{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T01:30:25Z","timestamp":1783387825860,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To determine whether total or partial etching procedures influence the appearance of white spot lesions (WSLs).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This split-mouth, double-blind, controlled, randomized study included 20 patients (mean age 16.75 years), who had class I malocclusion, mild crowding, and satisfactory oral hygiene. A total of 40 maxillary quadrants were randomly allocated to be treated using a total etching (TE) or partial etching (PE) protocol. Quantitative light fluorescence images were captured at the beginning and at 3 (T1) and 6 (T2) months after beginning orthodontic treatmen, as well as when the debonding phase of orthodontic treatment was complete (T3). The presence of pre- and posttreatment WSLs was assessed with quantitative light fluorescence software and analyzed with Student's\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The analyses showed that, at T2, the total etching group had significantly higher \u0394Q and A scores than the partial etching group (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05). The \u0394F scores increased significantly at all timepoints in the TE group, but only at T1 and T3 in the PE group. However, no differences were noted at T3 between the TE and PE groups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > .05). The inclusion of only right-handed people may have limited the generalizability of the findings. The absence of analyses of the plaque and gingivitis scores of patients was another limitation of this study.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n WSL formation was observed mostly in maxillary lateral incisor teeth irrespective of the etching technique. Although PE seems to be more successful in the first 6 months, no difference was observed between PE and TE in the long term for WSL formation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/013018-84.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T16:03:17Z","timestamp":1538064197000},"page":"16-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Do total or partial etching procedures effect the rate of white spot lesion formation? A single-center, randomized, controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Yagci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elif Dilara","family":"Seker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Specialist, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevser Kurt","family":"Demirsoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Ni\u011fde, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabri Ilhan","family":"Ramoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e17","article-title":"White-spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment: a challenge for clinical excellence","volume":"140","author":"Enaia \n M,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Enaia \n M, \n \n \n Bock \n N, \n \n \n Ruf \n S. \n \n \n White-spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment: a challenge for clinical excellence. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e17\u2013e24."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"188","article-title":"Risk factors for incidence and severity of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances","volume":"138","author":"Chapman \n JA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chapman \n JA, \n \n \n Roberts \n WE, \n \n \n Eckert \n GJ, \n \n \n Kula \n KS, \n \n \n Gonzalez-Cabezas \n C. \n \n \n Risk factors for incidence and severity of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:188\u2013194."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"93","article-title":"Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding","volume":"81","author":"Gorelick \n L,","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gorelick \n L, \n \n \n Geiger \n AM, \n \n \n Gwinnett \n AJ. \n \n \n Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:93\u201398."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"343","article-title":"Esthetic comparison of white-spot lesion treatment modalities using spectrometry and fluorescence","volume":"84","author":"Yuan \n H,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuan \n H, \n \n \n Li \n J, \n \n \n Chen \n L, \n \n \n Cheng \n L, \n \n \n Cannon \n RD, \n \n \n Mei \n L. \n \n \n Esthetic comparison of white-spot lesion treatment modalities using spectrometry and fluorescence. Angle Orthod. 2013;84:343\u2013349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b05","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"11","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of white spot lesions in 42 orthodontic patients","volume":"8","author":"Khoroushi \n M,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khoroushi \n M, \n \n \n Kachuie \n M. \n \n \n Prevention and treatment of white spot lesions in 42 orthodontic patients. Contemp Clin Dent. 2017;8:11\u201319."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"136.e1","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment-related white spot lesions: a 14-year prospective quantitative follow-up, including bonding material assessment","volume":"138","author":"Shungin \n D,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shungin \n D, \n \n \n Olsson \n AI, \n \n \n Persson \n M. \n \n \n Orthodontic treatment-related white spot lesions: a 14-year prospective quantitative follow-up, including bonding material assessment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:136.e1\u2013e8."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"585","article-title":"Quantification of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets with image analysis","volume":"78","author":"Livas \n C,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Livas \n C, \n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM, \n \n \n Bronkhorst \n E, \n \n \n Derks \n A, \n \n \n Katsaros \n C. \n \n \n Quantification of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets with image analysis. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:585\u2013590."