{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:43:45Z","timestamp":1787762625156,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the influence of text messages on cooperation of Class II patients with the use of intermaxillary elastics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n The sample consisted of 42 orthodontic patients (20 males and 22 females) aged between 14 and 34 years. They were randomly divided into one of the following two groups: a control group with 21 patients who did not receive messages and an experimental group with 21 patients who received motivational and reminder text messages. Messages were sent twice a week for a period of 3 months. The patients were instructed to wear the elastics all day, removing them only during meals and replacing them daily. All patients were instructed regarding the importance of cooperation. Measurements were performed with a digital caliper on plaster models at the beginning of elastics wear (T1) and 3 months later (T2). For intragroup and intergroup comparisons between T1 and T2, paired and unpaired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -tests, respectively, were used with a significance level of 5%.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Statistically significant differences were observed in the intra- and intergroup comparisons between T1 and T2. Both groups showed a decrease in the sagittal distance between upper and lower arches from T1 to T2, demonstrating the effective use of elastics. However, the experimental group showed a Class II correction that was 3.7 times greater than the control group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Text messages had a positive influence on the cooperation of patients regarding the use of intermaxillary elastics in the orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/011218-31.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,6]],"date-time":"2018-08-06T09:41:46Z","timestamp":1533548506000},"page":"111-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The influence of text messages on the cooperation of Class II patients regarding the use of intermaxillary elastics"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Simone Maria Massud","family":"Leone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Graduate Student, Orthodontic Department, Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Bauru, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Maria","family":"de Souza-Constantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Graduate Student, Orthodontic Department, Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Bauru, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Claudia Castro Ferreira","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor, Orthodontic Department, Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Bauru, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldino Capelozza","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor, Orthodontic Department, Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Bauru, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata Rodrigues","family":"de Almeida-Pedrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor, Orthodontic Department, Universidade do Sagrado Cora\u00e7\u00e3o, Bauru, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"123","article-title":"Effect of behavior modification on patient compliance in orthodontics","volume":"68","author":"Richter \n DD,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Richter \n DD, \n \n \n Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Sinha \n PK, \n \n \n Smith \n DW. \n \n \n Effect of behavior modification on patient compliance in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:123\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"15","article-title":"Prediction of cooperation in orthodontic treatment","volume":"102","author":"Nanda \n RS,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Kierl \n MJ. \n \n \n Prediction of cooperation in orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;102:15\u201321."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b03","series-title":"Fortschr Kieferorthop, M\u00fcnchen","first-page":"119","article-title":"The clinical and psychological indicators of behavior in wearing a removable appliance","volume":"54","author":"Bartsch \n A,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bartsch \n A, \n \n \n Witt \n E, \n \n \n Dietz \n I, \n \n \n Dietz \n P\n . \n The clinical and psychological indicators of behavior in wearing a removable appliance. Fortschr Kieferorthop, M\u00fcnchen. 1993;54(3):119\u2013128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"115","article-title":"Orthodontists' assessment and management of patient compliance","volume":"68","author":"Mehra \n T,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mehra \n T, \n \n \n Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Sinha \n PK. \n \n \n Orthodontists' assessment and management of patient compliance. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:115\u2013122."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"110","article-title":"Social media basics for orthodontists","volume":"141","author":"Jorgensen \n G.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jorgensen \n G. \n \n \n Social media basics for orthodontists. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:110\u2013115."