{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:09:07Z","timestamp":1789416547585,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the influence of self-esteem on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the occlusal transition from childhood to adolescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This longitudinal observational study involved 785 children, ranging from mixed to permanent dentition, over a 4-year follow-up period. OHRQoL was assessed using the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ) for two age groups: 8 to 10 years for those in mixed dentition and 11 to 14 years for permanent dentition. Clinical variables related to malocclusion were evaluated using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and children\u2019s self-esteem was measured using the Global Negative Self-Evaluation (GSE). Poisson regression analyses were conducted, with regression models adjusted to estimate relative risks and their respective 95% confidence intervals. A significance level of\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .20 was used for individual analyses, with an overall significance set at 5%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Individuals with low self-esteem had an 11%, 12%, 21%, and 20% higher risk of reporting a negative impact on OHRQoL in functional limitation, emotional well-being, social well-being, and total OHRQoL, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Self-esteem may contribute to decreased OHRQoL in the transition from childhood to adolescence. The findings suggest that the need for orthodontic treatment does not significantly alter this relationship in childhood and does not affect OHRQoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/020725-119.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T03:13:16Z","timestamp":1770952396000},"page":"397-403","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How does self-esteem influence oral health-related quality of life during the occlusal transition from childhood to adolescence: a 4-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Diego Patrik Alves","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Department of Community Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e1bata Caroline Lopes","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Researcher, Herm\u00ednio Ometto Foundation-FHO, Araras, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia Rafaela dos","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Department of Community Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Carmo","family":"de Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Morphology and Child Clinic, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Araraquara, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo de Castro","family":"Meneghim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Am\u00e9lia Scudeler","family":"Vedovello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas-UNICAMP, Piracicaba, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"238","article-title":"The impact of malocclusion on the quality of life among children and adolescents: a systematic review of quantitative studies","volume":"37","author":"Dimberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dimberg L,\nArnrup K,\nBondemark L. The impact of malocclusion on the quality of life among children and adolescents: a systematic review of quantitative studies. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37(3):238\u2013247."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b02","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1881","article-title":"The impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kragt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kragt L,\nDhamo B,\nWolvius EB,\nOngkosuwito EM. The impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20(8):1881\u20131894."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b03","series-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent","first-page":"503","article-title":"Relationship between the severity of malocclusion and oral health related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun L,\nWong HM,\nMcGrath CP. Relationship between the severity of malocclusion and oral health related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2017;15(6):503\u2013517."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"295","article-title":"Malocclusions and quality of life among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"G\u00f6ranson","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00f6ranson E,\nSonesson M,\nNaimi-Akbar A,\nDimberg L. Malocclusions and quality of life among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2023;45(3):295\u2013307."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b05","series-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"383","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment demand in young adolescents - Are parents familiar with their children's desires and reasons","volume":"32","author":"Uhac","year":"2022","unstructured":"Uhac M,\nZibar Belasic T,\nPerkovic V,\nMatijevic M,\nSpalj S. Orthodontic treatment demand in young adolescents - Are parents familiar with their children's desires and reasons? Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32(3):383\u2013391."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"564","article-title":"Impact of anterior occlusal conditions in the mixed dentition on oral health-related quality-of-life item levels","volume":"90","author":"Vedovello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vedovello SAS,\nde Carvalho ALM,\nde Azevedo LC,\nDos Santos PR,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nde C Meneghim M. Impact of anterior occlusal conditions in the mixed dentition on oral health-related quality-of-life item levels. Angle Orthod. 2020;90(4):564\u2013570."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b07","series-title":"Community Dent Health","article-title":"Malocclusion, facial and psychological predictors of quality of life in adolescents","volume":"36","author":"Dall\u00e9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dall\u00e9 H,\nVedovello SAS,\nDegan VV,\nDe Godoi APT,\nCust\u00f3dio W,\nde Menezes CC. Malocclusion, facial and psychological predictors of quality of life in adolescents. Community Dent Health. 2019;36(4):298\u201302."