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"68","article-title":"Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization: part 1. Lesion development","volume":"94","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"1988","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n R\u00f8lla \n G, \n \n \n Arends \n J. \n \n \n Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization: part 1. Lesion development. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;94:68\u201373."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b09","series-title":"Caries Res. 1955;","first-page":"2","article-title":"Ten Bosch J, Angmar-M\u00e5nsson B. A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence","volume":"29","author":"De Jong \n EJ,","unstructured":"De Jong \n EJ, \n \n \n Sundstr\u00f6m \n F, \n \n \n Westerling \n H, \n \n \n Tranaeus \n S, \n \n \n Ten Bosch J, Angmar-M\u00e5nsson B. A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence. Caries Res. 1955;29:2\u20137."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"991","article-title":"Quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital as an oral hygiene evaluation tool to assess plaque accumulation and enamel demineralization in orthodontics","volume":"86","author":"Miller \n CC,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller \n CC, \n \n \n Burnside \n G, \n \n \n Higham \n SM, \n \n \n Flannigan \n NL. \n \n \n Quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital as an oral hygiene evaluation tool to assess plaque accumulation and enamel demineralization in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 2016;86:991\u2013997."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"331","article-title":"White spot lesion formation after treatment with full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders","volume":"149","author":"Yagci \n A,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yagci \n A, \n \n \n Korkmaz \n YN, \n \n \n Buyuk \n SK, \n \n \n Yagci \n F, \n \n \n Atilla \n AO. \n \n \n White spot lesion formation after treatment with full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:331\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"122","article-title":"Bond strength of metallic brackets after dental bleaching","volume":"79","author":"Patusco \n VC,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patusco \n VC, \n \n \n Montenegro \n G, \n \n \n Lenza \n MA, \n \n \n Alves de Carvalho \n A. \n \n \n Bond strength of metallic brackets after dental bleaching. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:122\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b13","series-title":"Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students","first-page":"122","author":"Dahlberg \n G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n G. \n \n \n Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students. London: George Allen & Unwin; 1940:122\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"123","article-title":"Ten Cate J. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization part 2. Prevention and treatment of lesions","volume":"94","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"1988","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n R\u00f8lla \n G, \n \n \n Arends \n J, \n \n \n Ten Cate J. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization part 2. Prevention and treatment of lesions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;94:123\u2013128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b15","series-title":"Caries Res","first-page":"21","article-title":"Comparison of QLF and DIAGNOdent for quantification of smooth surface caries","volume":"35","author":"Shi \n XQ,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shi \n XQ, \n \n \n Tran\u00e6us \n A, \n \n \n Angmar-Mansson \n B. \n \n \n Comparison of QLF and DIAGNOdent for quantification of smooth surface caries. Caries Res. 2001;35:21\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b16","series-title":"Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent","first-page":"27","article-title":"Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: an in vitro study","volume":"10","author":"Gray \n G,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gray \n G, \n \n \n Shellis \n P. \n \n \n Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: an in vitro study. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2002;10:27\u201332."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b17","series-title":"Eur J Oral Sci","first-page":"237","article-title":"White spot lesions around brackets: in vitro detection by laser fluorescence","volume":"112","author":"Staudt \n CB,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Staudt \n CB, \n \n \n Lussi \n A, \n \n \n Jacquet \n J, \n \n \n Kiliaridis \n S. \n \n \n White spot lesions around brackets: in vitro detection by laser fluorescence. Eur J Oral Sci. 2004;112:237\u2013243."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"28","article-title":"Effects of combined application of antimicrobial and fluoride varnishes in orthodontic patients","volume":"120","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"2001","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n Larsson \n E, \n \n \n Henriksson \n T, \n \n \n Birkhed \n D, \n \n \n Bishara \n SE. \n \n \n Effects of combined application of antimicrobial and fluoride varnishes in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;120:28\u201335."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"908","article-title":"Orthodontic attachments and chlorhexidine-containing varnish effects on gingival health","volume":"78","author":"Paschos \n E,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paschos \n E, \n \n \n Limbach \n M, \n \n \n Teichmann \n M, \n \n et al. \n Orthodontic attachments and chlorhexidine-containing varnish effects on gingival health. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:908\u2013916."