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"329","article-title":"Influence of supplemental written information on adolescent anxiety, motivation and compliance in early orthodontic treatment","volume":"80","author":"Wright \n NS,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wright \n NS, \n \n \n Fleming \n PS, \n \n \n Sharma \n PK, \n \n \n Battagel \n J. \n \n \n Influence of supplemental written information on adolescent anxiety, motivation and compliance in early orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:329\u2013335."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"771","article-title":"Media advertising effects on consumer perception of orthodontic treatment quality","volume":"78","author":"Edwards \n DT,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Edwards \n DT, \n \n \n Shroff \n B, \n \n \n Lindauer \n SJ, \n \n \n Fowler \n CE, \n \n \n Tufekci \n E. \n \n \n Media advertising effects on consumer perception of orthodontic treatment quality. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:771\u2013777."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b08","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"E2","article-title":"The use of a mobile app to motivate evidence-based oral hygiene behaviour","volume":"219","author":"Underwood \n B,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Underwood \n B, \n \n \n Birdsall \n J, \n \n \n Kay \n E. \n \n \n The use of a mobile app to motivate evidence-based oral hygiene behaviour. Br Dent J. 2015;219:E2."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b09","series-title":"Ann Rev Public Health","first-page":"393","article-title":"Text messaging for health: a systematic review of reviews","volume":"36","author":"Hall \n AK,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall \n AK, \n \n \n Cole-Lewis \n H, \n \n \n Bernhard \n JM. \n \n \n Text messaging for health: a systematic review of reviews. Ann Rev Public Health. 2015;36:393\u2013415."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b10","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"123","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion in children aged 7 to 12 years","volume":"16","author":"Almeida \n MR,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Almeida \n MR, \n \n \n Pereira \n ALP, \n \n \n Almeida \n RR, \n \n \n Almeida-Pedrin \n RR, \n \n \n Silva Filho \n OG. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion in children aged 7 to 12 years. Dental Press J Orthod. 2011;16:123\u2013131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b11","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n WR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Proffit \n WR, \n \n \n Fields \n HW, \n \n \n Moray \n LJ. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Castello Branco NC, Freitas MR. Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Sathler \n R, \n \n \n Fernandes \n TMF, \n \n \n Castello Branco NC, Freitas MR. Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review. Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthop. 2013;143:383\u2013392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones \n G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones \n G, \n \n \n Buschang \n PH, \n \n \n Kim \n KB, \n \n \n Oliver \n DR. \n \n \n Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:332\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b14","series-title":"J Dent Oro Surg","first-page":"103","article-title":"Does text message reminder help orthodontic patients to wear intra-oral elastics during the treatment","volume":"1","author":"Pinchani \n V,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pinchani \n V, \n \n \n Kalia \n A, \n \n \n Gupta \n G, \n \n \n Mirdehghan \n N. \n \n \n Does text message reminder help orthodontic patients to wear intra-oral elastics during the treatment. J Dent Oro Surg. 2015;1:103\u2013108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b15","series-title":"J Health Inform","first-page":"159","article-title":"Impact of text messaging\u2013short message service as reminders on adherence to health care\u2014a systematic review","volume":"4","author":"Prado \n CS,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Prado \n CS, \n \n \n Ten\u00f3rio \n JM, \n \n \n Ruiz \n EES, \n \n \n Ortolani \n CLJ, \n \n \n Pisa \n IT. \n \n \n Impact of text messaging\u2013short message service as reminders on adherence to health care\u2014a systematic review. J Health Inform. 2012;4:159\u2013164."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b16","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Effect of intervention using a messaging app on compliance and duration of treatment in orthodontic patients","volume":"20","author":"Li \n X,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li \n X, \n \n \n Xu \n ZR, \n \n \n Tang \n N, \n \n et al. \n Effect of intervention using a messaging app on compliance and duration of treatment in orthodontic patients. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20:1849\u20131859."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"101","article-title":"Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients","volume":"86","author":"Zotti \n F,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zotti \n F, \n \n \n Dalessandri \n D, \n \n \n Salgarello \n S, \n \n et al. \n Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod. 2015;86:101\u2013107."