,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim\n              KR, \n            \n              Kim\n              S, \n            \n              Baek\n              SH. \n          \n          Change in grafted secondary alveolar bone in patients with UCLP and UCLA. A three-dimensional computed tomography study.  Angle Orthod.  2008; 78: 631\u2013 640."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b12","series-title":"Cleft Palate J","first-page":"9","article-title":"Canine eruption into grafted bone in maxillary alveolar cleft defects","volume":"19","author":"El Deeb\n              M,","year":"1982","unstructured":"El Deeb\n              M, \n            \n              Messer\n              LB, \n            \n              Lehnert\n              MW, \n            \n              Hebda\n              TW, \n            \n              Waite\n              DE. \n          \n          Canine eruption into grafted bone in maxillary alveolar cleft defects.  Cleft Palate J.  1982; 19: 9\u2013 16."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b13","series-title":"Forensic Sci Int","first-page":"158","article-title":"Dental age estimation from the developmental stage of the third molars in western Chinese population","volume":"219","author":"Li\n              G,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li\n              G, \n            \n              Ren\n              J, \n            \n              Zhao\n              S, \n            \n          .  Dental age estimation from the developmental stage of the third molars in western Chinese population.  Forensic Sci Int.  2012; 219: 158\u2013 164."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b14","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"289","article-title":"Dental development of Chinese children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"45","author":"Lai\n              MC,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lai\n              MC, \n            \n              King\n              NM, \n            \n              Wong\n              HM. \n          \n          Dental development of Chinese children with cleft lip and palate.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2008; 45: 289\u2013 296."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b15","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth","volume":"27","author":"Nolla\n              C.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla\n              C. \n          \n          The development of the permanent teeth.  J Dent Child.  1960; 27: 254\u2013 266."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b16","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"517","article-title":"Dental development of the permanent lateral incisor in patients with incomplete and complete unilateral cleft lip","volume":"42","author":"Pioto\n              NR,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pioto\n              NR, \n            \n              Costa\n              B, \n            \n              Gomide\n              MR. \n          \n          Dental development of the permanent lateral incisor in patients with incomplete and complete unilateral cleft lip.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2005; 42: 517\u2013 520."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b17","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"141","article-title":"Human tooth-size asymmetry in cleft lip with or without cleft palate","volume":"24","author":"Sofaer\n              JA.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sofaer\n              JA. \n          \n          Human tooth-size asymmetry in cleft lip with or without cleft palate.  Arch Oral Biol.  1979; 24: 141\u2013 146."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b18","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"193","article-title":"Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"39","author":"Ribeiro\n              LL,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ribeiro\n              LL, \n            \n              das Neves\n              LT, \n            \n              Costa\n              B, \n            \n              Gomide\n              MR. \n          \n          Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2002; 39: 193\u2013 196."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b01","series-title":"Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser","first-page":"3","article-title":"Facial clefting and its syndromes","volume":"7","author":"Gorlin\n              RJ,","year":"1971","unstructured":"Gorlin\n              RJ, \n            \n              Cervenka\n              J, \n            \n              Pruzansky\n              S. \n          \n          Facial clefting and its syndromes.  Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser.  1971; 7: 3\u2013 49."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b02","series-title":"J Korean Med Sci","first-page":"1233","article-title":"Prevalence of birth defects in Korean live birth, 2005\u20132006","volume":"27","author":"Kim\n              MA,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim\n              MA, \n            \n              Yee\n              NH, \n            \n              Choi\n              JS, \n            \n              Choi\n              JY, \n            \n              Seo\n              K. \n          \n          Prevalence of birth defects in Korean live birth, 2005\u20132006.  J Korean Med Sci.  2012; 27: 1233\u2013 1240."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"11","article-title":"A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate","volume":"90","author":"Ranta\n              R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ranta\n              R. \n          \n          A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate.  Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.  1986; 90: 11\u2013 18."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b04","series-title":"Ann Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"158","article-title":"Dental maturation of unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"2","author":"Tan\n              EL,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tan\n              EL, \n            \n              Yow\n              M, \n            \n              Kuek\n              MC, \n            \n              Wong\n              HC. \n          \n          Dental maturation of unilateral cleft lip and palate.  Ann Maxillofac Surg.  2012; 2: 158\u2013 162."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b05","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"664","article-title":"Dental development in children with cleft palates","volume":"47","author":"Bailit\n              HL,","year":"1968","unstructured":"Bailit\n              HL, \n            \n              Doykos\n              JD, \n            \n              Swanson\n              LT. \n          \n          Dental development in children with cleft palates.  J Dent Res.  1968; 47: 664."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b06","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"374","article-title":"Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls","volume":"38","author":"Eerens\n              K,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eerens\n              K, \n            \n              Vlietinck\n              R, \n            \n              Heidb\u00fcchel\n              K, \n            \n          .  Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2001; 38: 374\u2013 378."