{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:20:36Z","timestamp":1778570436748,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Objective: To evaluate skeletal and dentoalveolar changes induced by the eruption guidance appliance in the early mixed dentition.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Materials and Methods: Pre- and posttreatment cephalometric radiographs of 115 consecutively treated children, 62 boys and 53 girls, were compared with those obtained from a control group of 104 children, 52 boys and 52 girls. Pretreatment radiographs were taken at the deciduous-mixed dentition interphase (T1) and after full eruption of all permanent incisors and first molars (T2). The mean age of the children in both groups was 5.1 years at T1 and 8.4 years at T2.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Results: A significant difference between the groups at T2 was found in the mandibular length, midfacial length, and maxillomandibular differential. The increase in mandibular length was 11.1 mm in the treatment group and 7.2 mm in the control group. No differences were found in measurements of maxillary position or size. There was a significant shift toward a Class I relationship in the treatment group. Labial tipping and linear protrusion of the mandibular incisors was evident in the treatment group at T2. There was no effect on the inclination or position of the maxillary incisors.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Conclusions: Occlusal correction was achieved mainly through changes in the dentoalveolar region of the mandible. In addition, the appliance enhanced condylar growth resulting in a clinically significant increase in mandibular length. No effect was observed on maxillary position, maxillary size, inclination or protrusion of the maxillary incisors, or facial height.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/012607-37.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,27]],"date-time":"2007-08-27T16:16:24Z","timestamp":1188231384000},"page":"324-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Dentofacial Changes after Orthodontic Intervention with Eruption Guidance Appliance in the Early Mixed Dentition"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Katri","family":"Keski-Nisula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a\u2009Chief Orthodontist, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leo","family":"Keski-Nisula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"b\u2009Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Salo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"c\u2009Chief Dental Officer, Jalasj\u00e4rvi Health Center, Jalasj\u00e4rvi, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kati","family":"Voipio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"d\u2009General Practitioner, Kurikka Health Center, Kurikka, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Varrela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"e\u2009Professor and Department Chair, Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-263x.2000.00178.x","article-title":"Interceptive orthodontics in the real world of community dentistry.","volume":"10","author":"Al Nimri","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b2","first-page":"344","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment need from eight to 12 years of age in an early treatment oriented public health care system: a prospective study.","volume":"75","author":"V\u00e4kiparta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70276-8","article-title":"Headgear versus function regulator in the early treatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion: a randomized clinical trial.","volume":"113","author":"Gafari","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70275-6","article-title":"Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear.","volume":"113","author":"Keeling","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70277-X","article-title":"Benefit of early Class II treatment: progress report of a two-phase randomized clinical trial.","volume":"113","author":"Tulloch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.06.001","article-title":"Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: Dental and skeletal effects.","volume":"124","author":"O'Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b7","first-page":"317","article-title":"Orthopedic cervical headgear with expanded inner bow in Class II correction.","volume":"70","author":"Kirjavainen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/26.1.59","article-title":"The effects of early headgear treatment on dental arches and craniofacial morphology: a report of a 2 year randomized study.","volume":"26","author":"M\u00e4ntysaari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Orthodontic intervention in the early mixed dentition: a prospective controlled study on the effects of eruption guidance appliance.","author":"Keski-Nisula","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.05.039"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.02.001","article-title":"Occurrence of malocclusion and need of orthodontic treatment in early mixed dentition.","volume":"124","author":"Keski-Nisula","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b11","first-page":"28","article-title":"The eruption guidance myofunctional appliance: how it works, how to use it.","volume":"1","author":"Bergersen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Funct Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.01.025","article-title":"Dentofacial features of children with distal occlusions, large overjets, and deep-bites in the early mixed dentition.","volume":"130","author":"Keski-Nisula","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b13","first-page":"218","article-title":"The prevention of overbite and overjet development in the 3 to 8 year old by controlled nighttime guidance of incisal eruption: a study of 43 individuals.","volume":"14","author":"Methenitou","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pedod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b14","first-page":"299","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of the eruption guidance appliance in Class II, division I treatment.","volume":"31","author":"Janson","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70222-8","article-title":"Eruption guidance appliance effects in the treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusions.","volume":"117","author":"Janson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b16","first-page":"521","article-title":"Occlusal changes of Class II malocclusion treatment between Fr\u00e4nkel and the eruption guidance appliances.","volume":"74","author":"Janson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90169-1","article-title":"The Herbst appliance\u2014its biologic effects and clinical use.","volume":"87","author":"Pancherz","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90233-7","article-title":"Skeletal and dental changes following functional regulator therapy on Class II patients.","volume":"88","author":"McNamara","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(90)70007-Y","article-title":"A comparison of the Herbst and Fr\u00e4nkel appliances in the treatment of Class II malocclusions.","volume":"98","author":"McNamara","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70232-X","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Twin-block appliance: a cephalometric study.","volume":"114","author":"Mills","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70193-9","article-title":"Treatment effects produced by the Twin-block appliance and the FR-2 appliance of Fr\u00e4nkel compared with an untreated Class II sample.","volume":"116","author":"Toth","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.3.301","article-title":"Class II treatment effects of the Fr\u00e4nkel appliance.","volume":"25","author":"Janson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2000.105571","article-title":"Treatment timing for Twin-block therapy.","volume":"118","author":"Baccetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b24","first-page":"221","article-title":"Long-term effectiveness and treatment timing for Bionator therapy.","volume":"73","author":"Faltin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(00)70202-2","article-title":"Maxillary transverse deficiency.","volume":"117","author":"McNamara","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.119801","article-title":"Dentoalveolar changes related to mandibular forward growth in untreated Class II persons.","volume":"120","author":"You","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b27","article-title":"Growing jaws for fun and profit: a modest proposal.","author":"Johnston"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(79)90136-2","article-title":"The effect of activator treatment on Class II malocclusion.","volume":"75","author":"Wieslander","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/8.4.215","article-title":"Occlusal changes during and after Herbst treatment: a cephalometric study.","volume":"8","author":"Pancherz","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90055-3","article-title":"Functional appliances: a review.","volume":"95","author":"Bishara","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b31","article-title":"Treatment timing: effectiveness and efficacy.","author":"Proffit"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b32","first-page":"55","article-title":"Changes in dentofacial structures in untreated Class II division I and normal subjects: a longitudinal study.","volume":"67","author":"Bishara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(88)90189-8","article-title":"Changes in the molar relationship between the deciduous and permanent dentitions.","volume":"93","author":"Bishara","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b34","first-page":"33","article-title":"Occlusal changes from adolescence to adulthood in untreated patients with Class II Division I deepbite malocclusion.","volume":"69","author":"Feldmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"2020042123595369800_i0003-3219-078-02-0324-b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70287-7","article-title":"Early dentofacial features of Class II malocclusion: a longitudinal study from the deciduous through the mixed dentition.","volume":"111","author":"Baccetti","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/78\/2\/324\/1382151\/012607-37_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/78\/2\/324\/1382151\/012607-37_1.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T15:48:54Z","timestamp":1746632934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/78\/2\/article-p324.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/012607-37.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}}}