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b18","series-title":"J Oral Hyg Health","first-page":"2","article-title":"Salil Nene HJ. Does text messaging reminder help in the orthodontic compliance of patients to maintain their oral hygiene","volume":"2","author":"Jejurikar \n H,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jejurikar \n H, \n \n \n Salil Nene HJ. Does text messaging reminder help in the orthodontic compliance of patients to maintain their oral hygiene. J Oral Hyg Health. 2014;2:2\u20135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"208","article-title":"Influence of active reminders on oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients","volume":"84","author":"Eppright \n M,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eppright \n M, \n \n \n Shroff \n B, \n \n \n Best \n AM, \n \n \n Barcoma \n E, \n \n \n Lindauer \n SJ. \n \n \n Influence of active reminders on oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients. 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Prog Orthodont. 2016;17:41\u201346."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b22","series-title":"Iraqi Dent. J","first-page":"58","article-title":"The influence of text message reminders on oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients","volume":"38","author":"Abdaljawwad \n A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abdaljawwad \n A. \n \n \n The influence of text message reminders on oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients. Iraqi Dent. J. 2016;38:58\u201362."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b23","series-title":"Pakistan Oral Dental J","first-page":"278","article-title":"Effectiveness of text message instructions on oral hygiene for orthodontic patients","volume":"37","author":"Iqbal \n J,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Iqbal \n J, \n \n \n Awan \n R, \n \n \n Parvez \n A, \n \n \n Zahid \n AUH, \n \n \n Gardezi \n AA, \n \n \n Irfan \n S. \n \n \n Effectiveness of text message instructions on oral hygiene for orthodontic patients. Pakistan Oral Dental J. 2017;37:278\u2013282."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b24","series-title":"J Telemedic Telecare","first-page":"432","article-title":"Mobile-phone text messaging (SMS) for providing oral health education to mothers of preschool children in Belgaum City","volume":"17","author":"Sharma \n R,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sharma \n R, \n \n \n Hebbal \n M, \n \n \n Ankola \n AV, \n \n \n Murugabupathy \n V. \n \n \n Mobile-phone text messaging (SMS) for providing oral health education to mothers of preschool children in Belgaum City. J Telemedic Telecare. 2011;17:432\u2013436."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b25","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"199","article-title":"The use of postal reminders to reduce non-attendance at an orthodontic clinic: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"195","author":"Can \n S,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Can \n S, \n \n \n Macfarlane \n T, \n \n \n O'Brien \n KD. \n \n \n The use of postal reminders to reduce non-attendance at an orthodontic clinic: a randomised controlled trial. Br Dent J. 2003;195:199\u2013201; discussion 196."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b26","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"190","article-title":"Effect of a computer-generated telephone reminder system on appointment attendance","volume":"10","author":"Roth \n JP,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Roth \n JP, \n \n \n Kula \n TJ\n Jr, \n \n \n Glaros \n A, \n \n \n Kula \n K. \n \n \n Effect of a computer-generated telephone reminder system on appointment attendance. 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J Dental Sci. 2013;4:77\u201380."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"123","article-title":"Effect of behavior modification on patient compliance in orthodontics","volume":"68","author":"Richter \n DD,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Richter \n DD, \n \n \n Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Sinha \n PK, \n \n \n Smith \n DW. \n \n \n Effect of behavior modification on patient compliance in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:123\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"15","article-title":"Prediction of cooperation in orthodontic treatment","volume":"102","author":"Nanda \n RS,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Kierl \n MJ. \n \n \n Prediction of cooperation in orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;102:15\u201321."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b03","series-title":"Fortschr Kieferorthop, M\u00fcnchen","first-page":"119","article-title":"The clinical and psychological indicators of behavior in wearing a removable appliance","volume":"54","author":"Bartsch \n A,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bartsch \n A, \n \n \n Witt \n E, \n \n \n Dietz \n I, \n \n \n Dietz \n P\n . \n The clinical and psychological indicators of behavior in wearing a removable appliance. Fortschr Kieferorthop, M\u00fcnchen. 1993;54(3):119\u2013128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"115","article-title":"Orthodontists' assessment and management of patient compliance","volume":"68","author":"Mehra \n T,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mehra \n T, \n \n \n Nanda \n RS, \n \n \n Sinha \n PK. \n \n \n Orthodontists' assessment and management of patient compliance. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:115\u2013122."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"110","article-title":"Social media basics for orthodontists","volume":"141","author":"Jorgensen \n G.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jorgensen \n G. \n \n \n Social media basics for orthodontists. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:110\u2013115."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"329","article-title":"Influence of supplemental written information on adolescent anxiety, motivation and compliance in early orthodontic treatment","volume":"80","author":"Wright \n NS,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wright \n NS, \n \n \n Fleming \n PS, \n \n \n Sharma \n PK, \n \n \n Battagel \n J. \n \n \n Influence of supplemental written information on adolescent anxiety, motivation and compliance in early orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:329\u2013335."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"771","article-title":"Media advertising effects on consumer perception of orthodontic treatment quality","volume":"78","author":"Edwards \n DT,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Edwards \n DT, \n \n \n Shroff \n B, \n \n \n Lindauer \n SJ, \n \n \n Fowler \n CE, \n \n \n Tufekci \n E. \n \n \n Media advertising effects on consumer perception of orthodontic treatment quality. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:771\u2013777."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b08","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"E2","article-title":"The use of a mobile app to motivate evidence-based oral hygiene behaviour","volume":"219","author":"Underwood \n B,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Underwood \n B, \n \n \n Birdsall \n J, \n \n \n Kay \n E. \n \n \n The use of a mobile app to motivate evidence-based oral hygiene behaviour. Br Dent J. 2015;219:E2."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b09","series-title":"Ann Rev Public Health","first-page":"393","article-title":"Text messaging for health: a systematic review of reviews","volume":"36","author":"Hall \n AK,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hall \n AK, \n \n \n Cole-Lewis \n H, \n \n \n Bernhard \n JM. \n \n \n Text messaging for health: a systematic review of reviews. Ann Rev Public Health. 2015;36:393\u2013415."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b10","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"123","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion in children aged 7 to 12 years","volume":"16","author":"Almeida \n MR,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Almeida \n MR, \n \n \n Pereira \n ALP, \n \n \n Almeida \n RR, \n \n \n Almeida-Pedrin \n RR, \n \n \n Silva Filho \n OG. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion in children aged 7 to 12 years. Dental Press J Orthod. 2011;16:123\u2013131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b11","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n WR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Proffit \n WR, \n \n \n Fields \n HW, \n \n \n Moray \n LJ. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Castello Branco NC, Freitas MR. Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Sathler \n R, \n \n \n Fernandes \n TMF, \n \n \n Castello Branco NC, Freitas MR. Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review. Am J Orthodont Dentofac Orthop. 2013;143:383\u2013392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones \n G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones \n G, \n \n \n Buschang \n PH, \n \n \n Kim \n KB, \n \n \n Oliver \n DR. \n \n \n Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:332\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b14","series-title":"J Dent Oro Surg","first-page":"103","article-title":"Does text message reminder help orthodontic patients to wear intra-oral elastics during the treatment","volume":"1","author":"Pinchani \n V,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pinchani \n V, \n \n \n Kalia \n A, \n \n \n Gupta \n G, \n \n \n Mirdehghan \n N. \n \n \n Does text message reminder help orthodontic patients to wear intra-oral elastics during the treatment. 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J Health Inform. 2012;4:159\u2013164."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b16","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1849","article-title":"Effect of intervention using a messaging app on compliance and duration of treatment in orthodontic patients","volume":"20","author":"Li \n X,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li \n X, \n \n \n Xu \n ZR, \n \n \n Tang \n N, \n \n et al. \n Effect of intervention using a messaging app on compliance and duration of treatment in orthodontic patients. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20:1849\u20131859."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-111-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"101","article-title":"Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients","volume":"86","author":"Zotti \n F,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zotti \n F, \n \n \n Dalessandri \n D, \n \n \n Salgarello \n S, \n \n et al. \n Usefulness of an app in improving oral hygiene compliance in adolescent orthodontic patients. 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