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"677","article-title":"Correlation between malocclusion and history of bullying in vulnerable adolescents","volume":"92","author":"Ramos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramos ITM,\nNabarrette M,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nde Menezes CC,\nde C Meneghim M,\nVedovello SAS. Correlation between malocclusion and history of bullying in vulnerable adolescents. Angle Orthod. 2022;92(5):677\u2013682."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b09","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"255","article-title":"Relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion","volume":"81","author":"Recabarren","year":"2023","unstructured":"Recabarren NAG,\nCarneiro DPA,\nValdrighi HC,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nMenezes CC,\nVedovello SAS. Relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion. Acta Odontol Scand. 2023;81(4):255\u2013258."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b10","series-title":"Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Cl\u00edn Integr","first-page":"e200178","article-title":"A Multivariate analysis of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and self-esteem in adolescents","volume":"22","author":"Muniz J\u00fanior","year":"2022","unstructured":"Muniz J\u00fanior AB,\nCarneiro DPA,\nMenezes CC,\nDegan VV,\nVedovello SAS,\nVedovello Filho M. A Multivariate analysis of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion and self-esteem in adolescents. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Cl\u00edn Integr. 2022;22:e200178."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"484","article-title":"Impact of self-esteem on the oral-health-related quality of life of children with malocclusion","volume":"134","author":"Agou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agou S,\nLocker D,\nStreiner DL,\nTompson B. Impact of self-esteem on the oral-health-related quality of life of children with malocclusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;134(4):484\u2013489."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b12","series-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"415","article-title":"Factors influencing adolescents\u2019 oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)","volume":"23","author":"Foster Page","year":"2013","unstructured":"Foster Page LA,\nThomson WM,\nUkra A,\nFarella M. Factors influencing adolescents\u2019 oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013;23(6):415\u2013423."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b13","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"763","article-title":"Dentofacial deformities are associated with lower degrees of self-esteem and higher impact on oral health-related quality of life: results from an observational study involving adults","volume":"71","author":"Frejman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Frejman MW,\nVargas IA,\nR\u00f6sing CK,\nCloss LQ. Dentofacial deformities are associated with lower degrees of self-esteem and higher impact on oral health-related quality of life: results from an observational study involving adults. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71(4):763\u2013767."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"87","article-title":"Psychological well-being, dental esthetics, and psychosocial impacts in adolescent orthodontic patients: a prospective longitudinal study","volume":"153","author":"Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng X,\nWang YJ,\nDeng F,\nLiu PL,\nWu Y. Psychological well-being, dental esthetics, and psychosocial impacts in adolescent orthodontic patients: a prospective longitudinal study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;153(1):87\u201396.e2."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b15","series-title":"Eur J Oral Sci","first-page":"254","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment need, self-esteem, and oral health-related quality of life among 12-yr-old schoolchildren","volume":"127","author":"Herkrath","year":"2019","unstructured":"Herkrath APCQ,\nVettore MV,\nde Queiroz AC, et al. Orthodontic treatment need, self-esteem, and oral health-related quality of life among 12-yr-old schoolchildren. Eur J Oral Sci. 2019;127(3):254\u2013260."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b16","series-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes","first-page":"352","article-title":"Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14-15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Mikkelsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mikkelsen HT,\nHaraldstad K,\nHelseth S,\nSkarstein S,\nSm\u00e5stuen MC,\nRohde G. Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14-15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18(1):352."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b17","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"26","article-title":"Is there a relationship between malocclusion and bullying? A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Trist\u00e3o","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trist\u00e3o SKPC,\nMagno MB,\nPintor AVB, et al. Is there a relationship between malocclusion and bullying? A systematic review. Prog Orthod. 2020;21(1):26."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b18","series-title":"J Orthod Sci","first-page":"123","article-title":"Effect of malocclusion on the self-esteem of adolescents","volume":"6","author":"Taibah","year":"2017","unstructured":"Taibah SM,\nAl-Hummayani FM. Effect of malocclusion on the self-esteem of adolescents. J Orthod Sci. 2017;6(4):123\u2013128."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b19","series-title":"Development of the Dentition","author":"Van der Linden","year":"1983","unstructured":"Van der Linden FPGM. Development of the Dentition. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co; 1983."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"390","article-title":"Esthetic impact of maxillary midline diastema and mandibular crowding in children in the mixed dentition","volume":"161","author":"Carneiro","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carneiro DPA,\nVenezian GC,\nValdrighi HC,\nde Castro Meneghim M,\nVedovello SAS. Esthetic impact of maxillary midline diastema and mandibular crowding in children in the mixed dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161(3):390\u2013395."