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b07","series-title":"Acta Chir Plast","first-page":"154","article-title":"Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"35","author":"Peterka\n              M,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Peterka\n              M, \n            \n              Tvrdek\n              M, \n            \n              M\u00fcllerov\u00e1\n              Z. \n          \n          Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate.  Acta Chir Plast.  1993; 35: 154\u2013 158."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"174","article-title":"Secondary bone graft and eruption of the permanent canine in patients with alveolar clefts: literature review and case report","volume":"70","author":"da Silva Filho\n              OG,","year":"2000","unstructured":"da Silva Filho\n              OG, \n            \n              Teles\n              SG, \n            \n              Ozawa\n              TO, \n            \n              Filho\n              LC. \n          \n          Secondary bone graft and eruption of the permanent canine in patients with alveolar clefts: literature review and case report.  Angle Orthod.  2000; 70: 174\u2013 178."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b09","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"913","article-title":"Long-term results after secondary bone grafting of alveolar clefts","volume":"45","author":"Enemark\n              H,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Enemark\n              H, \n            \n              Sindet-Pedersen\n              S, \n            \n              Bundgaard\n              M. \n          \n          Long-term results after secondary bone grafting of alveolar clefts.  J Oral Maxillofac Surg.  1987; 45: 913\u2013 919."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b10","series-title":"Ann Plast Surg","first-page":"460","article-title":"Secondary bone grafting and orthodontic treatment in patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate","volume":"17","author":"Bergland\n              O,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bergland\n              O, \n            \n              Semb\n              G, \n            \n              Abyholm\n              F, \n            \n              Borchgrevink\n              H, \n            \n              Eskeland\n              G. \n          \n          Secondary bone grafting and orthodontic treatment in patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and palate.  Ann Plast Surg.  1986; 17: 460\u2013 474."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"631","article-title":"Change in grafted secondary alveolar bone in patients with UCLP and UCLA. A three-dimensional computed tomography study","volume":"78","author":"Kim\n              KR,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim\n              KR, \n            \n              Kim\n              S, \n            \n              Baek\n              SH. \n          \n          Change in grafted secondary alveolar bone in patients with UCLP and UCLA. A three-dimensional computed tomography study.  Angle Orthod.  2008; 78: 631\u2013 640."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b12","series-title":"Cleft Palate J","first-page":"9","article-title":"Canine eruption into grafted bone in maxillary alveolar cleft defects","volume":"19","author":"El Deeb\n              M,","year":"1982","unstructured":"El Deeb\n              M, \n            \n              Messer\n              LB, \n            \n              Lehnert\n              MW, \n            \n              Hebda\n              TW, \n            \n              Waite\n              DE. \n          \n          Canine eruption into grafted bone in maxillary alveolar cleft defects.  Cleft Palate J.  1982; 19: 9\u2013 16."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b13","series-title":"Forensic Sci Int","first-page":"158","article-title":"Dental age estimation from the developmental stage of the third molars in western Chinese population","volume":"219","author":"Li\n              G,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li\n              G, \n            \n              Ren\n              J, \n            \n              Zhao\n              S, \n            \n          .  Dental age estimation from the developmental stage of the third molars in western Chinese population.  Forensic Sci Int.  2012; 219: 158\u2013 164."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b14","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"289","article-title":"Dental development of Chinese children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"45","author":"Lai\n              MC,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lai\n              MC, \n            \n              King\n              NM, \n            \n              Wong\n              HM. \n          \n          Dental development of Chinese children with cleft lip and palate.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2008; 45: 289\u2013 296."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b15","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth","volume":"27","author":"Nolla\n              C.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla\n              C. \n          \n          The development of the permanent teeth.  J Dent Child.  1960; 27: 254\u2013 266."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b16","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"517","article-title":"Dental development of the permanent lateral incisor in patients with incomplete and complete unilateral cleft lip","volume":"42","author":"Pioto\n              NR,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pioto\n              NR, \n            \n              Costa\n              B, \n            \n              Gomide\n              MR. \n          \n          Dental development of the permanent lateral incisor in patients with incomplete and complete unilateral cleft lip.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2005; 42: 517\u2013 520."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b17","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"141","article-title":"Human tooth-size asymmetry in cleft lip with or without cleft palate","volume":"24","author":"Sofaer\n              JA.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sofaer\n              JA. \n          \n          Human tooth-size asymmetry in cleft lip with or without cleft palate.  Arch Oral Biol.  1979; 24: 141\u2013 146."},{"key":"angl-86-03-16-b18","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"193","article-title":"Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"39","author":"Ribeiro\n              LL,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ribeiro\n              LL, \n            \n              das Neves\n              LT, \n            \n              Costa\n              B, \n            \n              Gomide\n              MR. \n          \n          Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.  Cleft Palate Craniofac J.  2002; 39: 193\u2013 196."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/84\/6\/article-p989.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/84\/6\/article-p989.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/84\/6\/article-p989.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:40:34Z","timestamp":1780069234000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/84\/6\/article-p989.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/011014-38.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}}}