{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:16:43Z","timestamp":1771298203653,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To determine the expression levels of nociceptin following experimental tooth movement.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: sham and experimental groups. For the experimental group, closed coil springs were used to mimic orthodontic force (80\u00a0g) between upper incisors and first molars, and the rats were killed at 0\u00a0hours, 4\u00a0hours, 12\u00a0hours, 1\u00a0day, 2\u00a0days, 5\u00a0days, 7\u00a0days, 10\u00a0days, and 14\u00a0days. All of these procedures were similar for the sham group, except for that no force was applied. The four rats killed at 0\u00a0hours without any intervention were used as the baseline control in each group. Trigeminal nucleus caudalis from both the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of force applications were obtained for immunostaining.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Nociceptin was expressed in both the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of each group. Its expression levels started to increase on day 2, peaked on day 7, and returned to baseline on day 10 in the experimental group, while expression levels started to decrease on day 1 and returned to baseline on day 10 in the sham group. Moreover, the expression levels were similar between the ipsilateral and contralateral sides in each group.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The expression levels of nociceptin were elevated following experimental tooth movement. The anesthetic agent used in this study (chloral hydrate) may have an antagonism with nociceptin. Due to bilateral innervation of anterior teeth and bilateral projection of nerve fibers, the expression levels of nociceptin were similar between ipsilateral and contralateral sides.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/020913-119.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,8]],"date-time":"2013-05-08T12:27:17Z","timestamp":1368016037000},"page":"1022-1026","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Expression patterns of nociceptin in rats following experimental tooth movement"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Lina","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Graduate Student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaochuan","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Masters Graduate Student, Huiying Dental Clinic, 55# Huashan Nan Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Graduate Student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niansong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Graduate Student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Masters Graduate Student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Graduate Student, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-83-6-1022-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"170","article-title":"Orthodontic pain: from causes to management\u2014a review","volume":"29","author":"Krishnan\n              V.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Krishnan\n              V. \n          \n          Orthodontic pain: from causes to management\u2014a review. 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