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b21","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"459","article-title":"Validity and reliability of a questionnaire for measuring child oral-health-related quality of life","volume":"81","author":"Jokovic","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jokovic A,\nLocker D,\nStephens M,\nKenny D,\nTompson B,\nGuyatt G. 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Utility of the dental aesthetic index in industrialized and developing countries. J Public Health Dent. 1989;49(3):163\u2013166."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"410","article-title":"Comparing and contrasting two orthodontic indices, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment need and the Dental Aesthetic Index","volume":"110","author":"Jenny","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jenny J,\nCons NC. Comparing and contrasting two orthodontic indices, the Index of Orthodontic Treatment need and the Dental Aesthetic Index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110(4):410\u2013416."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b27","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"237","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusions in the early mixed dentition and orthodontic treatment need","volume":"26","author":"Tausche","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tausche E,\nLuck O,\nHarzer W. 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JAMA. 1995;273(1):59\u201365."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b35","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"481","article-title":"Relationships between dental appearance, self-esteem, socio-economic status, and oral health-related quality of life in UK schoolchildren: a 3-year cohort study","volume":"37","author":"Benson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Benson PE,\nDa\u2019as T,\nJohal A, et al. Relationships between dental appearance, self-esteem, socio-economic status, and oral health-related quality of life in UK schoolchildren: a 3-year cohort study. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37(5):481\u2013490."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"238","article-title":"The impact of malocclusion on the quality of life among children and adolescents: a systematic review of quantitative studies","volume":"37","author":"Dimberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dimberg L,\nArnrup K,\nBondemark L. The impact of malocclusion on the quality of life among children and adolescents: a systematic review of quantitative studies. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37(3):238\u2013247."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b02","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"1881","article-title":"The impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kragt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kragt L,\nDhamo B,\nWolvius EB,\nOngkosuwito EM. The impact of malocclusions on oral health-related quality of life in children-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2016;20(8):1881\u20131894."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b03","series-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent","first-page":"503","article-title":"Relationship between the severity of malocclusion and oral health related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun L,\nWong HM,\nMcGrath CP. Relationship between the severity of malocclusion and oral health related quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2017;15(6):503\u2013517."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"295","article-title":"Malocclusions and quality of life among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"G\u00f6ranson","year":"2023","unstructured":"G\u00f6ranson E,\nSonesson M,\nNaimi-Akbar A,\nDimberg L. Malocclusions and quality of life among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2023;45(3):295\u2013307."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b05","series-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"383","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment demand in young adolescents - Are parents familiar with their children's desires and reasons","volume":"32","author":"Uhac","year":"2022","unstructured":"Uhac M,\nZibar Belasic T,\nPerkovic V,\nMatijevic M,\nSpalj S. Orthodontic treatment demand in young adolescents - Are parents familiar with their children's desires and reasons? Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32(3):383\u2013391."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"564","article-title":"Impact of anterior occlusal conditions in the mixed dentition on oral health-related quality-of-life item levels","volume":"90","author":"Vedovello","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vedovello SAS,\nde Carvalho ALM,\nde Azevedo LC,\nDos Santos PR,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nde C Meneghim M. Impact of anterior occlusal conditions in the mixed dentition on oral health-related quality-of-life item levels. Angle Orthod. 2020;90(4):564\u2013570."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b07","series-title":"Community Dent Health","article-title":"Malocclusion, facial and psychological predictors of quality of life in adolescents","volume":"36","author":"Dall\u00e9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dall\u00e9 H,\nVedovello SAS,\nDegan VV,\nDe Godoi APT,\nCust\u00f3dio W,\nde Menezes CC. Malocclusion, facial and psychological predictors of quality of life in adolescents. Community Dent Health. 2019;36(4):298\u201302."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"677","article-title":"Correlation between malocclusion and history of bullying in vulnerable adolescents","volume":"92","author":"Ramos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ramos ITM,\nNabarrette M,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nde Menezes CC,\nde C Meneghim M,\nVedovello SAS. Correlation between malocclusion and history of bullying in vulnerable adolescents. Angle Orthod. 2022;92(5):677\u2013682."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-4-397-b09","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"255","article-title":"Relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion","volume":"81","author":"Recabarren","year":"2023","unstructured":"Recabarren NAG,\nCarneiro DPA,\nValdrighi HC,\nVedovello-Filho M,\nMenezes CC,\nVedovello SAS. Relationship between aesthetic concern and self-esteem in adolescents with severe malocclusion. 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