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"231","article-title":"Archwire ligation techniques, microbial colonization, and periodontal status in orthodontically treated patients","volume":"75","author":"T\u00fcrkkahraman \n H,","year":"2005","unstructured":"T\u00fcrkkahraman \n H, \n \n \n Say\u0131n \n M, \n \n \n Bozkurt \n FY, \n \n \n Yetkin \n Z, \n \n \n Kaya \n S, \n \n \n \u00d6nal \n S. \n \n \n Archwire ligation techniques, microbial colonization, and periodontal status in orthodontically treated patients. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:231\u2013236."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b21","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"217","article-title":"The in vitro detection of early enamel de-and re-mineralization adjacent to bonded orthodontic cleats using quantitative light-induced fluorescence","volume":"25","author":"Pretty \n I,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pretty \n I, \n \n \n Pender \n N, \n \n \n Edgar \n W, \n \n \n Higham \n S. \n \n \n The in vitro detection of early enamel de-and re-mineralization adjacent to bonded orthodontic cleats using quantitative light-induced fluorescence. Eur J Orthod. 2003;25:217\u2013223."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"836","article-title":"Determinants of enamel decalcification during simulated orthodontic treatment","volume":"81","author":"Hess \n E,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hess \n E, \n \n \n Campbell \n PM, \n \n \n Honeyman \n AL, \n \n \n Buschang \n PH. \n \n \n Determinants of enamel decalcification during simulated orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:836\u2013842."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b23","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"132","article-title":"Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of the bonding mechanism of a self-etching primer on enamel","volume":"76","author":"Cal-Neto \n JP,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cal-Neto \n JP, \n \n \n Miguel \n JAM. \n \n \n Scanning electron microscopy evaluation of the bonding mechanism of a self-etching primer on enamel. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:132\u2013136."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b24","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"134","article-title":"Changes in white spot lesions following post-orthodontic weekly application of 1.25 per cent fluoride gel over 6 months\u2014a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Part I: photographic data evaluation","volume":"39;","author":"Bock \n NC,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bock \n NC, \n \n \n Seibold \n L, \n \n \n Heumann \n C, \n \n \n Gnandt \n E, \n \n \n R\u00f6der \n M, \n \n \n Ruf \n S. \n \n \n Changes in white spot lesions following post-orthodontic weekly application of 1.25 per cent fluoride gel over 6 months\u2014a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Part I: photographic data evaluation. Eur J Orthod. 2017; 39;134\u2013143."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e17","article-title":"White-spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment: a challenge for clinical excellence","volume":"140","author":"Enaia \n M,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Enaia \n M, \n \n \n Bock \n N, \n \n \n Ruf \n S. \n \n \n White-spot lesions during multibracket appliance treatment: a challenge for clinical excellence. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e17\u2013e24."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"188","article-title":"Risk factors for incidence and severity of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances","volume":"138","author":"Chapman \n JA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chapman \n JA, \n \n \n Roberts \n WE, \n \n \n Eckert \n GJ, \n \n \n Kula \n KS, \n \n \n Gonzalez-Cabezas \n C. \n \n \n Risk factors for incidence and severity of white spot lesions during treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:188\u2013194."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"93","article-title":"Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding","volume":"81","author":"Gorelick \n L,","year":"1982","unstructured":"Gorelick \n L, \n \n \n Geiger \n AM, \n \n \n Gwinnett \n AJ. \n \n \n Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:93\u201398."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"343","article-title":"Esthetic comparison of white-spot lesion treatment modalities using spectrometry and fluorescence","volume":"84","author":"Yuan \n H,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yuan \n H, \n \n \n Li \n J, \n \n \n Chen \n L, \n \n \n Cheng \n L, \n \n \n Cannon \n RD, \n \n \n Mei \n L. \n \n \n Esthetic comparison of white-spot lesion treatment modalities using spectrometry and fluorescence. Angle Orthod. 2013;84:343\u2013349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b05","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"11","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of white spot lesions in 42 orthodontic patients","volume":"8","author":"Khoroushi \n M,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khoroushi \n M, \n \n \n Kachuie \n M. \n \n \n Prevention and treatment of white spot lesions in 42 orthodontic patients. Contemp Clin Dent. 2017;8:11\u201319."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"136.e1","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment-related white spot lesions: a 14-year prospective quantitative follow-up, including bonding material assessment","volume":"138","author":"Shungin \n D,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shungin \n D, \n \n \n Olsson \n AI, \n \n \n Persson \n M. \n \n \n Orthodontic treatment-related white spot lesions: a 14-year prospective quantitative follow-up, including bonding material assessment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:136.e1\u2013e8."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"585","article-title":"Quantification of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets with image analysis","volume":"78","author":"Livas \n C,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Livas \n C, \n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM, \n \n \n Bronkhorst \n E, \n \n \n Derks \n A, \n \n \n Katsaros \n C. \n \n \n Quantification of white spot lesions around orthodontic brackets with image analysis. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:585\u2013590."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"68","article-title":"Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization: part 1. Lesion development","volume":"94","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"1988","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n R\u00f8lla \n G, \n \n \n Arends \n J. \n \n \n Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization: part 1. Lesion development. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;94:68\u201373."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b09","series-title":"Caries Res. 1955;","first-page":"2","article-title":"Ten Bosch J, Angmar-M\u00e5nsson B. A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence","volume":"29","author":"De Jong \n EJ,","unstructured":"De Jong \n EJ, \n \n \n Sundstr\u00f6m \n F, \n \n \n Westerling \n H, \n \n \n Tranaeus \n S, \n \n \n Ten Bosch J, Angmar-M\u00e5nsson B. A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence. Caries Res. 1955;29:2\u20137."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"991","article-title":"Quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital as an oral hygiene evaluation tool to assess plaque accumulation and enamel demineralization in orthodontics","volume":"86","author":"Miller \n CC,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller \n CC, \n \n \n Burnside \n G, \n \n \n Higham \n SM, \n \n \n Flannigan \n NL. \n \n \n Quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital as an oral hygiene evaluation tool to assess plaque accumulation and enamel demineralization in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 2016;86:991\u2013997."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"331","article-title":"White spot lesion formation after treatment with full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders","volume":"149","author":"Yagci \n A,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yagci \n A, \n \n \n Korkmaz \n YN, \n \n \n Buyuk \n SK, \n \n \n Yagci \n F, \n \n \n Atilla \n AO. \n \n \n White spot lesion formation after treatment with full-coverage rapid maxillary expanders. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:331\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"122","article-title":"Bond strength of metallic brackets after dental bleaching","volume":"79","author":"Patusco \n VC,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patusco \n VC, \n \n \n Montenegro \n G, \n \n \n Lenza \n MA, \n \n \n Alves de Carvalho \n A. \n \n \n Bond strength of metallic brackets after dental bleaching. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:122\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b13","series-title":"Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students","first-page":"122","author":"Dahlberg \n G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n G. \n \n \n Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students. London: George Allen & Unwin; 1940:122\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"123","article-title":"Ten Cate J. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization part 2. Prevention and treatment of lesions","volume":"94","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"1988","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n R\u00f8lla \n G, \n \n \n Arends \n J, \n \n \n Ten Cate J. Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization part 2. Prevention and treatment of lesions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;94:123\u2013128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b15","series-title":"Caries Res","first-page":"21","article-title":"Comparison of QLF and DIAGNOdent for quantification of smooth surface caries","volume":"35","author":"Shi \n XQ,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shi \n XQ, \n \n \n Tran\u00e6us \n A, \n \n \n Angmar-Mansson \n B. \n \n \n Comparison of QLF and DIAGNOdent for quantification of smooth surface caries. Caries Res. 2001;35:21\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b16","series-title":"Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent","first-page":"27","article-title":"Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: an in vitro study","volume":"10","author":"Gray \n G,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gray \n G, \n \n \n Shellis \n P. \n \n \n Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: an in vitro study. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2002;10:27\u201332."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b17","series-title":"Eur J Oral Sci","first-page":"237","article-title":"White spot lesions around brackets: in vitro detection by laser fluorescence","volume":"112","author":"Staudt \n CB,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Staudt \n CB, \n \n \n Lussi \n A, \n \n \n Jacquet \n J, \n \n \n Kiliaridis \n S. \n \n \n White spot lesions around brackets: in vitro detection by laser fluorescence. Eur J Oral Sci. 2004;112:237\u2013243."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"28","article-title":"Effects of combined application of antimicrobial and fluoride varnishes in orthodontic patients","volume":"120","author":"\u00d8gaard \n B,","year":"2001","unstructured":"\u00d8gaard \n B, \n \n \n Larsson \n E, \n \n \n Henriksson \n T, \n \n \n Birkhed \n D, \n \n \n Bishara \n SE. \n \n \n Effects of combined application of antimicrobial and fluoride varnishes in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;120:28\u201335."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-16-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"908","article-title":"Orthodontic attachments and chlorhexidine-containing varnish effects on gingival health","volume":"78","author":"Paschos \n E,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paschos \n E, \n \n \n Limbach \n M, \n \n \n Teichmann \n M, \n \n et al. \n Orthodontic attachments and chlorhexidine-containing varnish effects on gingival health. 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